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Time-Trend Analysis of Bladder Cancer and its Association with Bilhariziasis in Egypt
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Background: Both bladder cancer and schistosomiasis are endemic in Egypt. The former has a unique epidemiological pattern, which has been linked to bladder infestation by Schistosoma. The last decades have witnessed a great reduction in the infection rate of schistosomiasis and a decline in the incidence and changes in the patterns of bladder cancer. Whether these changes are linked to each other or a co-incidence is a subject of investigations.

Method: Literature on epidemiological data of bladder cancer and Schistosoma in Egypt was searched for in Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Furthermore, a hand search for literature and reports released by the Egyptian government and involved agencies was performed.

Results: Studies describe an overall reduction in Schistosoma infection rate from 80% in 1920s to 1.2% in 2006. Studies on bladder cancer epidemiology, on the other hand, agree on a decline in incidence and changes in the pattern, but differ in figures describing the magnitude of these changes. Many studies tried to ling the changes in Schistosoma and bladder cancer patterns. The evidence for this link, however, seems to be insufficient for a cause-and-effect relationship.

Conclusion: The relationship between the reduction in schistosomiasis infection rate and the changes in bladder-cancer epidemiological pattern in Egypt cannot be overlooked, but needs to be proved by more reliable evidence like prospective studies that include local health facilities and tertiary cancer centers.

Objective: explore the possible cause-and-effect relationship between the changes in Schistosoma infection rates and incidence and patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt.

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 02 2020
Journal Name
1st International Conference In Physical Science And Advance Materials
Structural and Morphological Characteristics of Organic and Inorganic Blend Heterojunction NiPcTs/Cd
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In the present study NiPcTs, CdS thin films, and Blends of NiPcTs:CdS were prepared with 1:2 content mixing ratio of NiPcTs to CdS solutions. Cadmium chloride and thiourea were used as the essential materials for deposition CdS thin films while using organic powder of NiPcTs to deposit NiPcTs nanostructure films. The spin-coating technique was employed to fabricate the NiPcTs , CdS films and NiPcTs-CdS blend. Structural properties of films have been investigated via X-Ray diffraction(XRD),and show that thin films of NiPcTs, and CdS have monoclinic and polycrystalline hexagonal structure respectively while the blend has two polycrystalline structure with cubic and hexagonal phases. Atomic force microscope (AFM) confirmed that the surf

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2004
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
A Simple Method for Studying Crushability and Grindability of Rocks and Minerals
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 20 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Simulation and Modelling of Electricity Usage Control and Monitoring System using ThingSpeak
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Renewable energy technology is growing fast especially photovoltaic (PV) system to move the conventional electricity generation and distribution towards smart grid. However, similar to monthly electricity bill, the PV energy producers can only monitor their energy PV generation once a month. Any malfuntion in PV system components may reduce the performance of the system without notice. Thus, developing a real-time monitoring system of PV production is very crucial for early detection. In addition, electricity consumption is also important to be monitored more frequently to increase energy savings awareness among consumers. Hardware based Internet-of-Thing (IoT) monitoring and control system is widely used. However, the implementation of

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Preparation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Polyaniline and Fe2O3/Polyaniline Composite Nanoparticle
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An oxidative polymerization approach was used to create polyaniline (PANI) and Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle combination. Various characterization approaches were used to investigate the structural, morphological, and Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle structures. The findings support the synthesis of polycrystalline nanoparticle PANI and Fe2O3 /PANI spherical nanoparticle composites. Gram-positive bacteria are tested for antibacterial activity. Various quantities of Nanoparticles of PANI and Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle composites were used to test Staph-aureus and gram-negative bacteria, E-coli, and candida species. PANI has antibacterial properties against all microo

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Mathematical Imaging And Vision
A New Hybrid form of Krawtchouk and Tchebichef Polynomials: Design and Application
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 21 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Knowledge, Use and Recommendation of Iraqi Pharmacist Toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine
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Over the past few decades, the global usage and applications of different kinds of complementary and alternative medicine are greatly exaggerated among the general population, this requires improving the knowledge of all health care provider including pharmacists toward proper and safe use of different complementary and alternative medicine modalities. The current study aims to assess the Iraqi pharmacists' knowledge, use, and recommendation toward complementary and alternative medicine A cross-sectional pilot survey was done on a convenient sample of Iraqi pharmacists. Data were collected using a pretested 

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and characterization of new Oxazine , Thiazine and Pyrazol derived from chalcones
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In this study, chalcones were synthesis by condensing 2-acetylpyridine with aromatic aldehyde derivatives in dilute ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution at room temperature according to Claisen-Schmidt condensation. After that, new heterocyclic derivatives such as Oxazine, Thiazine and Pyrazol were synthesis by reaction between chalcones with urea, thiourea and hydrazine hydrate respectively scheme 1. All these compounds wrer characterization by FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Detection and interpretation of clouds types using visible and infrared satellite images
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One of the most Interesting natural phenomena is clouds that have a very strong effect on the climate, weather and the earth's energy balance. Also clouds consider the key regulator for the average temperature of the plant. In this research monitoring and studying the cloud cover to know the clouds types and whether they are rainy or not rainy using visible and infrared satellite images. In order to interpret and know the types of the clouds visually without using any techniques, by comparing between the brightness and the shape of clouds in the same area for both the visible and infrared satellite images, where the differences in the contrasts of visible image are the albedo differences, while in the infrared images is the temperature d

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Lap Lambert Academic Publishing
Schiff Base And Ligand Metal Complexes of Some Amino Acids and Drug
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Schiff Base And Ligand Metal Complexes of Some Amino Acids and Drug

Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2015
Journal Name
2015 37th Annual International Conference Of The Ieee Engineering In Medicine And Biology Society (embc)
Wave speed and reflections proximal to aneurism and stenosis of flexible tubes
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Arterial aneurism and stenosis are disorders that lead to circulation malfunction. Stenosis often leads to hypoxia of the organ depending on the affected artery, whilst aneurism can lead to dissection with known lethal consequences. On both cases, the pulse wave produced by the contracting heart is reflected at these discontinuities, and estimating the size of these reflected waves using wave intensity analysis (WIA) is the main aim of this work. We also aim to measure wave speed, or pulse wave velocity (PWV) as more commonly known within the discontinuities. We manufactured 4 stenosis and 4 aneurism silicon sections, connected one at a time to a mother tube, and tested in vitro. Pressure and flow were measured proximal to the discontinuity

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