Background: Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent primary malignant tumor of bone. It is considered relatively an uncommon tumor. Generally it is not common for chondrosarcoma to attend huge size; however, one type was described as mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of low grade cartilaginous cells, with female predominance which can grow to exceptionally large size. Case Presentation: We report a case of Chondrosarcoma, in 30 years old woman of 4 years duration, with a huge mass (weighted 16 Kg) and roughly measured 40x30 x20cm, around the right shoulderInvestigations: Repeated MRI of the shoulder and trunk revealed a clear plane of cleavage between the tumor mass and the chest and abdominal walls and absence of invasion of the abdomen. Ultra sonography revealed clear abdominal cavity and CT of the chest revealed clear lungs of any metastasis.Treatment: A right forequarter amputation accomplished successfully and the whole tumor with the right upper extremity in one mass was removed.Outcome and Follow-up: The post operative period was uneventful. The pathological examination is consistent with well differentiated chondrosarcoma.Conclusions: It was difficult to decide whether the tumor was a primary or secondary; because of poor clinical history and her reluctance to seek medical advice, she is living in a small town 50 km south of Baghdad and there is good medical services in her area; this could reflects the social and psychological attitude towards amputation of a limb as a treatment.
The present paper focuses on the nature of the different interactions between cometary nucleus and tail with solar wind. The dynamics of the comet will impose many features that provide unique behavior of the comet when entering the solar system. These features are reviewed in this paper and few investigations are made. The calculations made in this work represent the analysis and interpretation of the different features of the comet, such as perihelion and eccentricity dependence on the gas production rate, and the dependence of the latter on the composition of the comet nucleus. The dependences of the heliocentric, bow shock, contact surface, and stand-off distances with gas production rate for many types of comets that cover linear and n
... Show MoreIn this paper, various aspects of smart grids are described. These aspects include the components of smart grids, the detailed functions of the smart energy meters within the smart grids and their effects on increasing the awareness, the advantages and disadvantages of smart grids, and the requirements of utilizing smart grids. To put some light on the difference between smart grids and traditional utility grids, some aspects of the traditional utility grids are covered in this paper as well.
GaN thin films were deposited by thermal evaporation onto
glass substrates at substrate temperature of 403 K and a thickness of
385 nm . GaN films have amorphous structure as shown in X-ray
diffraction pattern . From absorbance data within the range ( 200-
900 ) nm direct optical energy gap was calculated . Also the others
optical parameters like transmittance T, reflectance R , refractive
index n , extinction coefficient k , real dielectric constant 1 Î , and
imaginary dielectric constant 2 Î were determined . GaN films
have good absorbance and minimum transmittance in the region of
the visible light .
This study aims to reach the right of governorates that are not organized in a region to impose local legislation, including tax legislation, and the extent of the constitutionality of this legislation and its consistency with constitutional texts and legal rules. The imposition of local taxes finds its constitutional and legal basis in the Iraqi constitution for the year 2005 and the law of governorates not organized in a region.The imposition of local taxes corresponds to the principle of tax legality, which is reflected in the necessity of issuing tax laws from a competent authority, whether this authority is federal, regional or local. Rather, it is sufficient that it be competent
This Book is intended to be a textbook studied for undergraduate course in financial statistics/ department of Financial Sciences and Banking. This book is designed to be used in semester system. To achieve the goals of the book, it is divided into the following chapters. Chapter one introduces basic concepts. Chapter two devotes to frequency distribution and data representation. Chapter three discusses central tendency measures (all types of means, mode, and median). Chapter four deals with dispersion Measures (standard deviation, variance, and coefficient of variation). Chapter five concerned with correlation and regression analysis. While chapter six concerned with testing Hypotheses (One population mean test, Two "independent" populati
... Show MoreTransport layer is responsible for delivering data to the appropriate application process on the host computers. The two most popular transport layer protocols are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP is considered one of the most important protocols in the Internet. UDP is a minimal message-oriented Transport Layer protocol. In this paper we have compared the performance of TCP and UDP on the wired network. Network Simulator (NS2) has been used for performance Comparison since it is preferred by the networking research community. Constant bit rate (CBR) traffic used for both TCP and UDP protocols.
In this study, we review the ARIMA (p, d, q), the EWMA and the DLM (dynamic linear moodelling) procedures in brief in order to accomdate the ac(autocorrelation) structure of data .We consider the recursive estimation and prediction algorithms based on Bayes and KF (Kalman filtering) techniques for correlated observations.We investigate the effect on the MSE of these procedures and compare them using generated data.
The power of advertising is immense. Producers of commercial goods and services routinely pour vast sums into promoting their wares through the advertising media, knowing that a successful campaign can win them vital market share , and that failure to advertise effectively can have devastating results . The function of advertising is promotional ; to draw our attention. In order to achieve this function it must reach its target audience , then capture that audience with a message that is both attractive and memorable.
From a linguistic point of view, the language of advertising must be informative, instructive , distinctive and persuasive . It must employ&nb
... Show MoreVolumetric chemical adsorption was done in a volumetric apparatus using hydrogen gas at room temperature on eleven platinum catalyst, commercial catalysts (RG-412,RG-402 ,RG-432, RG-451, RG-482, and PS-10) and prepared platinum catalysts with 0.1, 0.2 , 0.45 , and 0.55% by weight of Pt supported with Y-alumina. The results show that the metal crystallite area increases with increasing platinum content. The dispersion and particle size of metal crystallite located between 48.2-96.1% and 3.85-12.72 nm, respectively. For bimetallic catalysts, the hydrogen intake decrease in the following order : Re < Sn < Ir.