Fibro-adenoma is the most common lesion of the breast, it occurs in25%of asymptomatic women (1,2 )
It is usually a disease of early reproductive life, the peak incidence is between the ages15 and 35 years.(3,4) It presents as firm highly mobile, non tender mass .(5)
Less than 5% of fibro-adenomas grow rapidly and display the clinical and histologic characteristics of giant fibro-adenoma which is defined as a-tumour either having a diameter greater than 5 cm. And /or amass weighing more than 500 grams, and are conventionally a benign tumor of breast.(6)
Giant fibro-adenomas appear as well-circumscribed but not encapsulated masses on mammography and solid and the texture is homogenous and hypoechoic with low level echoes on U/S. (6, 7)
It is hormone dependent that lactates during pregnancy and involutes along with the rest of the breast in perimenopause.(5)
Excessive estrogen stimulation and /or receptor sensitivity, or lack of estrogen antagonist havebeen implicated in the etiology. (2)
Giant fibro-adenoma is often confined to one breast as a solitary mass occupying part or the whole breast and in rare cases it may be multifocal and involve both breasts. (8)
Giant fibro-adenomas are benign and do not become malignant. (9)
Histological cut surfaces have a lobulated grey-white myxoid semitransparent to dens fibrous appearance, it consist of epithelial and fibrous components, the pericanalicular fibro-adenoma maintains round and oval dilated ductal spaces whereas in the intracanalicular type the ductal lumens are compressed by polypoid fibrous stroma creating slit –like irregular spaces , the ducts are lined by two layers of cells: epithelial and myoepithelial cells and under influence of hormones the ducts become hyper plastic with papillary formation and more than two layers of cells varies from myxoid and hypo cellular to fibrous and moderately cellular . (2)
Surgical treatment of giant fibroadenoma ranges from shelling the tumour out in case it occupies part of the breast, to simple mastectomy. (10)
Identification by biological features gets tremendous importance with the increasing of security systems in society. Various types of biometrics like face, finger, iris, retina, voice, palm print, ear and hand geometry, in all these characteristics, iris recognition gaining attention because iris of every person is unique, it never changes during human lifetime and highly protected against damage. This unique feature shows that iris can be good security measure. Iris recognition system listed as a high confidence biometric identification system; mostly it is divide into four steps: Acquisition, localization, segmentation and normalization. This work will review various Iris Recognition systems used by different researchers for each recognit
... Show MorePrenatal markers are commonly used in practice to screen for some foetal abnormalities. They can be biochemical or ultrasonic markers in addition to the newly used cell free Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) estimation. This review aimed to illustrate the applications of the prenatal screening, and the reliability of these tests in detecting the presence of abnormal chromosomes such as trisomy-21, trisomy-18, and trisomy-13 in addition to neural tube defects. Prenatal markers can also be used in the anticipation of some obstetrical complications depending on levels of these markers in the mother’s circulation. In the developed countries, prenatal screening tests are regularly used during antenatal care period. Neural tube defects, numer
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(6)
Physical and chemical adsorption analyses were carried out by nitrogen gas using ASTM apparatus at 77 K and hydrogen gas using volumetric apparatus at room temperature, respectively. These analyses were used to determine the effect of coke deposition and poisoning metal on surface area, pore size distribution, and metal surface area of fresh and spent hydrodesulphurization catalyst Co-Mo\Al2O3 . Samples of catalyst (fresh and spent) used in this study are taken from AL-Dura refinery. The results of physical adsorption shows that surface area of spent catalyst reduced to third compare with fresh catalyst and these catalysts exhibit behavior of type four according to BET classification ,so, the pores of these samples are cylindrical, an
... Show MoreIn this paper we will study some of the properties of an operator by looking at the associated S-act of this operator, and conversely. We look at some operators, like one to one operators, onto operators. On the other hand, we look at some act theoretic concepts, like faithful acts, finitely generated acts, singular acts, separated acts, torsion free acts and noetherian acts. We try to determine what properties of T make the associated S-act has any of these properties.
The element carbon Carbon dioxide emissions are increasing primarily as a result of people's use of fossil fuels for electricity. Coal and oil are fossil fuels that contain carbon that plants removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis over millions of years; and in just a few hundred years we've returned carbon to the atmosphere. The element carbon Carbon dioxide concentrations rise primarily as a result of the burning of fossil fuels and Freon for electricity. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas produce carbon plants that were photosynthesized from the atmosphere over many years, since in just two centuries, carbon was returned to the atmosphere. Climate alter could be a noteworthy time variety in weather designs happening ov
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(2)
(1)
The objective behind this work was to find out the bacteriological profile of post burn infections in wound. The study was carried out from December 2010 to February 2011 at the Burns Unit of Al –Kindy Hospital and Al-Yarmook Hospital in Baghdad. Sixty burn patients have been investigated for bacterial profile of burn wound infections. Specimens were collected in the form of wound swabs. The organisms were isolated and identified by standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility test has been done by ATB-PSE5 kit(BioMereiux). Pseudomonas aeruginosa 35(58.3 %) was found to be the most common isolate followed by Klebsiella pneumonae 10(16.6%), Staphylococcus aureus 7(10%). ,E.coli 3(5%), Proteus merabilis 1(1.6 %), others 2
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(2)
The research deals with a new type of high-performance concrete with improved physical properties, which was prepared by using metal additives minutes (Metakaolin) and by studing their impact on the properties of mortar and concrete high-performance through destructive and non destructive tests. This type of concrete is used broadly in public buildings and in other structures . The research involved a number of experiments such as finding the activity index of burned at a temperature of 750 º C according to the standard ( ASTM C-311/03), as well as casting models for the cubic mortar mixtures and concrete containers at different rates of metakaolin ranging between (5% - 20%) as an added part to the cement mix to get a high- compressive
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