Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease. It is one of the major causes of disability in developed and developing countries. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) as part of immune system has a role in the disease process.Objectives: To investigate whether there is an association between HLA class II-DRB and OA.Methods: A case control study with 26 patients with osteoarthritis and 22 apparently healthy obese control persons matching in ethnicity were enrolled in this study during the period between October 2012 till March 2013. Direct interview was done with each patient and HLA typing was done by molecular method using Sequence Specific Primer (PCR-SSP) method using One Lambda Kit-USA. Results: The results showed that females were more affected than males with disease when compared with control. Odds ratio were used to test level of significance. This study showed that HLA DR4 (DRB1*04), DR2 (DRB1*15 and DRB1*16), DR9 (DRB1*09), DR10 (DRB1*10, DRB5*, DRB4* and DRB3*) (odds ratio: 14.26, 9, 9, 9, 14.26, 9.5 and 4.5) respectively are associated with OA.Conclusions: OA is highly associated with HLA class II DR4 (DRB1*04), DR2 (DRB1*15, DRB1*16), DR9 (DRB1*09), and DR10 (DRB1*10).DR5 (DRB1*05) is not associated with OA.
The continuous pressure of work and daily life and the increasing financial and social stress that Iraqi women are experiencing (both inside and outside Iraq) is one of the main causes of anxiety, particularly in those of working class women. This group of women carry the burden of carrying out multiple roles and responsibilities at the same time. All this collectively make them more prone to developing anxiety compared to men. In addition, the physiological and psychological nature of women, as females, on top of the other roles in life, like being a wife or mother or daughter or sister, all add extra pressure on women especially for those who are considered as productive working individuals in the society. In order to study the relatio
... Show MoreDue to the impact of industrial companies on the ransformations and developments witnessed by the world in general nd Iraq in particular, especially in the industrial and economic Jonrnal spects, the liberalization of internal and external trade, and the idoption of the open market policy in Iraq, which led to the intensification of competition between industrial companies and heir products and services, and the increase and diversity of the Onumber of alternatives Available to the public on the one hand, and he diversity and change of their desires and needs on the other hand, which was reflected in the reality of those companies and heir products or services, especially in light of the great challenges facing companies and the deteriorat
... Show MoreThe research current ( features tendency cosmic in contemporary Iraqi configuration) attempt to study the dimensions of the conceptual and philosophical foundations upon which the tendency of cosmic within the period that extended its influence beyond the place where I grew up to be circulated concepts in all parts of the world, it is no doubt that the world is now heading to rapprochement after the tremendous developments in the field of communication technology and reflected heavily on identity concepts, privacy, the concept of nation-states ... etc. to become an individual and a large area of access to other cultures, and all that aroused the interest of contemporary Iraqi artist this interest arising from the desire to keep up with d
... Show MoreThe current research (technical mediator in contemporary Iraqi painting) dealt with the concept of technical mediator in contemporary arts and its role in the qualitative transformation in art, the diversity of discoveries in technical media that artists use in their artistic achievement, and the extent of their impact on contemporary Iraqi painting, where the research problem was identified (what is The nature and role of technical media in showing works in contemporary Iraqi painting) and (What are the intellectual and aesthetic concepts of media and techniques as references for contemporary art in Iraq). The second topic dealt with technical media and their impact on the plastic arts, and the third topic focused on the technical med
... Show MoreAwsaj (Lycium barbarum) is a plant belong to family Solanaceae serves as a good source of bioactive compounds like phytosterols which have many important biological activity. Literature survey available so far revealed that there was no studies about Iraqi wild Awsaj phytosterols especially B-sitosterol, there for the objective of this study was to examine the efficiency of ultrasound assisted extraction (probe and bath) as compared to the conventional (Soxhlet) extraction method for extraction of phytosterols especially B-sitosterol from fruits, leaves, stems and roots of Iraqi wild Awsaj plant. This goal was achieved by comparing the extraction mass yield, also by a quick and easy approach for identification and quantification of bioac
... Show MoreObjective(s): The study aims at evaluating pregnancy-related health behaviors for pregnant women, and to identify the association between pregnancy-related health behaviors and their demographic characteristics of pregnant woman’s age, education, employment, residential area and monthly income.
Methodology: A descriptive study is carried out for the period from December 14th, 2020 to June 20th, 2021. This study was conducted through a non-probability (convenience) sample of 150 pregnant women attending, Abo Ghareeb primary health care sector in Abo Ghareeb spend. The sample has been collected by using the instrument to gather data and accomplish the study's objectives. A questionnaire is composed of (29) items and it is divided into
That writing about the Iraqi Museum, within this context that comes second only to the Egyptian Museum , in terms of the establishment , not least his affair in terms of the historical value of the effects that represent the civilization of Iraq and his history of the old , which stretches for thousands of years until it became a landmark and cultural landmarks the city of Baghdad salient .
The motive for the study of the subject of the Iraqi Museum upbringing and development until 1963 , we did not find a study documented by the independent research except for studies that are specialized to study the ancient history of Iraq and its effects was the outcome of efforts exploration missions archaeological that stretched across decades o
In developing countries, individual students and researchers are not able to afford the high price of the subscription to the international publishers, like JSTOR, ELSEVIER,…; therefore the governments and/or universities of those countries aim to purchase one global subscription to the international publishers to provide their educational resources at a cheaper price, or even freely, to all students and researchers of those institutions. For realizing this concept, we must build a system that sits between the publishers and the users (students or researchers) and act as a gatekeeper and a director of information: this system must register its users and must have an adequate security to e
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