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Comparative Study on the Corneal Endothelial Cell Count between Type 2 Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
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Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest chronic disorders worldwide with a rapid rise in prevalence. In Iraq its prevalence is high especially in elderly age group. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have higher vulnerability for complications, whether microvascular or macrovascular. Ocular complications are common in diabetes mellitus, and comprise diabetic retinopathy, diabetic papillopathy, cataract, glaucoma, dry eye disease and diabetic keratopathy. Diabetic keratopathy involves endothelial and epithelial tissues of the cornea, leading to persistent epithelial defect, corneal erosion, or corneal ulcers.

Aim of the Study: To compare the mean corneal endothelial cell count between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetics.

Subjects and Methods: This is a case-control study conducted in Ibn Al Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital – Baghdad and included 249 participants, 125 cases with type 2 diabetes and 124 controls who had no diabetes. Endothelial cell count was measured for 1 eye of each participant using TOPCON® SP-3000P microscope. Patients who had diabetes for less than 5 years, and patients who had previous ocular surgery, injury or disorders were excluded.

Results: There was a significant difference in endothelial cell count between cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus and controls; P = 0.001. There was also a significant negative correlation between age and endothelial cell count, R = -0.20, P = 0.002. Similarly, there was a significant negative correlation between duration of diabetes mellitus and endothelial cell count, R = -0.44, P < 0.001.

Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus causes significant reduction in mean corneal endothelial cell count. There is also a negative correlation between corneal endothelial cell count and both age and duration of the disease.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparative morphological and histological study of the pecten oculi in two species of Iraqi birds (Falco tinnunculus L. and Streptopelia decaocto F.)
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Study showed structure of pecten oculi in the Kestrel Falco tinnunculus L.was
Pleated type and consisted of 17 folds which were thick. While in the Collared Dove
Streptopelia decaocto F. was Vaned type and consisted of 13 folds and it described
thin. The illustrated histological study of pecten oculi folds in the Kestrel and the
Collared Dove was composed of large number of capillaries, large blood vessels and
pigment cells which were few in Kestrel compare with the Collared Dove. The bridge
in the Kestrel and the Collared Dove pecten oculi was consisted of connective tissue,
many pigment cells, and contains on little capillaries and it linked the membrane to
the internal limiting membrane of the retina in the Kes

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 18 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Pharyngeal airway volume and its relationship to the facial morphology in nasal breathing and mouth breathing subjects (A comparative computerized tomography study)
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Background: The value of lateral cephalometric radiographs to evaluate the pharyngeal airway is limited because it provided 2-dimensional (2D) images of complex 3-dimensional (3D) anatomic structures. Three dimensional analyses of the airway volumes are required to understand oral and pharyngeal adaptations in mouth breathing and nasal breathing subjects. The aim of this study was to measure the pharyngeal airway volume and the size of the face, then compare between pharyngeal airway volume in mouth breathing and nasal breathing subjects and find the gender difference in each group, also to study the relation between pharyngeal airway volume and the size of the face. Material and Methods: Fifty patients including 28 males and 22 females wit

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2020
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell. Arch.
MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION AND COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE LIVER IN TWO IRAQI MAMMALS : WEASEL (HERPESTES JAVANICUS) AND EASTERN GRAY SQUIRREL (SCIURUS CAROLINENSIS
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The results of the current study showed that the liver of H. javanicus appeared as large lobulated organ divided into six distinct lobes, that filled the cranial region and little extended to the middle region of abdominal cavity. On the other hand, liver of S. carolinensis laid against the diaphragm, occupied the cranial region of the abdominal cavity and consisted of five lobes. The liver is surrounded with a thin capsule of dense regular collagenous connective tissue and few numbers of smooth muscles fibers can be seen in the capsule that covered the squirrel liver. The liver parenchyma divided into a large number of interconnected hepatic lobules marked only by the abundant amount of connective tissue bordered the triads, and within the

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 03 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Evaluating the Inhibitory Activity of Apigenin Extracted from Salvia officinalis leaves on the Growth of L20B Cancer Cell Line
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The study aimed to evaluating the inhibitory activity of apigenin extracted from Salvia officinalis leaves on the growth of L20B cancer cell in vitro, and through two incubation periods; 48 and 72 hours. Accordingly, eight concentrations (1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0, 100.0 and 200.0 micromol) of apigenin and similar concentrations of vitamin C and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were tested. The apigenin revealed its significant inhibitory potentials against the growth of L20B cell line, especially at the low concentrations (1.56, 3.13 and 6.25 micromol) and at 72 incubation period in comparison with vitamin C and CCl4.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 23 2023
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
Studying the effect of copper on the p-ZnTe/n-AgCuInSe2/p-Si for thin films solar cell applications
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A thin film of AgInSe2 and Ag1-xCuxInSe2 as well as n-Ag1-xCuxInSe2 /p-Si heterojunction with different Cu ratios (0, 0.1, 0.2) has been successfully fabricated by thermal evaporation method as absorbent layer with thickness about 700 nm and ZnTe as window layer with thickness about 100 nm. We made a multi-layer of p-ZnTe/n-AgCuInSe2/p-Si structures, In the present work, the conversion efficiency (η) increased when added the Cu and when used p-ZnTe as a window layer (WL) the bandgap energy of the direct transition decreases from 1.75 eV (Cu=0.0) to 1.48 eV (Cu=0.2 nm) and the bandgap energy for ZnTe=2.35 eV. The measurements of the electrical properties for prepared films showed that the D.C electrical conductivity (σd.c) increase

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 18 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Medical Sciences
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FRUCTOSE, ZINC AND COPPER LEVELS IN SEMINAL PLASMA IN FERTILE AND INFERTILE MEN
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Background: Human semen contains high concentrations of fructose, zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in bound and ionic forms for Zn and Cu. The presence of abnormal levels of fructose and those trace elements may affect spermatogenesis with regard to production, maturation, motility and fertilizing capacity of the spermatozoa.Objective: To evaluate the levels of fructose, Zn and Cu in seminal plasma in different groups of male infertility and to correlate their concentrations with various sperm parameters.Methods: The concentrations of fructose, Zn and Cu were measured in 114 semen samples from normozoospermic, oligozoospermic, astheno-zoospermic, and azoospermic men using the electrothermal-atomic absorption spectrometry for Zn and Cu determinatio

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 30 2023
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Preparation and Evaluation of Aceclofenac Solid Dispersion by Fusion Technique and Effervescent Assisted Fusion Technique: Comparative Study
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Solid dispersion (SD) is one of the most widely used methods to resolve issues accompanied by poorly soluble drugs. The present study was carried out to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of Aceclofenac (ACE), a BCS class II drug with pH-dependent solubility, by the SD method. Effervescent assisted fusion technique (EFSD) using different hydrophilic carriers (mannitol, urea, Soluplus®, poloxamer 188, and poloxamer 407) in the presence of an effervescent base (sodium bicarbonate and citric acid) in different drug: carrier: effervescent base ratio and the conventional fusion technique (FSD) were used to prepare ACE SD. Solubility, dissolution rate, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), PowderX-ray diffraction

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 21 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
Comparative study of embedded functionalised MWCNTs and GO in Ultrafiltration (UF) PVC membrane: interaction mechanisms and performance
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 29 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The static aging effect on the seedless synthesis of different ranges FAU-type zeolite Y at various factors
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This work investigates generating of pure phase Faujasite-type zeolite Y at the ranges chosen for this study via a static aging step in the absence of seeds synthesis. Nano-sized crystals may result when LUDOX AS-40 is used as a silica source for gel composition of range 6 and the crystallization step may be conducted for a period of 4 to 19 hr at 100 ⁰C. Moreover, large-crystals with high crystallinity pure phase Y zeolite can be obtained at hereinabove conditions but when hydrous sodium metasilicate is used as a silica source. The other selected ranges also offer pure phase Y zeolite at the same controlled conditions.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 29 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The static aging effect on the seedless synthesis of different ranges FAU-type zeolite Y at various factors
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This work investigates generating of pure phase Faujasite-type zeolite Y at the ranges chosen for this study via a static aging step in the absence of seeds synthesis. Nano-sized crystals may result when LUDOX AS-40 is used as a silica source for gel composition of range 6 and the crystallization step may be conducted for a period of 4 to 19 hr at 100 ⁰C. Moreover, large-crystals with high crystallinity pure phase Y zeolite can be obtained at hereinabove conditions but when hydrous sodium metasilicate is used as a silica source. The other selected ranges also offer pure phase Y zeolite at the same controlled conditions.

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