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Etiology of Bloody Diarrhea among Children Admitted to Maternity and Children ’ s Hospital-Erbil
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Background: Bloody diarrhea plays a major role in
morbidity and mortality especially in developing
countries, it is usually a sign of invasive enteric
infection, there is a thought that amoebic dysentery is
more common than bacillary dysentery in Iraq, and
from 1989 to 1997 amoebic dysentery increase from
20000to 550000 patients.
Objectives: This study aims to:
1. Outline the incidence of various infectious causes of
bloody diarrhea in Erbil district.
2. Assess the effect of multiple factors like age, sex,
source of water supply, etc... On the incidence of
amebic and bacillary dysentery.
3. To provide baseline data for making strategic plan to
reduce the diarrhoeal mortality and morbidity.
Methods: A prospective case- series study was
conducted on 116 infants and children aged 2 month –
12 years admitted to hospital complaining of bloody
diarrhea. Information was taken from their mothers
regarding (age, sex, geographical area, feeding pattern
and source of water supply) , their stool have been
examined for the presence of RBC, leukocyte, parasitic
cyst and trophozoit, however blood examination was
conducted for the presence of band.
Results: The results reveal 77.5% of patients were in the
younger age group (<2 year). Entamoeba histolytica was
the most common enteropathogen isolated in 60.3% of
patients, other enteropathogens identified were Shigella
3.5%, E.coli2.6%, Salmonella2.6%, mixed infection
were reported in 1.72%, 28.5%of patients have non
isolated pathogen.
On the other hand, source of water supply and type of
feeding have significant effect on incidence of
enteropathogens. The presence of fever, vomiting,
convulsion and band in peripheral blood mostly
indicates bacterial etiology.
Conclusion: Entamoeba histolytica was the commonest
enteropathogen isolated; the incidence of bloody
diarrhea was more in younger age group. There was
significant effect of source of water supply on the
incidence of bloody diarrhea with most enteropathogen
isolated from patients who have well water supply.
Breastfeeding was protective against enteropathogen
especially bacterial agents in infants under 6 month of
age. Presence of band in the peripheral blood indicates
most probably bacterial agents

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Impact of the Sowt Strategy on the Development of Systemic Intelligence among Students of the Ibn Rushd College of Education for the Humanities
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The aim of the current research is to identify the impact of the SWOT strategy on developing systemic intelligence among students of the Ibn Rushd College of Education for Human Sciences University of Baghdad / College of Education Ibn Rushd for Human Sciences. The current research community consists of (8590) male and female students, divided into (7) departments. The current research relied on one of the partial control designs, which is the design of non-random groups: experimental group and a control group with a pre and post-test. As for the research tool, It was represented by Tourmanin’s Systemic Intelligence Scale (2012) of (50) items that measure the eight components of systemic intelligence. The results of the Mann Whitney te

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 19 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
The effectiveness of upward training with weights to develop explosive power and speed and some functional variables for young volleyball players
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The effectiveness of upward training with weights to develop explosive power, characterized by speed and some functional variables for young volleyball players Many efforts of sports laboratories in various countries have been devoted to laying scientific foundations and rules in caring for the physical, skilled, planning, and psychological preparation of players and creating the conditions and requirements for reaching players to higher standards. The research aims to:1- Preparing an ascending training program with weights to develop explosive strength, which is characterized by speed and some functional variables for volleyball players.2- Identify the effect of the training program with upward training in weights to develop explosive stre

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Motivation and Self – Confidence and their relation to Routine Performance on Parallel Bars in Men’s Artistic Performance
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The research aimed at identifying the relationship between motivation and self–confidence on the performing routines in the parallel bar. The researchers used the descriptive method on (480) thirds year college of physical education and sport sciences/ university of Baghdad students. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that there is a high correlation relationship between motivation and self-confidence with routine performance on parallel bars. In addition to that, the researchers concluded that third-year students have high motivation and self – confidence and there is a positive relationship between motivation, self-confidence, and routine performance on parallel bars.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 19 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Motivation and Self – Confidence and their relation to Routine Performance on Parallel Bars in Men’s Artistic Performance
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Publication Date
Fri Jun 19 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
New Methods and Old Issues: Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Social Network Sites in the Arab Region
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This paper critically looks at the studies that investigated the Social Network Sites in the Arab region asking whether they made a practical addition to the field of information and communication sciences or not. The study tried to lift the ambiguity of the variety of names, as well as the most important theoretical and methodological approaches used by these studies highlighting its scientific limitations. The research discussed the most important concepts used by these studies such as Interactivity, Citizen Journalism, Public Sphere, and Social Capital and showed the problems of using them because each concept comes out of a specific view to these websites. The importation of these concepts from a cultural and social context to an Ara

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 06 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Difficulties in learning and teaching Arabic to non-native speakers in the Kurdistan Region Types and solutions
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This research is a study of the difficulties of learning the Arabic language that faces Arabic language learners in the Kurdistan Region, by revealing its types and forms, which can be classified into two categories:

The first type has difficulties related to the educational system, the source of which is the Arabic language itself, the Arabic teacher or the learner studying the Arabic language or the educational curriculum, i.e. educational materials, or the educational process, i.e. the method used in teaching.

The second type: general difficulties related to the political aspect, the source of which is the policy of the Kurdistan Regional Government in marginalizing the Arabic language and replacing the forefront of th

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Effect of Recycled Heating and Cooling and The Effect of The Speciment Size on The Compressive Strength of Concrete Exposed To High Temperature
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     In the present work effect of recycled heating and cooling on the values of concrete compressive strength due to high temperature of 4000C was studied.

    The tests show that the percent of reduction in compressive strength of the samples which exposed to a temperature of 4000C for one cycle was 32.5%, while the reduction was 52.7% for the samples which were exposed to recycled heating and cooling of ten times .      

   Moreover a study of the effect of specimen sizes on the percentages of compressive strength reduction due to high temperature

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 15 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Warning Messages of Jeanne DuPrau’sThe City of Ember to the World with Reference to Gil Kenan’s Film Adaptation: The Theory of Conspiracy
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The City of Ember is a very interesting novel that is although intended for young readers, have so many layers and messages that are misunderstood. In this research, both the novel and the film adaptation are studied with the intent to decode the warning messages that the novelist and the director tried to introduce to the audience. The research studies four vital messages; the first message is that history repeats itself for the novel has many allusions to the history of Jews and their painful holocaust and even goes back in history the days of Moses and the Exodus, the second message tackles the conspiracy theory that states nothing happens by accident and that everything is planned and connected hence comes the third message

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Use the path analysis method to diagnoseFactors influencing the intentions of the employees of the University of Dhi Qar To introduce Internet behavior
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The purpose of this study is to diagnose factors that effect Thi-Qar behavioral intention to use internet. A sample of (127) internet users of university staff was taken in the study and were analyzed by using path analyze . The study concluded that there is a set of affecting correlation. It was founded that exogenous variables (gender, income, perceived fun, perceived usefulness, Image, and ease of use) has significant effect on endogenous (behavioral intention) . The result of analysis indicated that image hopeful gained users comes first, ease of use secondly, perceived fan and perceived usefulness on (dependent variables (daily internet usage and diversity of internet usage. Implication of these result are discussed . the st

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 25 2024
Journal Name
Egypt. J.of Appl Sci
Effect of foliar spray of some organic or inorganic fertilizer on leaf and tuber content of N,P and K and its relation to potato tuber quality
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