Background: The antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious and expanding health problems world -wide in the last decades. The esbl escherichia coli. (extended – spectrum beta-lactamase e.coli) represents an important aspect of it .Objectives: To get an overview on the esbl e.coli prevalence profile in general. Also to assess the antibiotic sensitivity of esbl e. coli trying to specify the most effective antibiotics in combating this micro-organism.Methods: this study tries to focus on this problem in Iraq which through a prospective study approach by taking 35 clinical samples from various sources (urine, blood, abscess, eye ,vagina ,stool and others),and after confirming the presence of e.coli, the presence of esbl e.coli and antibiotic sensitivity are confirmed by the use of Kirby - bauer method.Results: results showed that esbl e.coli constitutes 80% of the cases, while the results of antibiotic sensitivity were as follows: ampicillin 3.3% , ampicillin/sulbactam 20% , amoxi/clav 0%pipracillin/tazobactam 89.7% meropenem 96.7% ,imipenem 96.9% ,cefotaxime 0% ,ceftriaxone 11.8%,ceftazidime 16.1%,cefipime 14.3% ,cefazolin 16.1% cefoxitin 64.7%, aztreonam 14.3%,gentamycin 50% ,tobramycin 64.3%, amikacin 94.3%,ciprofloxacin 58.8% ,levofloxacin,64.5%nitrofurantoin,79.2%,trimethprimesulphamethoxazole 29.6% .Conclusion: the problem of esbl e.coli is expanding and there is a continuous demand for frequent monitoring of the new trends on antimicrobial resistance in different parts of the world in addition to trying to develop new antimicrobials to combat the new highly resistant strains .moreover there is a continuous need to educate the medical and the paramedical staff abot the risk of unjustified and improper prescription and use of antimicrobials.Key words: escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, kirby-bauer method, muller hinton agar
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, in Iraq it ranks the first among the population and the leading cause of cancer related female mortality. This study is designed to investigate the correlations between serum and tissue markers in order to clarify their role in progression or regression breast cancer. Tumor Markers are groups of substances, mainly proteins, produced from cancer cell or from other cells in the body in response to tumor. The study was carried out from April 2018 to April 2019 with total number of 60 breast cancer women. The blood samples were collected from breast cancer women in postoperative and pretherapeutic who attended teaching oncology hospital of the medical city in Baghdad and
... Show MoreGlobalization as phenomena has affected all aspects of life and reflected its impacts to the Arab world politically, economically, and culturally and became a vital field that related directly to our life. This field of searching needs as many studies and Academics as for employing the means that needed to face a national challenge which targeting the Arabic man Character in its ethics and values. This very important thing needs a very important reaction to face that challenge to protect the cultural ARABIC & ISLAMIC characteristics and to take care of education in all its levels and forms as it is an invincible fort. For that, this field has become as the priority of the studying and researches if the
... Show MoreThe research aims to identify the level of psychological pollution in Iraqi society and the significant differences in psychological pollution in the Iraqi society according to variables. A sample of (600) individuals randomly selected from all governorates of Iraq, with (285) males and (315) females was used in the current study. The researcher adopted the scale of (Muhammad, 2004) psychological pollution consisting of (118) items, which limited (46) items after modification distributed into four areas: denial and abuse of the civilized identity, attachment to foreign formal aspects, effeminacy, and anarchism. The results of the research showed that there is no statistical significance among the individuals of the research sample. They
... Show MorePluripotent stem cells (PSC) possess unlimited proliferation, self-renewal, and a differentiation capacity spanning all germ layers. Appropriate culture conditions are important for the maintenance of self-renewal, pluripotency, proliferation, differentiation, and epigenetic states. Oxygen concentrations vary across different human tissues depending on precise cell location and proximity to vascularisation. The bulk of PSC culture-based research is performed in a physiologically hyperoxic, air oxygen (21% O2) environment, with numerous reports now detailing the impact of a physiologic normoxia (physoxia), low oxygen culture in the maintenance of stemness, survival, morphology, proliferation, differentiation potential, and epigenetic
... Show MoreBackground: (ABO) Blood type have an effect on general health including oral health as salivary physicochemical characteristics differ among different type of blood and as consequence these affect the severity of dental caries. The aim of the present study is an assessment of the prevalence of caries experience among different blood type in relation to salivary physicochemical characteristic. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty females' college students in Al-Qadisyia University aged 18 years old were selected on random basis; they were divided to four groups according to their blood type, Dental experience was diagnosed and recorded according to DMFs (Mülemman, 1976) Index, this allows recording decayed lesion by severity. A su
... Show MoreThe study investigated the behaviour of asphalt concrete mixes for aggregate gradations, according to the Iraqi specification using the Bailey method designed by an Excel spreadsheet. In mixing aggregates with varying gradations (coarse and fine aggregate), The Bailey method is a systematic methodology that offers aggregate interlocking as the backbone of the framework and a controlled gradation to complete the blends. Six types of gradation are used according to the bailey method considered in this study. Two-course prepared Asphalt Concrete Wearing and Asphalt Concrete binder, the Nominal Maximum Aggregate Sizes (NMAS) of the mixtures are 19 and 12.5 mm, respectively. The total number of specimens was 240 for both layers (15 samp
... Show MoreThis study evaluated the functional response of the larva of the predator Chrysoperla carnea by offering varying densities of cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) . Results showed conformity with type–II functional response, where the number of prey killed approaches asymptote hyperbolically as prey density increases (declining proportion of prey killed or the inverse density dependent) till it reached the stability stage determined by handling time and predator satiation. Also, the values of attack rate and handling time changed with age progress for both predator and prey. It has been observed an increase in the attack rate and reduction in handling time with the progress of the predator age when feeding on a particular nymphal in
... Show MoreThe Eurasian marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus is a widespread species in Iraq. Examination of intestine of 25 marsh frogs collected in Al-Diwaniya city, middle of Iraq during the period from September to November 2014 revealed the presence of Nematotaenia dispar (Cestoda), Cosmocerca commutata and Cosmocercoides variabilis (Nematoda). Infection rates and intensity have been presented in this paper.