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Evaluation of obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle associations with low back pain in young adults
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Background: low back pain is one of the most common public health problems and of the most common musculoskeletal complaint. Many risk factors have been considered for developing low back pain include smoking, obesity and sedentary lifestyle.

Aim of study: To evaluate smoking, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle associations with low back pain in young adults aged (18 – 39 years).

Methods: a comparative cross sectional study for young adults aged 18 – 39 years, participants with low back pain as a symptom constitutes the first group, others free of this symptom considered as the control group. Age and gender matched in both groups. Smoking, obesity and sedentary life style variables collected and analyzed statistically using odd ratio and chi-square

Results: One hundred patients were enrolled in the study after 12 patients being removed due to our exclusion criteria. 45 patients were with low back pain, 2:1 male to female ratio, For LBP group; data show 30:15 obese to none obese ratio, 23:22 smokers to none smoker ratio, and ratio of 35:10 with sedentary lifestyle compared to active one. While in the control group, data show 22:33 obese to none obese ratio, 16:39 smokers to none smoker ratio, and ratio of 23:32 with sedentary lifestyle compared to active one. Using Chi-square test, the P- value was of 0.0079, 0.025 and 0.0003 for obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle, respectively. The odds ratio was 3, 2.55 and 4.86 for obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle, respectively. All above results were statistically significant.

Conclusion: Each of smoking, obesity and sedentary lifestyle is statistically correlated with low back pain in young adults' age group.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 31 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The impact of a training field in Lake Al-Razzaza to develop the strength of the legs and arms for young boxers
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Publication Date
Fri Nov 02 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Nursing Knowledge and Practices Concerning Nursing Care of Patient with Skin Traction in Orthopedic Units in Kurdistan Region
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Objective: The study aimed to evaluate knowledge and practices of nursing staff at the orthopedic units
regarding the existing care of patient with skin traction.
Methodology: The sample consists of (40) nurses, (20) of them from Emergency Teaching Hospital in Duhok
and the other (20) of them from Erbil Teaching Hospital in Erbil from 1st Dec. 2004 to the end of June 2005 in
Kurdistan Region.
Two instruments were constructed to evaluate knowledge and practices. Evaluation of knowledge was done by
using of multiple choice questions composed of (25) questions, and evaluation of practice was done by using the
observational check list which consist of four main category (pre skin traction, during skin traction, post skin

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2010
Journal Name
Clinical And Experimental Rheumatology
RE-EVALUATION OF PATHERGY TEST IN IRAQI PATIENTS WITH BEHCET'S DISEASE
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KE Sharquie, R Hayani, J Al-Rawi, A Noaimi, SH Radhy, CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY, 2010

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
7 SMAS Plasty in Face Lift with Fat Graft: Evaluation of Aesthetic Outcomes
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The main goal of facelift surgery is to reduce the effect of aging by reposition of face soft tissue in to more youthful orientation. There are many methods for SMAS plication which had different design and vector of pull. AIM OF STUDY: To evaluate the effectiveness and longitivity of 7 shaped SMAS plication in facelift. PATIENT AND METHODS: From January 2020 to march 2021, 10 female patients with age (45-60) years were presented with facial sagging, those patients were subjected to subcutaneous facelift with 7 shaped SMAS plication with fat greft in Al-Shaheed Ghazi Al-Harri Hospital and Baghdad burn medical center at Baghdad medical complex. RESULTS: The average follow up period was 6 to 12 months. The mean operative

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
In vivo evaluation the efficiency of nitazoxanide with cationic Gemini surfactant on Cryptosporidiosis
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Infection with cryptosporidiosis endangers the lives of many people with immunodeficiency, especially HIV patients. Nitazoxanide is one of the main therapeutic drugs used to treat cryptosporidiosis. However, it is poorly soluble in water, which restricts its usefulness and efficacy in immunocompromised patients. Surfactants have an amphiphilic character which indicates their ability to improve the water solubility of the hydrophobic drugs. Our research concerns the synthesis of new cationic Gemini surfactants that have the ability to improve the solubility of the drug Nanazoxide. So, we synthesized cationic Gemini surfactants. N1,N1,N3,N3-tetramethyl-N1,N3-bis(2-octadecanamidoethyl)propane-1,3-diaminium bromide (CGSPS18) and 2,2‘-(etha

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 18 2024
Journal Name
Eximia Journal
Forecasts some of functional indicators nervous system for dribbling skills in young basketball players from Baghdad Governorate
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The research study is important since it establishes predicted rates for various nervous system functional indicators.In terms of performing the skill of Dribbling in basketball for young players in Baghdad Governorate in order to reach scientific results that serve researchers, coaches, and players uniformly. The study's goal is to create predictive equations for specific functional indicators of the nervous system in relation to the Dribbling skill performance of young basketball players in Baghdad Governorate. The researchers used a descriptive approach with a survey method on (8) youth basketball league clubs in Baghdad Governorate for the 2022-2023 sports season, totaling (96) players . Three tests were used to measure the nervous sy

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 31 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Compound Exercises Using Added Relative Weights On Some Physical Abilities In Young Soccer Players
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Medical Journal Of Babylon
Evaluation of the Salivary Levels of Interleukin-17 and Galectin-3 in Patients with Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Background: Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus are both considered as a chronic disease that affect many people and have an interrelationship in their pathogenesis. Objective: The aim is to evaluate the salivary levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and galectin-3 in patients with periodontitis and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: The samples were gathered from 13 healthy (control group) and 75 patients split into 3 groups, 25 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy periodontium (T2DM group), 25 patients with generalized periodontitis (P group), and 25 patients with generalized periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (P-T2DM group). Clinical periodontal parameters were documented. The concentration of IL-17

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 11 2023
Journal Name
Modeling Earth Systems And Environment
Microfacies analysis and stratigraphic framework of the Albian succession in the low folded zone, Northern Iraq
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Problems lead to the low level of academic achievement in the evening school: suggestions and solutions
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Academic achievement is a professional standard for measuring student levels in the first stages. Therefore, any indication of the level of achievement makes us in an attempt to employ students in evening schools. The researcher has developed a closed questionnaire of (36) paragraphs. A total of (164) male and (24) female students were chosen from evening schools. The result of this research revealed that the number of students was a reason for the low level of their achievement, the lack of laboratories, educational methods, and techniques of the most prominent problems confirmed by students in these schools. In addition, to support educational institutions with their necessary needs. The most important conclusion in this research is th

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