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The Combination Effect of Lidocaine, Ketamine and Atracurium in Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
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Background: intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA) is an effective method of producing anaesthesia of the extremities. Disadvantages are the rapid loss of anaesthesia after the deflation of the tourniquet and the rapid development of postoperative pain. It is important to search for agents with longer durations of action, better nerve fibre selectivity, lesser degrees of motor blockade and lower incidences of systemic toxicity.Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate and compare the clinical effects of intravenous regional anaesthesia, with lidocaine alone, or in a combination with ketamine and atracurium for better analgesia, and to examine the possible clinical advantages of using muscle relaxants (i.e., atracurium) with intravenous regional anaesthesia.Methods: In prospective, randomized study, sixty patient ASA physical status I, aged 20-50years underwent surgeries on distal regions of upper limbs, patient assigned randomly into 3 groups each of 20 patients, group I received 30ml of 0.5% lidocaine (150mg), group II received 30ml of mixing 0.5% of lidocaine (100mg) plus 30mg ketamine, while group III received 30ml of mixing 0.5% lidocaine (100mg) plus 30mg ketamine plus 2mg atracurium. All the results were tabulated and analyzed statistically with student's unpaired t-test and chi-square test. Results: Addition of 30mg of ketamine to 0.5% lidocaine resulted in rapid onset of sensory block, motor block, and lower visual analogue scale scores for pain compared with the group that received lidocaine only. The addition of atracurium to the combination of lidocaine and ketamine resulted in improved operating conditions and rapid onset of both sensory and motor blocks with less pain during surgery.Conclusions: drug combination of ketamine, atracurium and low dose of lidocaine lead to rapid onset of sensory block, motor block, lower VAS score for pain, and decrease adverse effect of Bier’s block accompany lidocaine alone, decrease drowsiness which accompany ketamine use alone in IVRA

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 19 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Theoretical Study of the Effect of Permeability Tensor upon Drainage of Soils
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the influence of permeability tensor upon drainage of anisotropic soils under ponded water and steady recharge (rainfall) is theoretically investigated. Tensorial permeability has led to the formulation of mixed type partial differential equations. Since there is no analytical solution to this problem, the formulation is therefore solved numerically by the method of finite elements. The finite element formulation is implemented into a computer model which can be applied to any problem of seepage under steady state
conditions. Two different example problems representing two different flow conditions under full anisotropy have been studied. Results of the model for the isotropic case were checked against exact mathematical solutions de

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
EFFECT OF EXPRESSION OF TAFAZZIN (TAZ) ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERVICAL CARCINOMA
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: Cervical cancer representsone of the possibly preventable cancer. The study was designed to find the possible correlation of Tafazzin on the progression of cervical carcinoma. Two groups of paraffinized blocks were included. The study group of 30 cervical tumors as well as 15 biopsies of healthy cervical tissues. After sectioning on a positive charge, immunohistochemical application (IHC) was performed to detect Tafazzin expression. Nighnty percentage (27 out of 30) of the studies group showed positive overexpression as shown in with a significant association of the expression with cervical cancer with a significant association. There is a possible role of TAZ in hastening the development of cervical cancer through different mechanisms. F

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Scopus
Publication Date
Thu Jan 22 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effect of nutritional status on arch width and length of primary teeth among five years old kindergarten children
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Background: In human life, malnutrition may adversely affect various aspects of growth at different stages of life. Teeth are particularly sensitive to malnutrition. Malnutrition may affect odontometeric measurement involving arch width and length of primary dentition. The aim of this study is to estimate the effect of nutrition on arch width and length dimension measurements among children aged 5 years old. Material and methods: This study was conducted among malnourished group in comparison to well-nourished group matching with age and gender. The present study included 158 children aged 5 years (78 malnourished and 80 well-nourished). The assessment of nutritional status was done by using three nutritional indicators, namely Height-for-a

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of alcohol and hot aqueous extracts for Leaves of Adhatodavasicaon the 1st larval instars ofMuscadomestica L.(Diptera: Muscidae)
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The present study aimed to investigate the effects of alcohol and hot aqueous extracts for leaves of Adhatoda vasica on, first larval instars Musca domestica. They were exposed to the suggested concentrations of alcoholic extract which were (500, 1000, 1500, 2000) PPM while the suggested concentrations of the hot aqueous extracts (500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500)PPM. The alcoholic (Methanol) extract of leaves was much effective on to killing the first larval instars of the M. domestica than hot aqueous extract.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 26 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Experimental Study of the Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Injection Timing on Emitted Emissions at Idle Period
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Abstract

Heavy-duty diesel vehicle idling consumes fossil fuel and reduces atmospheric quality at idle period, but its restriction cannot simply be proscribed. A comprehensive tailpipe emissions database to describe idling impacts is not yet available. This paper presents a substantial data set that incorporates results from DI multi-cylinders Fiat diesel engine. Idle emissions of CO, hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), smoke opacity, carbon dioxide (CO2) and noise have been reported, when three EGR ratios (10, 20 and 30%) were added to suction manifold.

CO2 concentrations increased with increasing idle time and engine idle speed, but it didn’t show clear effect for IT adva

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 28 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Soft Toss Machine Training on Some Kinematic Variables and backhand accuracy of Tennis Players U16 years
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The importance of the research is evident in the use of exercises with the training device, which is one of the modern techniques in teaching the abilities of players, especially in teaching the skill of the backhand, and in improving the accuracy of the performance of players and increasing the contribution to the formation of a base for the game for players who have a good level of learning and upgrading the game to reach a certain achievement, and the research issue was represented in the lack of accuracy in sending balls to the required areas to achieve points, especially in the performance of the skill of the backhand due to the speed of play during the course of the match, and the study aimed to introduce modern technology usi

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Spe Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference And Exhibition
Effect of nanoparticles on the interfacial tension of CO2-oil system at high pressure and temperature: An experimental approach
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In the recent decade, injection of nanoparticles (NPs) into underground formation as liquid nanodispersions has been suggested as a smart alternative for conventional methods in tertiary oil recovery projects from mature oil reservoirs. Such reservoirs, however, are strong candidates for carbon geo-sequestration (CGS) projects, and the presence of nanoparticles (NPs) after nanofluid-flooding can add more complexity to carbon geo-storage projects. Despite studies investigating CO2 injection and nanofluid-flooding for EOR projects, no information was reported about the potential synergistic effects of CO2 and NPs on enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CGS concerning the interfacial tension (γ) of CO2-oil system. This study thus extensively inves

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2007
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effect of Time and Corrosion Products Formation on Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel Pipe Under Turbulent Flow Conditions
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The effect of time (or corrosion products formation) on corrosion rates of carbon steel pipe in aerated 0.1N NaCl
solution under turbulent flow conditions is investigated. Tests are conducted using electrochemical polarization
technique by determining the limiting current density of oxygen reduction in Reynolds number range of 15000 to 110000
and temperature range of 30 to 60oC. The effect of corrosion products formation on the friction factor is studied and
discussed. Corrosion process is analyzed as a mass transfer operation and the mass transfer theory is employed to
express the corrosion rate. The results are compared with many proposed models particularly those based on the
concept of analogy among momentum, heat,

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 03 2024
Journal Name
Functional Foods In Health And Disease
A comparative study of the effect of extracts extracted from Ocimum basilicum leaves using organic extract and essential oil
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Background: Medicinal plants that possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties have garnered significant attention for their role in maintaining food quality, improving safety, and impeding spoilage. They also can aid in controlling food contamination risks and augmenting the nutritional value of foods. Objective: The study aimed to obtain botanical extracts possessing antimicrobial capabilities and use them to inhibit the growth of molds and yeasts. Additionally, these extracts are aimed at prolonging product shelf life by harnessing their antioxidant attributes. Methods: Several microorganisms, including E. coli and Pseudomonas, were subjected to testing. Ethanolic alcohol, chloroform, and essential oil extracts were prepared;

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 15 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of plasma treatment on the bond of soft denture liner to conventional and high impact acrylic denture materials
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Background: The main drawback of soft lining materials was that they debonded from the denture base after a certain period of usage. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the impact of oxygen and argon plasma treatment on the shear bonding strength of soft liners to two different kinds of denture base materials: conventional acrylic resin and high impact acrylic resin. Materials and Methods: Heat cure conventional and high impact acrylic blocks (40 for each group) were prepared. A soft liner connected the final test specimen of two blocks of each acrylic material. Shear bond strength (SBS) was assessed using universal testing machine. Additional blocks were also prepared for analyzing Vickers microhardness, contact ang

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