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Breast Feeding and Mothers Employment
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Background: An important factor influencing duration of breastfeeding is mother’s employment status. The nutritional, immunological, psychological and economic benefits of breastfeeding are well documented. Both UNICEF and the World Health Organization recommend mothers should breastfeed exclusively for at least 6 months.
Objectives: To determine how the employment and the employment variables (type of work, time of return to work and hours of work) influence the breast feeding practices.
Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out on a sample of 200 employed mothers who had their last child been completed at least tow years. Data were collected using a questionnaire form. It was carried out during the period from 1st of April to 1st of September, 2000, in Baghdad city/ AL-Risafa in 6 different places where employed mothers of young children were expected to be found.
Results: The study revealed that the impact of employment status was noted on the breast feeding initiation time, breast feeding duration and complementary food initiation time. The majority of employed mothers (56.1%) who worked shorter hours breast-feed for longer durations and starts weaning after the fourth months of the infant’s age. The highest percentage of employed mothers (75.9%) with maternity leave of six months or more breast feed for a year or more and (66.1%) start weaning later than the fourth month of the infant’s life.
Conclusions: The study recognizes that employed mothers who worked shorter hours and mothers with longer maternity leaves breast feed for longer durations and start weaning later than mothers who worked long hours and mothers with shorter maternity leaves. It was concluded that most work-places lack accommodations to support breast-feeding.

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 24 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Legal Controls for Transfer and Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues in Sultanate of Oman- Reality and Hope
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This study ideals with the Omani legal regulations of transferring and transplanting human organs and tissues in light of the Minister of Health decree No. 179 on the year 2018. As the last update, article 27 in 2019 has prohibited conducting such operations unless permission from the Minister of Health is obtained. In the absence of a further law update until the completion of writing the research, we intend to analyze and study some of the current provisions for the transfer and transplantation of human organs and tissues, compared to the legislative trends of some related laws. To achieve this, we divided the study into three sections; the first section introduces the historical development of the legislator criminal policy in regulat

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Publication Date
Thu May 17 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Physiochemical and Antibacterial Studies of Two Tetradentate Ligands Type (N2O2) and Their Complexes withCoII, NiII and ZnII Ions
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   Two tetradentate ligands type (N2O2) and their complexes with CoII, NiII and ZnII ions were synthesized via two steps; in the first, the precursors W1 and W2 were synthesized from the reaction of  2,6-diamine pyridine or 2,4-diamine tolylene with 2,5-hexanedione respectively in a 2:1 mole ratio. In the second step the ligands [H2L1] and [H2L2] were prepared from the reaction of the two precursor’s with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde in 1:2 mole ratio. Metal complexes were synthesized by the reaction of the ligands with equivalent amounts of the metal chloride. The prepared compounds were characterized with the

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 17 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effect of Water Stress and Hydrogen Peroxide and Potassium on the Growth and Yield of (Zea mays L.)
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An experiment was conducted in the field, Department of field crops , College of Agriculture , University of Baghdad during fall season 2011. To study the effect of interaction of water stress and hydrogen peroxide and potassium on the growth and yield of maize plant cultivar Bohooth 106. It Included the study of three levels of water stresses of 40 , 60 and 80% of the available water , (D1 , D2 and D3) respectively, three levels of hydrogen peroxide of concentrations (0 , 15 and 30 Mm), and foliar application of potassium at the concentration of 3000 mg K. L-1 K2SO4 and without applied potassium.. Split – Split with RCBD design with three replications were used. The levels of water stresses occupied the main plots , potassium lev

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 03 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Synthesis, Spectral of Azo Dyes Complexes with Ni (II) and Cu (II) and Their Industrial and Bacteriological Application
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Azo dye ligand was produced by coupling the diazonium salt of 4aminoantipyrine with 2, 4-dimethylphenol. The structure of 1 azo compound was someone by elemental analyses, HNMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic mechanics. Metal complexes of nickel (II) and copper (II) have been performed and depicted. The formation of complexes has been identified by using flame atomic absorption, (C.H.N) Analysis, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral process as well as, conductivity and magnetic properties quantifications. The nature of the complexes formed were studied succeed the mole ratio and continuous variation methods, Beer's law followed over a concentration 4 4 scope (1×10- - 3×10- M). High molar absorbtivity of the complex solutions were observed. Analytica

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 12 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Thiazine , Azetidine and Thiazolidine Compounds Containing 1,3,4Thiadiazole Moiety And Their Antibacterial Study
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     2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole [I] were prepared by the cyclization of thiosemecarbazide with carbon disulphide and anhydrous  sodium carbonate in ethanol as a solvent. The reaction of compound [I] with alkyl halides yielded 2- amino-5-thioalkyl-1,3,4- thiadiazole [II] and [III] . Compound [II] and [III] were reacted with different aromatic aldehydes to yieled 2-[(substituted benzyliden ) amino] -5- thioalkyl-1,3,4- thiadiazole [IV]a-c , [V]a-d and [VI]a-d .  Schiff ,s bases [IV]a-c , [V]a-d and [VI]a-d  were found to react with  2mercapto benzoic acid in the triethyl amine to give 3-[ 5-( alkylthio) -1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl] 2,3- dihydro- 2- (aryl) benzo [e] [1,3] thiazine -4-one [VII]a-

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 07 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
U.S. occupation of Iraq and its relationship to the psychological and political culture and social among university students
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The culture of the daily necessities of life of the individual in any society, whether advanced or simple, and the concept of multiple aspects of culture, including what is culture and education there holds that art is culture, and there are those who are classified according to human societies .. Some also go to it is not related to the study and learning .. And has been Iraq as a symbol of Arab culture, but they declined because of what passed by political crises and social in its modern history, and aims Current search to study culture psychological, political and social among the students of the university after the U.S. occupation of Iraq, the researcher prepared a questionnaire and after hold the appropriate statistical met

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Structural and Optical Properties of Hydrogenated and Nitrogenated a-Si0.1Ge0.9 and a-Si0.1Ge0.9:3% B Thin Films
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It is shown that pure and 3% boron doped a-Si0.1Ge0.9:H and a-Si0.1Ge0.9:N thin films
could be prepared by flash evaporation processes. The hydrogenation and nitrogenation
are very successful in situ after depositing the films. The FT-IR analysis gave all the
known absorbing bonds of hydrogen and nitrogen with Si and Ge.
Our data showed a considerable effect of annealing temperature on the structural and
optical properties of the prepared films. The optical energy gap (Eopt.) of a-Si0.1Ge0.9
samples showed to have significant increase with annealing temperature (Ta) also the
refractive index and the real part of dielectric constant increases with Ta, however the
extinction coefficient and imaginary part of dielect

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 03 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (case report) Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (prolonged QT interval and hearing loss)
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Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (congenital LQTS and hearing loss) isa rare inherited disorder characterized by deafness present at birth (congenital) occurring in association with abnormalities affecting the electrical system of the heart , Iron-deficient anemia and elevated levels of gastrin are also frequent features of JLNS1. The severity of cardiac symptoms associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome varies from case to case. Some individuals may have no apparent symptoms (asymptomatic); others may develop abnormally increased heartbeats (tachyarrhythmias) resulting in episodes of syncope, cardiac arrest, and potentially sudden death. Physical activity, excitement or stress may trigger the onset of these symptoms. Jervell

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis and Identification of New Azolidine-4-one Derived from Creatinine and Study their Anticancer and Antioxidant Effects
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     Creatinine and Schiff`s bases are well known for their diverse range of biological activities and are thought to be emerging and useful therapeutic targets for the treatment of several diseases. The present work was aimed at the synthesis of new imidazolidine-4-one, thiazolidine-4-one, and oxazolidine-4-one derivatives derived from creatinine and to illustrate their influence on a colon cancer cell line and assess their antioxidant activity. Creatinine was reacted with α-chloroethyl acetate to produce 2-ethyl acetate creatinine 1. Then, the reaction of compound  1 with n-propyl bromide afforded N-propyl-2-ethylacetate creatinine 2. Compound 2

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 29 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Prodigiosin Pigment and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
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This study focused on the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), using prodigiosin pigment produced by Serratia marcescens. The effect of parameters such as pH, temperature, time, with various concentrations of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and prodigiosin on the synthesis of AgNPs were also studied.  Optimized results of the biosynthesis process revealed an increase in the intensity of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) bands of nanoparticles with shifting at the wavelength of 400 nm. In addition, optimum synthesis of AgNPs was achieved at pH 12, temperature 55℃, and reaction time 24 h, with concentrations of prodigiosin, as a reducing agent, of 12.5 µg/ml and silver ion concentration of 1 mM. Measuremen

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