This study includes applying chemical tests on cow, sheep and chicken bones including both hallow and flat. The results of chemical tests on bones mentioned the moisture percentage which was between 4.95-7.32 %, and it was noticed the difference in protein percentage among different kinds of bones, The highest protien percentage was 39.62 % in hallow chicken bones and the lowest was in hallow sheep bones 20.31%, at the same time, the highest Ash percentage was in hallow sheep bones48.11% , whereas the highest percentage of fat was in hallow cow bones 30%. The chemical and physical tests were conducted for extracted fat from hallow and flat bones for cows, sheeps and chicken. It was found that peroxide values (PV), and free fatty acids (FFA) tended to increase proportionally with extraction time at temperatures examined. The lowest values ware obtained after 3 hours as PVs were 0.93, 1.2, 1.0, 1.0, 1.33 and 1.46 meq/ kg oil respectively, FFA values were 0.15, 0.168, 0.187, 0.168, 0.206 and 0.225% respectively. The highest chemical indices for extracted fat from hallow and flat bones for cow and sheep was after 5 hours as PVs were 2.39, 1.8, 1.9, and 1.86 meq/ kg oil respectively, FFA values were 0.253, 0.300, 0.263 and 0.30% respectively. While, the highest chemical indices for extracted fat from hallow and flat chicken bones was after 4 hours, as PVs were 1.6 and 1.73 meq/ kg oil respectively, FFA values were 0.245 and 0.244% respectively. The obtained results showed values of smoking point tended to decrease proportionally as extraction time proceeding at different temperature used, highest values were recorded after extraction for 3 hours, smoking point values were 242.6, 231.33, 223.8, 217.66, 204.5and 204 °C respectively. The lowest physical values of fat extracted from hallow and flat bones of cow and sheep were obtained after 5 hours as the smoking point values were 230.33, 229.83, 203.4 and 204.83°C respectively. The lowest physical indices of fat extracted from hallow and flat chicken bones were obtained after 4 hours, as the smoking point values were 204 and 203.5 °C respectively.
Anatomy studies were carried out in the experimental field, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad to have better understanding of the influence of mulching with black polyethylene sheets, organic manure and chemical fertilizer on the anatomy changes in potato shoot and leaves tissues. Results showed that leaves area, leaves area index and chlorophyll percentage were significantly increased by using mulching and chemical fertilizer by (7463.70 cm2, 3.97, 45.33 SPAD units) respectively. Also this treatment significantly increased total stomata number and in both lower and upper sides of the leaf by (957,721,176) stomata /mm2 respectively. But by using mulching treatment with organic manure significantly increased vessels and sieve t
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Background: Ageing is a continuous accumulative ordinary physiological phenomena occurs upon all organs and body structures including saliva by its constituents which can influence the caries process, for that this study was conducted to determine the impact of ageing on selected chemical composition of saliva and their effects on dental caries experience characteristics at different age groups among apparently healthy men. Materials and method: A descriptive comparative study was conducted to compare between three study samples (young, middle and old age adults), thirty male in each study insert, aged (20 years, 40 years and 60 years) respectively. They were selected from private health center in Baghdad - Iraq, from the mid of November
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The integration of decision-making will lead to the robust of its decisions, and then determination optimum inventory level to the required materials to produce and reduce the total cost by the cooperation of purchasing department with inventory department and also with other company,s departments. Two models are suggested to determine Optimum Inventory Level (OIL), the first model (OIL-model 1) assumed that the inventory level for materials quantities equal to the required materials, while the second model (OIL-model 2) assumed that the inventory level for materials quantities more than the required materials for the next period. &nb
... Show MoreIn This paper, sky radio emission background level associated with radio storm burst for the Sun and Jupiter is determined at frequency (20.1 MHz). The observation data for radio Jove telescope for the Sun and Jupiter radio storm observations data are loaded from NASA radio Jove telescope website, the data of Sunspot number are loaded from National Geophysical Data Center, (NGDC). Two radio Jove stations [(Sula, MT), (Lamy, NM)] are chose from data website for these huge observations data. For the Sun, twelve figures are used to determine the relation between radio background emission, and the daily Sunspot number. For Jupiter a twenty four figures are used to determine the relation between radio background emission and diffraction betwe
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Abstract In the current contribution, a novel binuclear nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes were prepared from a hexadentate ligand prepared via condensation of 3,3'-Bipyridine-6,6'-dicarbaldehyde , 2-amino-5-chlorobenzaldehyde and 2-Aminophenol .The symmetric ligand (H2DTPE) and its metal complexes were illustrated utilizing various techniques of physicochemical containing magnetic moment, analytical analysis and spectroscopy of mass, IR, 13C and 1H NMR, TGA and UV-Vis. The particles of MO Nanoscale were created from the labeled complex applying the ways of pyrolysis and utilizing methods of XRD, FT-IR, and FE-SEM, that specified close compatibility with the typical pattern for nanoparticles of NiO, ZnO and appeared the reasonable size in
... Show MoreThis research study focuses on fundamental questions. It deals with the content of the critical reviews through which the most important sources that undermine the renaissance of the Islamic human society can be concluded. It is the vague fetishization of the sacred between religion, politics, and ideas, which members of society live in and which raised the dust of closed-minded fanaticism that led to the return of deviant extremism. It is oppression, violence, and domination, all of which are professional tools in the manufacture of the ideology of extremism in all its forms. Here, the idea matured in giving a human, intellectual and philosophical overview that mixed the required drawing in the formulation of scientific cont
... Show MoreThe corrosion protection of low carbon steel in 2.5 M HCl solution by kiwi juice was studied at different temperatures and immersion times by weight loss technique. To study the determination of the optimum conditions from statistical design in evaluation of a corrosion inhibitor, three variables, were considered as the most dominant variables. These variables are: temperature, inhibitor concentration (extracted kiwi juice) and immersion time at static conditions.
These three variables are manipulated through the experimental work using central composite rotatable Box – Wilson Experimental Design (BWED) where second order polynomial model was proposed to correlate the studied variables with the corrosion rate o
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