Background: Bloody diarrhea plays a major role in
morbidity and mortality especially in developing
countries, it is usually a sign of invasive enteric
infection, there is a thought that amoebic dysentery is
more common than bacillary dysentery in Iraq, and
from 1989 to 1997 amoebic dysentery increase from
20000to 550000 patients.
Objectives: This study aims to:
1. Outline the incidence of various infectious causes of
bloody diarrhea in Erbil district.
2. Assess the effect of multiple factors like age, sex,
source of water supply, etc... On the incidence of
amebic and bacillary dysentery.
3. To provide baseline data for making strategic plan to
reduce the diarrhoeal mortality and morbidity.
Methods: A prospective case- series study was
conducted on 116 infants and children aged 2 month –
12 years admitted to hospital complaining of bloody
diarrhea. Information was taken from their mothers
regarding (age, sex, geographical area, feeding pattern
and source of water supply) , their stool have been
examined for the presence of RBC, leukocyte, parasitic
cyst and trophozoit, however blood examination was
conducted for the presence of band.
Results: The results reveal 77.5% of patients were in the
younger age group (<2 year). Entamoeba histolytica was
the most common enteropathogen isolated in 60.3% of
patients, other enteropathogens identified were Shigella
3.5%, E.coli2.6%, Salmonella2.6%, mixed infection
were reported in 1.72%, 28.5%of patients have non
isolated pathogen.
On the other hand, source of water supply and type of
feeding have significant effect on incidence of
enteropathogens. The presence of fever, vomiting,
convulsion and band in peripheral blood mostly
indicates bacterial etiology.
Conclusion: Entamoeba histolytica was the commonest
enteropathogen isolated; the incidence of bloody
diarrhea was more in younger age group. There was
significant effect of source of water supply on the
incidence of bloody diarrhea with most enteropathogen
isolated from patients who have well water supply.
Breastfeeding was protective against enteropathogen
especially bacterial agents in infants under 6 month of
age. Presence of band in the peripheral blood indicates
most probably bacterial agents
A total of 90 stool sample was collected from patients with gastroenteritis to
detect adenovirus antigen among diarrhea cases. They were tested by general stool
examination (GSE), rapid immunochromatographic test and Enzyme Linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). GSE showed that adenovirus gastroenteritis
infection resulted in non-bloody diarrhea, the existence of RBCs in 7% and Pus in
37% of the samples, Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite and cyst were seen in 3%
and 2% of the samples respectively. The rapid test showed that 21% of samples
were positive for rotavirus, 8% for adenovirus and 3% for astrovirus. Meanwhile,
the ELISA test showed that adenovirus was positive in 9% of the samples. These
findings establish
The characteristic of our time is the tremendous technological progress and the wide use of the Internet. Children have had a large share of this progress.as they are becoming fond of having the technological equipment of tablets and mobile phones which become indispensable for these children cannot do without them .
Recently, the phenomenon of using mobile phones and tablets by children has become more widespread, and the society in general and parents, in particular, have ignored the reasons for their health .Despite the many advantages and benefits for children who are well trained to use these devices properly that have enhanced their cognitive and social abilities, there are many disadvantages that could harm children's growth if
Back ground: One out of six children in the
world today is involved in child labor, doing
work that is damaging to his or her mental,
physical and emotional development.
Objective: Assessment of some health
problems among the studied working children.
Method; A cross-sectional study was
conducted in Al Amen Primary Health Care
(PHCC) during the period from January to
August 2009, a sample of 6048 children were
selected randomly(3218girls and2866 boys age
between 5-17 years ) and interviewed to collect
information using a structured questionnaire
form, information related to different aspects
of child labor prevention were included in the
form as well as a general medical examination
and lab
Background: The periodic review conducted of acute bacterial meningitis in children younger than 5 years of age in Baghdad to reflect changes in the epidemiological pattern of this infection.
Patients and Methods: Sixty patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of meningitis who were admitted to Central Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City were included in a prospective study started from the 1st October till the 30th of December 2009. By bacteriological study, biochemical and cytological study in the laboratory, WBCs in the blood with differential count was done to support the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
Results: Present study revealed that from (60) patients (6) cases (10.0 %) showed posi
Poliomyelitis is a viral disease caused by an enterovirus known as poliovirus and is well known for its role in causing paralysis in children, the virus is only infectious in humans and does pass into the central nervous system and cause various degrees of paralysis, poliovirus passes newcomer disabuse of suppliant to alms-man thumb the fecal-oral route infected persons still shed the virus in their stool allowing the virus to infect others. The main aim of this study was isolating and differentiation of poliovirus strains (Sabin virus) from the stool samples of children received polio vaccine TOPV and suffering from acute flaccid paralysis.
In this study use the cell culture system as the
... Show MoreBackground: Toxic-shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute onset; multiorgan disease caused mainly by Toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) producing Staphylococcus aureus strains.Testing for TSST-1 or anti-TSST-1 antibodies in the clinical setting may help to predict and prevent the appearance of TSS caused by nosocomial S. aureus infection.
Objectives: Detection of TSST-1 in the sera of children patients arranged to undergo surgical operations, and its relevance with certain demographic factors.
Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Baquba General Teaching Hospital- Diyala province for the period from August 2015 to April 2016. Eighty eight patients from those undergoing surgical operations were enrolled.
Objective(s): To find out the incidence Rate of abortions in pregnant women Admitted Maternal and pediatric Hospitals at Al-Diwaniyah City and to identify the relationship between the incidence rate of abortion and the associated risk factors that led to the occurrence of abortion.
Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted to identify the Incidence Rate of Abortions and its Associated Factors among Women at AL-Diwaniyah City’s Maternity and pediatric Hospital from 16 September 2020 to 16 March 2021 . The sample study includes (100) pregnant women with abortion out of (3800) pregnant women. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire through a personal intervie
... Show MoreSummary:
Background: The acute lymphocytic leukemias (All) make up about 76% of children leukemias . lymphoid leukemias occur more often than expected in patients with immunodeficiency , chromosomal abnormalities & ataxia telangiectasia . A number of chnges occur in preneoplastic & neoplastic cells as the progress towards a greater degree of malignancy . Nuclear DNA may be used as an aid in diagnosis , to predict prognosis & to determent of certain neoplasia.
Aim of the work: is to purify DNA from whole blood of predict & normal children & to characterize it by spectral studies.
Patients & Methods: Fifteen EDTA-treated blood samples of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the same number f