This study aimed to study the inhibition activity of purified bacteriocin produced from the local isolation Lactococcuslactis ssp. lactis against pathogenic bacteria species isolated from clinical samples in some hospitals Baghdad city. Screening of L. lactis ssp. Lactis and isolated from the intestines fish and raw milk was performed in well diffusion method. The results showed that L. lactis ssp. lactis (Lc4) was the most efficient isolate in producing the bacteriocin as well observed inhibitory activity the increased that companied with the concentration, the concentration of the twice filtrate was better in obtaining higher inhibition diameters compared to the one-fold concentration. The concentrated bacteriocin was purified using the gel filtration column and Sephacryl S-200. The results showed the high inhibitory activity of the purified bacteriocin after the purification against the positive and negative bacteria of the Gram stain under study compared to the one-fold concentration and two-fold before purification , The diameters of the inhibition zones after gel-filtering of the purified bacteriocin reached S. aureus, S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, E. clocae and S. marcescens (23, 25, 26, 20, 22 and 28) Mm respectively. The carbohydrate content of purified bacteriocin from L. lactis ssp. lactis (Lc4) isolate was 6.02% with a molecular weight of 6310 Dalton. The results showed that purified bacteriocin retained its inhibitory activity at pH 2-10 and showed the highest inhibition at pH 4-6 and lost at pH 12. The purified bacteriocin was characterized by thermal stability. It retained its effectiveness when exposed to 40, 60, 80, 100°C for 30, 15, 5 minutes and 120°C for 15.5 minutes and lost 50% of its effectiveness when exposed to 120°C for 30 minutes. Results The purified bacteriocin was effectively retained when treated with enzyme pepsin and trypsin of 37°C for one hour and at pH 7.
Polyvinyl alcohol, (PVA) was prepared using polyvinyl acetate emulsion (manufactured by Al-Jihad factory,
That-Al-Sawary Company) as a local raw material. In this investigation, polyvinyl acetate emulsion was converted to
solid form by coagulation the polymer from its emulsion using sodium sulphate salt as coagulant aid, then alcoholyzed
the solid polyvinyl acetate in methanol using sodium hydroxide as catalyst, polyvinyl alcohol produced by this method is
a dry, white to yellow powder.
Three affecting variables on the degree of hydrolysis of PVA were studied, these variable are Catalyst to
polymer weight ratio in the range of 0.01 – 0.06, reaction time in the range of 20 – 90 min, and reaction temperature in
the
يهدف البحث الى بيان اثر تقييم المشاريع الاستثمارية في تطوير واعداد الموازنات الاستثمارية المعدة من قبل الوحدات الاقتصادية حيث ان المشاريع الاستثمارية تعد ذات طابع مهم وحيوي للوحدات الاقتصادية وذلك لما تتضمن هذه المشاريع من طول الفترة الزمنية للاعدادها وتنفيذها ولما يرافق هذه الفترة من مخاطر وعدم تأكد وكذلك احتياجها الى اموال كثيرة لأنجاز المشروع, فأن عملية تقييم المشاريع المنفذة والتي تم اعداد موازنة
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The method of powder technology has been utilized in fabrication of machinable
ceramics by the approach of glass-ceramic principles. The crystalline ceramic phases
partially dissolved by host glass while the undissolved part remain responsible for the
machinability by the usual cutting tools. Thus avoiding the unnecessary use of special
dies to cast fully melted composition and initiate recrystallization process. Two types of
machinable ceramics have been successfully prepared, the first with high silica content
and the other with high alumina content. A comparison of their properties and discussed.
The cities are not yet a temporal status in the process of the human and civilization development. The cities consider as a life pattern, this mean that people cannot live without cities, which surround us. Several phenomena like globalization, revolution of information, technical development, increased of consumption, do not confirmed without the living in cities. The urbanization – in its simple meaning – means transferring from rural community to city community. In other word, it means that socioeconomic changes happened subject to the patterns and conditions of the urban life. Each government depend a certain policy, this policy contains set of plans and programs, that targeting to affect the population factors and the st
... Show MoreEconomics / University of Mosul
Abstract
The spread of the phenomenon of excessive buying in our society, especially for cosmetics, and at the same time increase the marketing deception by the organizations to take quick profit 'and accordingly was identified the problem of research in several questions, including:
Is there a significant effect of consumption culture on marketing deception? &n
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In this paper we suggest new method to estimate the missing data in bivariate normal distribution and compare it with Single Imputation method (Unconditional mean and Conditional mean) by using simulation.
Parasitological investigation of piscivorous birds in Al-Hammar marsh south of Iraq during December-February 2004 and December 2005 were revealed that water birds infected with five nematode species, which belong to three different superfamilies, Desmidocercella numidica (Seurat, 1920) (Superfamily: Aproctoidea) from three piscivorous birds including Grey heron Ardea cinerea, Bittern Botaurusstellaris, and small white heron Ardeola ralloides; Avioserpens sp. 1 and Avioserpens sp. 2 (Superfamily: Dracunculoidea) from small bittern Ixobrychus minutus and black glossy ibis Plegadisfalcinellus respectively; Baruscapillaria sp. and Baruscapillarinae gen. sp. (Sup
... Show MoreThe present study analyzes the violation of the strategies of conversation in two English plays namely Richard II and King Lear. The present study tries to achieve the following goals: 1. showing how the strategies of real conversation can be applied to conversation in plays. 2. analyzing how the characters communicate with each other to discover how Shakespeare violates the strategies of conversation in depicting his characters. The study has been conducted on the bases of the following hypotheses:
- The strategies of conversation which are derived from the study of natural conversation can be applied to conversation in drama with some modification for dramatic purposes.