Background: Metabolic syndrome is a complex series of metabolic defects, characterized by high levels of serum glucose, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia. The high mobility group AT-hook1, an architectural transcript factor, affects the homeostasis of glucose. No previous studies have been performed to examine whether HMGA1 can be secreted into the extracellular milieu.

Objectives: this case-control study aimed to examine whether HMGA1 secretes into the extracellular milieu and compares its serum level in two groups of metabolic syndrome (with and without diabetes) and a control group composed of apparently healthy individuals of Iraqi population with different nationalities.

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disease that affects approximately 15% of women of childbearing age worldwide. It is one of the causes of infertility and is characterized by hirsutism, acne, persistent or interrupted anovulation, and hyperandrogenemia. Neuregulin-4 (NRG-4) is an adipokine hormone from the protein neuregulin family. Its level is greater in PCOS than in control women, and Neuregulin-4 is linked to body fat percentage and liver fat, as well as insulin resistance (IR).

Objectives: To estimate the serum NRG-4 levels in women diagnosed with (PCOS), to compare it with, non-PCOS healthy control and to explore the effect of hyperandrogenism on the obtained r

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female endocrine disorders. PCOS produces symptoms in approximately 5% to 10% of women of reproductive age (12–45 years old).
Objective: To detect the level of IL-6 in PCOS patients correlated with their serum glucose.
Patients and methods: This is a prospective study carried out at Baghdad teaching hospital in Baghdad/Iraq from November 2011 to January 2012. In this study, 80 blood samples (40 untreated women with PCOS cases and 40 healthy control) were collected to investigate their IL-6 levels by using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique and fasting blood sugar (FBS) by enzymatic assay.
Results: Serum IL-6 elevated in PCOS patients mainly

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder in which vascular thrombosis and / or recurrent pregnancy losses occur in a patient who has laboratory evidence of antibodies against phospholipids or phospholipids binding protein cofactor. Usually the patient presents at an age between 35- 45 years, with equal male to female ratio. Mostly they present with thrombosis or pregnancy complication. A quarter of the patients have thrombocytopenia and about one fifth have hemolytic anemia. The diagnosis rests on the criteria set as the Revised classification criteria for the Antiphospholipid syndrome
Patients and Methods; During the period from 1st Jan. 2002 until the 1st Jan. 2006,24 patients who met&n

Objective: To measure the serum levels of Fetuin-A, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and ferritin in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19in Baghdad, Iraq. Moreover, to determine these biomarkers' cut-off valuesthat differentiate between severely ill patients and control subjects. Methods: This case-control study was done from 15 September to the end of December 2021 and involved a review of the files and collectionof blood samples from patients (n=45, group1) hospitalized in COVID-19 treatment centersbecause of severe symptoms compared tohealthy subjects as controls (n=44, group2). Results: Fetuin-A serum levels were not statistically different between patients and controls. In contrast, IMA and ferritin levels were significan

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the common female endocrine disorders of uncertain etiology, which causes menstrual disorders as well as infertility. Interleukin–33(IL-33) is considered as a strong risk marker of inflammation and may have possible role in pathogenesis of PCOS.
Objectives: The present study is designed to investigate the possible role of IL-33 in pathogenesis of PCOS and its relation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C),insulin resistance(IR) and oxidative stress in prediabetic PCOS patients.
Subjects and Methods: The study involved 30 healthy women as control group and sixty six infertile Iraqi women with PCOS which were divided into two groups according to glycated heamoglobin(HbA1c) value and

    Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder . PCOS affects 6–10% of women during their reproductive life. Patients with PCOS are in the high risk for coronary heart disease because of their abnormal lipid profile, insulin resistance and obesity. The present study aimed to shed a light on the contribution of  sialic acid, paraoxonase and immunoglobulin G as a clinical indicator in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Seventy five female patients with age range (16-38) years taken from Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital and AlZahrawi Hospital in Governorate of    Messan through the period from July 2013 to December 2013 and twenty five apparently health subject as a control group were

Background : Double diabetes (DD) is the term used to describe situations in which a patient exhibits characteristics that are a combination of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) a large epidemiological study found that 25.5% of people with T1D also had the metabolic syndrome. A new protein hormone called asprosin is predominantly released by white adipose tissue. It was initially discovered in 2016 . Asprosin is important diagnoses marker for insulin resistant in diabetes patients ,additionally is very important denotation about early diagnoses of type 2 diabetes. Objectives: The current study aims to find predictive significance of diagnosis a double diabetes by evaluating the asprosin in the blood serum of

Background: Hybrid diabetes (or double diabetes, DD) occur when the patient which exhibits characteristics that combine type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Formerly epidemiological studies found that quarter of people with T1D also had the metabolic syndrome. Subfatin, Also called cometin, it is a small (~27kDa) cytokine secreted by protein encoded by a gene called METRNL (simeler of meteorin). is much expressed in skin in the mucosal tissues and activated macrophages. Subfatin has also been described as a hormone that effected in some diseases such as metabolic diseases (including dyslipidemia), type 2 diabetes and obesity. Objectives: The current study objective is evaluating the subfatin in the blood serum of double diabet

The qualified subjects for this study included 33 patients with benign and malignant oral tumors aged 15-75 years and 31 matched age and gender healthy subjects used as control. Proteins measurements included total protein, albumin, globulines in sera and saliva samples, and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) in sera samples of control and patients. Meanwhile, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to differentiate between protein patterns in both serum and saliva samples among the studied groups. The gel was also stained for glycoprotein to evaluate as well the changes in glycoprotein contents. For total protein, the results revealed a signifigant increase (P?0.01) in both samples (serum and saliva) of patient group. Albumin conce