Background: Quality of life in brain tumor patients is an emerging issue and has prompted neurosurgeons to recon¬sider the need for cognitive assessment in the course of treatment. To date there has been a lack of comprehensive neuropsychological assessment performed preoperatively and in the acute postoperative period in our hospitals.Objectives: to establish the effects of tumors and their surgical treatment, from a neuropsychological perspective, on cognitive functioning in patients with cerebral Gliomas. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in the Neurosurgical Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, during the period from January 1999 to January 2001. Any patient admitted during the period of the study with clinical history, signs, symptoms, and contrast enhanced MRI suggesting a cerebral glioma and confirmed by postoperative histopathological results of glioma has been included in this study. While multifocal lesions, long-lasting epilepsy, use of antiepileptic therapy, multiple cranial lesions, previous cranial surgery, any chronic illness, and histopathological result of other tumors were exclusion criteria. All patients were at their first operation for brain tumors. Patients were examined by analyzing several functional domains (intelligence, executive functions, memory, language, praxis, gnosis and mood state) in order to establish the effect of tumor and surgery on cognition.Results: 29 patients who fulfilled the selection criteria were included. Mean duration of clinical history was 5 months (range 1–9 months). At baseline, using test- and domain-based criteria, 79% and 38% of patients, respectively, were impaired, the former related to tumor factors such as edema (P < 0.05), larger size (P < 0.05) and higher grade (P = 0.001). Verbal memory, visuospatial memory and word fluency were the most frequently affected functions, partly associated with depression. Postoperatively, 38% and 55% of patients, respectively, were unchanged, 24% and 21% improved, and 38% and 24% worsened; 24% and 62% of patients were intact, respec-tively.Conclusions: The extent of removal did not influence the outcome. Improvement involved previously impaired functions and was correlated with high-grade tumors. Worsening regar¬ded executive functions was related to tumor size and was partly explained by radiological findings on postoperative MRI. This prospective study, focusing on the effects of tumor and surgery, showed that tumor significantly affects cognitive func¬tions, mainly due to the mass effect and higher grading. Surgical treatment improved the functions most frequently affected preoperatively and caused worsening of execu¬tive functions soon after operation, leaving the overall cognitive burden unchanged and capable of improvement prospectively.
In this article, the research presents a general overview of deep learning-based AVSS (audio-visual source separation) systems. AVSS has achieved exceptional results in a number of areas, including decreasing noise levels, boosting speech recognition, and improving audio quality. The advantages and disadvantages of each deep learning model are discussed throughout the research as it reviews various current experiments on AVSS. The TCD TIMIT dataset (which contains top-notch audio and video recordings created especially for speech recognition tasks) and the Voxceleb dataset (a sizable collection of brief audio-visual clips with human speech) are just a couple of the useful datasets summarized in the paper that can be used to test A
... Show More
(2)
(1)
(9)
In this article, performing and deriving te probability density function for Rayleigh distribution is done by using ordinary least squares estimator method and Rank set estimator method. Then creating interval for scale parameter of Rayleigh distribution. Anew method using is used for fuzzy scale parameter. After that creating the survival and hazard functions for two ranking functions are conducted to show which one is beast.
(5)
(2)
In this paper a dynamic behavior and control of a jacketed continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) is developed using different control strategies, conventional feedback control (PI and PID), and neural network (NARMA-L2, and NN Predictive) control. The dynamic model for CSTR process is described by a first order lag system with dead time.
The optimum tuning of control parameters are found by two different methods; Frequency Analysis Curve method (Bode diagram) and Process Reaction Curve using the mean of Square Error (MSE) method. It is found that the Process Reaction Curve method is better than the Frequency Analysis Curve method and PID feedback controller is better than PI feedback controller.
The results s
... Show More
(1)
(1)
Shiranish Formation (Late Campanian- Maastrichtian) that cropping out north east Iraq, is studied by microfacies analysis of 52 thin section collected from Hijran Section, about 10 km west Shaqlawa Town, Governorate of Erbil. According to petrography, mineralogy and organic contents, rocks are subdivided to crystalline carbonate and microfacies units (biowackstone, packstone, and mudstone facies). Biowackstone facies have high ratio of the rock components, while the other facies have low ratio. Microfacies analysis led to relatively quiet deep marine environment.
(4)
(3)
Dietary components and changes cause shifts in the gastrointestinal microbial ecology that can play a role in animal health and a wide range of diseases. However, most information about the microbial populations in the gut of horses has not been quantitative. The objective of this study was to characterize the fecal bacterial and its prevalence in healthy horses and diarrheal one in a period from September 2010 to July 2013. Out of 100 Fecal samples of horses (from farms in Al-furusyia club) in Baghdad were examined for microbial differentiation founded eighty percent of the fecal samples isolated from healthy horses. The most common pathogen found were Streptococcus spp. (33.7%), Escherichia coli (20.9%), , and Staphylococcus aureus (9.2
... Show MoreThe thermoelectric power as a function of temperature for the Iron-Manganese-Aluminum, Fe-Mn-Al, alloys for manganese concentrations 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10 and 0.20 have been investigated in the temperature range 300 K. to 500 K. these results showed that the thermoelectric power coefficient in hot probe measurements showed that the electrons are the majority charge carriers in these alloys.
This paper presents the theoretical and experimental results of drilling high density
polyethylene sheet with thickness of 1 mm using millisecond Nd:YAG pulsed laser. Effects of laser
parameters including laser energy, pulse duration and peak power were investigated. To describe and
understand the mechanism of the drilling process Comsol multiphysics package version 4.3b was used to
simulate the process. Both of the computational and experimental results indicated that the drilling
process has been carried out successfully and there are two phases introduced in the drilling process,
vaporization and melting. Each portion of these phases depend on the laser parameters used in the
drilling process