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Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Using Deep X-Ray Therapy
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Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most challenging tumors because of their relative inaccessibility and that their spread can occur without significant symptoms with few signs, but Radiotherapy (RT) has a role in treatment of it.
Objectives: To show that RT is still the modality of choice in the treatment of NPC, to study modes of presentations, commonest histopathological types and their percentages, to show differences in the sensitivities of these types to RT and to find out a 5 year survival rate(5YSR) and its relation with lymph node involvement.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of 44 patients with NPC who were treated with routine RT from 1988-2007 at the institute of radiology and nuclear medicine. All patients were treated with megavoltage x-ray with a total dose to the primary lesion was 60-70 Grays (1 Gray = 100 Rads) so we gave 6000-7000 Rads in 6-8 weeks and 50 Grays were applied to the cervical lymphatic chain bilaterally.
Results: 10 out of 44 patients treated have survived more than 5 years (with a 5YSR of 22.7%). In this series of cases, the 5- year overall survival rate is: 60% with stage I, 33.3% with stage II, 28.5% with stage III and 13.7% with stage IV. But, it should be noted that most of them were advanced with stages III and IV accounting for 36 patients i.e 81.8%.
Conclusion: Radiotherapy (RT) is the modality of choice in the treatment of NPC and we must irradiate areas of probable spread with the primary lesion because spread can occur without significant signs and symptoms .The most common histopathological type is undifferentiated carcinoma which is more sensitive to RT than squamous cell carcinoma (scc) or other types of carcinoma.
Also we see that stages III and IV NPC (advanced) comprises high number of the total and the 5-YSR decreases as the patient advances from stage I to stage IV, therefore, early detection and diagnosis is very important.

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 06 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Chromium Elimination from Contaminated Soil by Electro kinetic Remediation, Using Garlic Peels Powder
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 22 2017
Journal Name
Heat Transfer—asian Research
Thermal Enhancement from Pin Fins by Using Elliptical Perforations with Different Inclination Angles
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Abstract<p>Many of the proposed methods introduce the perforated fin with the straight direction to improve the thermal performance of the heat sink. The innovative form of the perforated fin (with inclination angles) was considered. Present rectangular pin fins consist of elliptical perforations with two models and two cases. The signum function is used for modeling the opposite and the mutable approach of the heat transfer area. To find the general solution, the degenerate hypergeometric equation was used as a new derivative method and then solved by Kummer's series. Two validation methods (previous work and Ansys 16.0‐Steady State Thermal) are considered. The strong agreement of the validation results (0.3</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Chromium (VI) Removal from Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Process Using Taguchi Method: Batch Experiments
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Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical method for treatment of different types of wastewater  whereby sacrificial anodes corrode to release active coagulant (usually aluminium or iron cations) into solution, while simultaneous evolution of hydrogen at the cathode allows for pollutant removal by flotation or settling. The Taguchi method was applied as an experimental design and to determine the best conditions for chromium (VI) removal from wastewater. Various parameters in a batch stirred tank by iron metal electrodes: pH, initial chromium concentration, current density, distance between electrodes and KCl concentration were investigated, and the results have been analyzed using signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. It was found that the r

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An Algorithm for nth Order Intgro-Differential Equations by Using Hermite Wavelets Functions
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In this paper, the construction of Hermite wavelets functions and their operational matrix of integration is presented. The Hermite wavelets method is applied to solve nth order Volterra integro diferential equations (VIDE) by expanding the unknown functions, as series in terms of Hermite wavelets with unknown coefficients. Finally, two examples are given

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 13 2021
Journal Name
Al-nahrain Journal Of Science
Hiding Multi Short Audio Signals in Color Image by using Fast Fourier Transform
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Many purposes require communicating audio files between the users using different applications of social media. The security level of these applications is limited; at the same time many audio files are secured and must be accessed by authorized persons only, while, most present works attempt to hide single audio file in certain cover media. In this paper, a new approach of hiding three audio signals with unequal sizes in single color digital image has been proposed using the frequencies transform of this image. In the proposed approach, the Fast Fourier Transform was adopted where each audio signal is embedded in specific region with high frequencies in the frequency spectrum of the cover image to sa

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Solving Fractional Damped Burgers' Equation Approximately by Using The Sumudu Transform (ST) Method
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       In this work, the fractional damped Burger's equation (FDBE) formula    = 0,

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Between Tree regression (TR), and Negative binomial regression (NBR) by Using Simulation.
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            In this paper, the process of comparison between the tree regression model and the negative binomial regression. As these models included two types of statistical methods represented by the first type "non parameter statistic" which is the tree regression that aims to divide the data set into subgroups, and the second type is the "parameter statistic" of negative binomial regression, which is usually used when dealing with medical data, especially when dealing with large sample sizes. Comparison of these methods according to the average mean squares error (MSE) and using the simulation of the experiment and taking different sample

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 20 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
A Review Article: Green Synthesis by using Different Plants to preparation Oxide Nanoparticles
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Green nanotechnology is a thrilling and rising place of technology and generation that bracesthe ideas of inexperienced chemistry with ability advantages for sustainability, protection, andthe general protection from the race human. The inexperienced chemistry method introduces aproper technique for the production, processing, and alertness of much less dangerous chemicalsubstances to lessen threats to human fitness and the environment. The technique calls for inintensity expertise of the uncooked materials, particularly in phrases in their creation intonanomaterials and the resultant bioactivities that pose very few dangerous outcomes for peopleand the environment. In the twenty-first century, nanotechnology has become a systematic

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 30 2013
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Reinforcement Steel Corrosion Reduction by Using Fly Ash from South Baghdad Power Plant
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Corrosion- induced damage in reinforced concrete structure such as bridges, parking garages, and buildings, and the related cost for maintaining them in a serviceable condition, is a source of major concern for the owners of these structures.
Fly ash produced from south Baghdad power plant with different concentrations (20, 25 and 30) % by weight from the cement ratio were used as a corrosion inhibitor as a weight ratio from the cement content.
The concrete batch ratio under study was (1:1.5:3) cement, sand and gravel respectively which is used in Iraq. All the raw materials used were locally manufactured.
Concrete slabs (250x250x70) mm dimensions were casted, using Poly-wood molds. Two steel bars were embedded in the central po

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Ambient Energy
Energy generation by membraneless microfluidic fuel cell using acidic wastewater as a fuel
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A simple and novel membraneless paper-based microfluidic fuel cell was presented in this study. The occurrence of laminar flow was employed to ensure no mixing of the fuel and oxidant fluids along the bath of reaction. The acidic wastewater was used as a fuel. It was an air-breathing cell, so air and tab water were used as oxidants. Both the fuel and tab water flowed continuously under gravity. Whatman filter paper was used for preparation of the fuel cell channel and two carbon fibre electrodes were used and firmed on the edges of the cell. The performance of the cell was examined over three consecutive days. The results indicated that the present cell has the potential to generate electric power, but an extensive study is required to harv

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