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Comparison between Reference Infliximab (Remicade) and its Biosimilar (Remsima) in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Field-based Pharmacoeconomic Study
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Background: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that mostly involves the spine and sacroiliac joints. It is associated with a decreased quality of life. Biological medicines such as infliximab and its biosimilar are the mainstay treatments for active ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: The study objective was to conduct a pharmacoeconomic study comparing the cost-effectiveness of the reference infliximab with its biosimilar in ankylosing spondylitis patients visiting public hospitals.

Subjects and Method: This is a two-center pharmacoeconomic study performed at two large teaching governmental hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, which supplied infliximab to outpatients with ankylosing spondylitis. The outcome data were obtained from patient’s medical records and face-to-face interviews with the patients from December 2021 through April 2022. The Independent T-Test was used to measure the differences in areas of utility, and quality of life, between the two infliximab groups.

Results: The study recruited 62 patients with ankylosing spondylitis who received infliximab (31 received Remicade, and 31 received Remsima) for at least 12 weeks at two public teaching hospitals. The mean age of the patients was 37.85 years and 83.9% were men. In general, both reference infliximab and its biosimilar were successful in increasing the quality of life. Their importation costs were different from 2019 to 2021. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of reference infliximab versus biosimilar was $ 40,909/quality-adjusted life year (QALY) according to 2019 pricing. In contrast, in 2021 reference infliximab (Remicade) was less expensive and yielded slightly better quality of life improvement than biosimilar (Remsima) making Remicade more cost-effective (dominant).

Conclusion: Remicade was slightly superior to Remsima in quality of life improvement. However, it was difficult to determine whether the reference or its biosimilar was more cost-effective in 2019 because the health officials did not specify a willingness to pay per quality-adjusted life year. Compared to Remsima, Remicade was more cost-effective in 2021 because it was less expensive and more effective in terms of quality of life improvement.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 11 2024
Journal Name
الموئتمخر الدولي للعلم والتعليم
SUFFIXAL METHOD FOR FORMING NEW VOCABULARY IN RUSSIAN AND ARARBIAN LANGUAGES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ACHIEVEMENT OF TRANSLATION ADEQUACY
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Abstract. In this scientific work, we investigate the problem of the practical necessity of achieving the adequacy of translation activities with active translation from Russian into Arabic in various fields of translation. Based on the material of the latest suffix vocabulary, a serious attempt is made to clarify and specify the rules for the development of translator's intuition when translating from Russian into Arabic and vice versa. Based on the material collected by the latest suffix vocabulary, we try to make an attempt to reveal the role of suffix word creation in highlighting the general rules for achieving translation equivalence. The paper examines the process of creating words in multi-family languages, the difference between th

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Webology
The role of change management in achieving competetive advantage a case study in diyala state company
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The research aims to test the correlation relationships between wise leadership, and the business model, and to demonstrate its influence (wise leadership) on the business model. Therefore, two main hypotheses were put forward. The research was applied to a sample consisting of (87) managers and deputy managers, some of them are members on the board of directors of the researched company. The questionnaire was adopted as a basic tool for collecting data, in addition to personal interviews. A number of statistical methods were used to analyze the data and obtain results. The researcher showed a set of results, including: There is a significant correlation between wise leadership and business model. There is an influence of wise leadership on

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Organizational Culture Impact in Enhancing Job Performance A Case Study in the Modern Paint Industries Company
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          The organizational culture is considered as an important topic. In this research, this topic was studied in modern paints Industries Company to assess its role in job performance and to show if there is this relationship between them or no. it is, also, attempted to measure this strength of this relationship if any. The 40 cases research sample was chosen. This sample included the chief executive, his assistants, key managers, and their assistants. The questioner consists of two sets of questions : the first set ( concerning the organizational culture) covers six variables (Physical structures , Symbols

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Publication Date
Thu May 21 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Strategic Research In Social Science (josress)
A Pragmatic Study of Gender Differences in the Use of Speech Acts in Selected Suicide Notes
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DBNRSK Sayed, Journal of Strategic Research in Social Science (JoSReSS), 2020

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Saudi Endodontic Journal
Comparison of root canal transportation and centering after instrumentation through conservative and traditional access cavities using different file systems
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Introduction:

While conservative access preparations could increase fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, it may influence the shape of the prepared root canal. The aim of this study was to compare the prepared canal transportation and centering ability after continuous rotation or reciprocation instrumentation in teeth accessed through traditional or conservative endodontic cavities by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

Forty extracted intact, matured, and 2-rooted human maxillary first premolars were selected for this

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 23 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The concept of justice and its relationship to the law
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Any person, regardless of his location in the air, whether he was kidnapped or trained, and then he performs a certain work, believes that his work is in vain, and by God, his deeds. I wonder if those who hold him in the first place will be safe in good form. He said that the essence of justice in the story is the story:

These are given the meaning we have fought in the fact that each group of. He went beyond creating a group of blocs, sects, and parties. If justice indicated one meaning, these relationships between people and peace would diminish. In fact, justice has only one concept, but there are several associations with it in the field of divorced one of these synonyms. However, the variation in racist drums in the encounte

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 14 2016
Journal Name
Bio--genetics Journal
Correlation of Her-2/neu gene amplification by FISH and CISH with clinicopathological parameter of Iraqi breast carcinoma patients at central public health laboratories
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The objective of the study: is to investigate the correlations between the HER2 neu gene status with the clinicopathological parameters of infiltrative breast carcinoma. A total of seventy four Iraqi breast cancer patients were collected from one center (Department of Public Health) paraffin blocks were collected from histopathology department central public health laboratories, Bagdad, Iraq from 2014-2015. The cases which has been taken included invasive ductal and invasive lobular carcinoma type Women age were ranged from 24-80 years old. Evaluation of Her-2/neu gene amplification status was done using FISH and CISH techniques that showed a significant correlations with clinicopathological parameters.

Publication Date
Tue Feb 02 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Modern Physics B
Preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles by laser ablation in DMF under effect of external magnetic field
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We have studied the effect of applying an external magnetic field on the characteristics of iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in dimethylformamide (DMF). The NPs synthesized with and without applying of magnetic field were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–Vis absorption, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM results confirmed that the particle size was decreased after applying magnetic field.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 23 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Effect of Nano Materials on Lost Circulation Control of Azkand Formation in Khabaz Oil Field
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Experimental tests were carried to control lost circulation in the Khabaz oil field using different types of LCMs including Nano-materials. A closed-loop circulation system was built to simulate the process of lost circulation into formations. Two dolomite plugs were used from different depths of the formation of Azkand in Khabaz oil field. The experimentations were carried out to study the effect of different types of LCMs, cross-linked copolymer (FLOSORB CE 300 S), SiO2 NP, and Fe2O3 NP, on mud volume losses as a function of time.

The rheological measurements of the nanoparticles-reference mud system showed that both of the SiO2 NP and Fe2O3 NP w

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Vegetative Growth of three Sugarcane Genotypes (Saccharum officinarum L.) in field
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I n vitro rooting plantlets of three sugarcane genotypes(Co.j.64, Co.j.86 and Missan) were cultured in the field after exposed at different doses of gamma rays (1,2,3,4,) kr. Data of reduction percentage on vegetative growth, roots number, length per plant and their diameter were investigated. Results showed gradual reductions in number of shoots, length and diameter as according to increasing of gamma doses. The reduction percentage in shoot number, length were reached 57.86,70.36 % at 4 kr respectively which have mean number and length per plant reached (9.27 and 55.33 cm) as compared with the control treatment ,While 1 kr caused higher percent in diameter reached 9.69 % with mean of diameter per plant reached 2.57 cm. Mean time , Ge

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