Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) versus misoprostol used to induce labour for overdue pregnancy.
Setting: A prospective randomized clinical study conducted at AL-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2008.
Method: One hundred and fifty women with over due pregnancy (past date and posterm pregnancy) referred for induction of labour with Bishop scores <_ 5 were randomly allocated to receive either forty mg isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) tablet as a single vaginal dose (n=75) or fifty mcg misoprostol vaginally (n=75) every six hrs for a maximum of three doses. Amniotomy and/or oxytocin infusion is considered when Bishop scores frankly progressed (augmentation) or used when no improvement achieved after 24 hour (induction). Adverse effects of medications, induction - delivery interval, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis.
Results: Isosorbide mononitrate was associated with less adverse effects than misoprostol especially regarding uterine tachysystol (0 with isosorbide mononitrate vs 12% with misoprostol, P<0.01) and hyperstimulation (0 with isosorbide mononitrate vs 16% with misoprostol, p<0.01) but the induction - delivery interval with isosorbide mononitrate group was significantly longer compared with misoprostol (26.3±7.3hrs vs 15.4±5.4 hrs , p<0.01). Oxytocin was added to 70 women (93.3%) used isosorbide mononitrate while to 15 women (20%) used misoprostol (p<0.001). Caesarean rate was not significantly different between the two groups, but the indications were different, dystocia is the major cause (73.3%) with isosorbide mononitrate while persistent non-assuring fetal heart rate pattern (64%) in the misoprostol group.
Conclusion: Cervical ripening and induction of labour using isosorbide mononitrate resulted in fewer adverse effects but it was less effective than misoprostol.
An aircraft's landing stage involves inherent hazards and problems associated with many factors, such as weather, runway conditions, pilot experiences, etc. The pilot is responsible for selecting the proper landing procedure based on information provided by the landing console operator (LCO). Given the likelihood of human decisions due to errors and biases, creating an intelligent system becomes important to predict accurate decisions. This paper proposes the fuzzy logic method, which intends to handle the uncertainty and ambiguity inherent in the landing phase, providing intelligent decision support to the pilot while reducing the workload of the LCO. The fuzzy system, built using the Mamdani approach in MATLAB software, considers critical
... Show MoreRecently, all over the world mechanism of cloud computing is widely acceptable and used by most of the enterprise businesses in order increase their productivity. However there are still some concerns about the security provided by the cloud environment are raises. Thus in this our research project, we are discussing over the cloud computing paradigm evolvement for the large business applications like CRM as well as introducing the new framework for the secure cloud computing using the method of IT auditing. In this case our approach is basically directed towards the establishment of the cloud computing framework for the CRM applications with the use of checklists by following the data flow of the CRM application and its lifecycle. Those ch
... Show MoreCorpus linguistics is a methodology in studying language through corpus-based research. It differs from a traditional approach in studying a language (prescriptive approach) in its insistence on the systematic study of authentic examples of language in use (descriptive approach).A “corpus” is a large body of machine-readable structurally collected naturally occurring linguistic data, either written texts or a transcription of recorded speech, which can be used as a starting-point of linguistic description or as a means of verifying hypotheses about a language. In the past decade, interest has grown tremendously in the use of language corpora for language education. The ways in which corpora have been employed in language pedago
... Show MoreCloud computing provides huge amount of area for storage of the data, but with an increase of number of users and size of their data, cloud storage environment faces earnest problem such as saving storage space, managing this large data, security and privacy of data. To save space in cloud storage one of the important methods is data deduplication, it is one of the compression technique that allows only one copy of the data to be saved and eliminate the extra copies. To offer security and privacy of the sensitive data while supporting the deduplication, In this work attacks that exploit the hybrid cloud deduplication have been identified, allowing an attacker to gain access to the files of other users based on very small hash signatures of
... Show MoreThe nature of the dark sector of the Universe remains one of the outstanding problems in modern cosmology, with the search for new observational probes guiding the development of the next generation of observational facilities. Clues come from tension between the predictions from Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) and observations of gravitationally lensed galaxies. Previous studies showed that galaxy clusters in the ΛCDM are not strong enough to reproduce the observed number of lensed arcs. This work aims to constrain the warm dark matter (WDM) cosmologies by means of the lensing efficiency of galaxy clusters drawn from these alternative models. The lensing characteristics of two samples of simulated clusters in the Λ warm dark matter and ΛCDM
... Show MoreThis current study aims to:
1st: The recognizing of Alexithymia level for 6th grade students (Study Specimen) through the next Zero Hypothesis:1. There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) level between the arithmetic mean of the specimen degrees as a whole and the central assumption for the scale of the lack in emotions expression
2. There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) level between the arithmetic mean of the male students specimen and the arithmetic meanc of the female students specimen for the scale of Alexithymia.
2nd: ldentification the level of the emotional intelligence among 6th grade students (Study Specimen) through the next Zero Hypothesis:
1) There are no statistically si
This paper presents on the design of L-Band Multiwavelength laser for Hybrid Time Division Multiplexing/ Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TDM/WDM) Passive Optical Network (PON) application. In this design, an L-band Mulltiwavelength Laser is designed as the downstream signals for TDM/WDM PON. The downstream signals ranging from 1569.865 nm to 1581.973 nm with 100GHz spacing. The multiwavelength laser is designed using OptiSystem software and it is integrated into a TDM/WDM PON that is also designed using OptiSystem simulation software. By adapting multiwavelength fiber laser into a TDM/WDM network, a simple and low-cost downstream signal is proposed. From the simulation design, it is found that the proposed design is suitable to be used
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