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Gingival Pigmentation Pattern in Correlation to Skin Color in a Group of Kurdish People in Sulaimani City
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Background: Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva appears in all ethnicities. Excessive pigmentation is an esthetic concern that has increased awareness about depigmentation procedures. This epidemiological study aims to find the correlation between skin color and gingival pigmentation in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/Iraq.

Subjects and Methods: A total of 820 apparently healthy and non-smokers, including 338 males and 482 females with healthy gingiva, aged between (18-40 years old) were enrolled in this study. Clinical examination on the participants’ gingivae was performed to assess color, and the distribution of pigmentations. Afterward the of participants skin color were visually examined and divided into six groups according to the Fitzpatrick scale.

Results: Skin color of (53%) of our participants was medium to light brown. Most of the pigmentations were observed in the attached gingiva and interdental papilla (26.83%) and least being in the marginal gingiva and interdental papilla (9.27%). A statistically significant correlation was found between the participants’ skin color, and the intensity of their gingival pigmentations  

Conclusion: Darker-skinned subjects haveeavieringival pigmentation compared toair-skinned people in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/ Iraq. The intensity of gingival pigmentation increases with age with the highest rate of gingival pigmentation was in the upper and lower second premolar to premolar area.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Impact Televised Media Violence upon Children's relationship at Primary Schools with their Mates in Al-Nasiriyah City
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Abstract:
Objective: To know the effect of televised media violence on the relationship of Children's primary school with mates and identify association between the demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status for primary school children and their relation with exposure to televised violence media.
Methodology: simple probability sample of 221 children were selected from 1425 children are learning in schools in Al-Nasiriyah City.
Results: Results of the current study showed that (53.8%) of children exposed to Televised media violence be relationship with their mates weak, (46.2%) of them have their relationship with their mates good, as well as the study showed that the presence significant correlation with males genders

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology (jestec)
Water Quality Assessment And Total Dissolved Solids Prediction For Tigris River In Baghdad City Using Mathematical Models
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Total dissolved solids are at the top of the parameters list of water quality that requires investigations for planning and management, especially for irrigation and drinking purposes. If the quality of water is sufficiently predictable, then appropriate management is possible. In the current study, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were used as indicators of water quality and for the prediction of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) along the Tigris River, in Baghdad city. To build these models five water parameters were selected from the intakes of four water treatment plants on the Tigris River, for the period between 2013 and 2017. The selected water parameters were Total Dissolved Solids (TDS

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Rigid trunk sewer deterioration prediction models using multiple discriminant and neural network models in Baghdad city, Iraq
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The deterioration of buried sewers during their lifetime can be affected by several factors leading to bad performance and can damage the infrastructure similar to other engineering structures. The Hydraulic deterioration of the buried sewers caused by sewer blockages while the structural deterioration caused by sewer collapses due to sewer specifications and the surrounding soil characteristics and the groundwater level. The main objective of this research is to develop deterioration models, which are used to predict changes in sewer condition that can provide assessment tools for determining the serviceability of sewer networks in Baghdad city. Two deterioration models were developed and tested using statistical software SPSS, the

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Aquatic Oligochaeta (Annalida:Clitellata) as Bio Indication for Sediment Quality Assessment in Tigris River Within Baghdad City /Iraq
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Aquatic Oligochaeta is an important group of Macroinvertebrates that has been very remarkable as bioindicators for assessing water pollution and determining its degree in water bodies. Hence, the idea of the current study aims at studying the impact of Baghdad effluents on the Tigris River by using oligochaetes community as bioindicators . For this purpose, four sites along the inside of Baghdad has been chosen. Site S1 has been located upstream, site S2 and S3 has been at midstream and site S4 at the downstream of the River.This investigation has used different types of biological indicators, including the  percentage of oligochaeta  within benthic invertebrates, which ranged from 49.2-51.28%. The highest percentage of the tubificid w

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 15 2022
Journal Name
Al-adab Journal
Ideological and artistic features screenplay by L. Ulitskaya "The Plague, or CDC in the City" (1978-2020)
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    The article analyzes the ideological and genre features of L. Ulitskaya's work "The Plague, or OOI in the City", examines the features of building an artistic whole, ways of creating images of characters and their characteristics, stylistic features of the work.

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
New Approach in Detection MAC Spoofing in a WiFi LAN
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Medium Access Control (MAC) spoofing attacks relate to an attacker altering the manufacturer assigned MAC address to any other value. MAC spoofing attacks in Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) network are simple because of the ease of access to the tools of the MAC fraud on the Internet like MAC Makeup, and in addition to that the MAC address can be changed manually without software. MAC spoofing attacks are considered one of the most intensive attacks in the WiFi network; as result for that, many MAC spoofing detection systems were built, each of which comes with its strength and weak points. This paper logically identifies and recognizes the weak points
and masquerading paths that penetrate the up-to-date existing detection systems. Then the

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 25 2022
Journal Name
Al-mağallaẗ Al-šāmilaẗ Li-l-ḥuqūq
The intention to harm others is one of the forms of abuse of the right - a study in the light of American law
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In a world of limited space, the owners are always surrounded by others next to them, and, consequently, there is hardly any activity which the owner may exercise on his land which would not affect the other owners. If he builds a building, that building may block the sun's rays or the air from the buildings next to it and owned by other people. And if he runs a business, the lands adjacent to that business may be overburdened with the accompanying noise or traffic. If oil is prospected in a land, the neighboring lands may be deprived of oil or their owners may be exposed to toxic fumes. Hence the importance of researching the intention of harming others, as it is one of the most important forms of abuse in the use of the right (especially

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Voluntary Obedience for Tthe Taxpayers to Find End to Tax Evasions in Iraq
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The Voluntary Obedience has great importance for the modern taxes systems and its management and this is meant the taxpayer whom in charge to pay of his taxes obligations voluntarily , he is very known of himself whereas he prepared his finishing accountings and present them as samples prepared by taxes management and settle the tax sum directly according to specified income , which has an impact to find end to tax evasion as result lead to increase the tax income and achieve the justice for the taxpayer and the state treasury

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 07 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Article Effectiveness of Instruction Program on Caregiver Knowledge concerning Emergency Care for Geriatrics at Geriatric Home in Baghdad City.
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Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the information of caregivers concerned emergency care for the elderly and to identify the relationship between caregiver information and their educational level, years of service and training courses. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Geriatric Care Home in Baghdad City (the governmental and private geriatric care home ) for the period from October, 14th , 2018 to March, 20th , 2019 to find the effectiveness of the instructional program on caregivers knowledge about emergency care for the elderly.. A purposive sample (non-probability) was consisting of (30) males and females caregivers, the sample was selected from geriatric care home in Baghdad city .To implemen

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of pregnant women’s knowledge and practices concerning prenatal care who attend primary health care centers in Baghdad City
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Objective: To assess knowledge of pregnant women concerning prenatal care who attend primary health care
center in Baghdad city.
Methodology: A descriptive analytic study carried on (100) pregnant women who attend primary health care
centers in Baghdad city (50) of them from Al- Sheik Omer primary health care center \Resafa sector .and 50 from
Belat Al-Shuhadaa/ Al Karch sector, during the period from April to November 2011. The data were collected
through interview and use questionnaire format. Validity and Reliability of the questionnaire were determined
through panel of experts and pilot study, data were analysed through the application of descriptive statistical
analysis and inferential statistical analysis.
R

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