Background : Breast cancer is the most common cancer of
women. When breast cancer is detected and treated early,
the chances for survival are better. Surgery is the most
important treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer.
Al-Kindy Col Med J 2008 Vol.5(1) 40 Original Article
Objectives : The aim of this study is to review different
clinical presentation and to evaluate types of surgical
procedures and complications in treatment of nonmetastatic breast cancer.
Method : During the period from Jun 1998 to May 2005,
93 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer were
diagnosed and treated surgically in 2 hospitals in Baghdad (
Hammad Shihab military hospital and Al-Kindy teaching
hospital).
Results : Women constituted ( 98.93% ), while men
constituted (1.07%), with male to female ratio of (0.01:1).
The peak incidence of non-metastatic breast cancer (25.8%)
was at age group 51-60 years, while (60.2 % ) of cases
happened in women over 50 years of age. The right breast
was the most common side affected, and the upper outer
quadrant of the breast was the most common location
affected by cancer. Painless lump (91.4%) was the most
common symptom, and the hard lump was the most
common sign (100%).
The highest frequency of cases was diagnosed in stage II
followed by stage III, and invasive ductal cancer was the
most common histopathologic type.
(87.1 %) of patients underwent modified radical
mastectomy, while (12.9%) underwent breast-conservation
surgery. Breast-conservation surgery carried higher
incidence of recurrent disease than modified radical
mastectomy (33.3% vs.13.6%).
Conclusion : The majority of patients with non-metastatic
breast cancer were over 50 years of age, and the
preponderance were diagnosed in stage II. Modified radical
mastectomy may be preferable method for treatment as it
carries a lower rate of local or distant recurrence than
conventional breast-conservation surgery procedures
Background: Hormonal changes during pregnancy have been suggested to predispose women to gingivitis. Furthermore, advance periodontal infection in pregnant women may pose a threat to the placenta and uterus and may increase the like hood of preterm delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salivary interleukin -6 (IL-6) level and periodontal health among preterm postpartum women. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples were taken from 33 preterm postpartum women (study group) and 33 full term postpartum women (control group). The supernatant salivary samples were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Plaque, calculus and gingival indices were used for recording the oral hygiene and gingivitis also probing
... Show MoreA variety of liquid crystals comprising heterocyclics 1,3,4-oxadiazol ring [III], aminooxazol [IV]a, and aminothiazol [IV]b were synthesized through a number of steps, beginning of the reaction of 3, 3'- dimethyl - [1, 1'-biphenyl] -4, 4'- diamin, ethyl monochloroacetate and sodium acetate to synthesize diacetate compound[I]. The diester reacted with hydrazine hydrate(N2H4-H2O) to give dihydrazide compound [II], then reacted with Pyruvic acid and phosphorous oxychloride to produce diketone compound [III]. The last compound was reacted with urea and thiourea to give aminooxazol and aminothiazol respectively. The synthesized compounds actually characterized and determined the structures by melting points, FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopies. By u
... Show MoreThe present study aims at assessing the effects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on thyroid hormone and leptin by evaluating the level of: leptin hormone along with thyroid hormone in CKD patients. The study has been conducted on 70 subjects, 50 patients with an age range between 20-50 years (25 males and 25 females) who were diagnosed to have CKD stage-5, and 20 normal controls whose ages ranged between 20-48 years (10 males and 10 females), who attended the Nephrology and Transplant Center in Medical City of Baghdad- Iraq from April 2018 to July 2018. The study showed a highly significant (P<0.01) increase in TSH level in CKD patients in comparison with controls. While T3 and T4 levels observed highly significant decrea
... Show MoreMoment invariants have wide applications in image recognition since they were proposed.
The islamic legitimacy,imposition and of al-zakkat(regular charity) are well
known matters to the whole muslims but being in love with the present life and
worldly existence and being in scare of the death made some of the moslems to lag
behind and delay of keeping with that matter (regular charity) because the mony al
wayes was the reason for the man happiness in the present life allah makes al-zakat
(regular charity) one of the granting remissionns of the moslems people sins in return
for that allah promised the moslems to honored them with the eternal life in in the
paradise where is the gardens beneath which rivers flow so that I decided to write in
this matter of couarse after trust and recommend in god and h
The dependable and efficient identification of Qin seal script characters is pivotal in the discovery, preservation, and inheritance of the distinctive cultural values embodied by these artifacts. This paper uses image histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) features and an SVM model to discuss a character recognition model for identifying partial and blurred Qin seal script characters. The model achieves accurate recognition on a small, imbalanced dataset. Firstly, a dataset of Qin seal script image samples is established, and Gaussian filtering is employed to remove image noise. Subsequently, the gamma transformation algorithm adjusts the image brightness and enhances the contrast between font structures and image backgrounds. After a s
... Show MoreBackground :The cotton factories have difference steps, spinning and weaving are van important parts of the factories. Cotton industry workers are exposed to various hazards in the different departments of textile factories. The major health problems associated with cotton dust are respiratory problems. Cotton workers display an excess of lung function abnormalities when compared to a community control population.
Aim of Study: This study assessed the effect of exposure to cotton dust in spinning and weaving workers on the lung function in Iraq, by measuring Forced Vital Capacity (FVC),Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second(FEV1), FEV1 ∕ FVC Ratio, and Forced Expiratory Flow 50%(FEF50%),with varying degree of reduction in lung
Characterized the Middle East has geographic, economic, and geostrategic peculiarities, but it suffers from many problems, such as disagreement over what it means as a concept, or what it represents of a geographic extension. The question is related to the ambiguity surrounding the concept of the Middle East? The purpose of its launch? As it relates to its geostrategic, economic, and geo-cultural importance? And manifestations of this importance? And to what extent he retained his value in the strategies of the major powers? Research hypotheses:
-The multiplicity of concepts for the Middle East region, with international political and Geostrategic interests.- The geostrategic value of the Middle East has made it a focal point for
... Show MoreThis study delves into the properties of the associated act V over the monoid S of sinshT. It examines the relationship between faithful, finitely generated, and separated acts, as well as their connections to one-to-one and onto operators. Additionally, the correlation between acts over a monoid and modules over a ring is explored. Specifically, it is established that functions as an act over S if and only if functions as module, where T represents a nilpotent operator. Furthermore, it is proved that when T is onto operator and is finitely generated, is guaranteed to be finite-dimensional. Prove that for any bounded operator the following, is acting over S if and only if is a module where T is a nilpotent operator, is a
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