Background: The antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious and expanding health problems world -wide in the last decades. The esbl escherichia coli. (extended – spectrum beta-lactamase e.coli) represents an important aspect of it .Objectives: To get an overview on the esbl e.coli prevalence profile in general. Also to assess the antibiotic sensitivity of esbl e. coli trying to specify the most effective antibiotics in combating this micro-organism.Methods: this study tries to focus on this problem in Iraq which through a prospective study approach by taking 35 clinical samples from various sources (urine, blood, abscess, eye ,vagina ,stool and others),and after confirming the presence of e.coli, the presence of esbl e.coli and antibiotic sensitivity are confirmed by the use of Kirby - bauer method.Results: results showed that esbl e.coli constitutes 80% of the cases, while the results of antibiotic sensitivity were as follows: ampicillin 3.3% , ampicillin/sulbactam 20% , amoxi/clav 0%pipracillin/tazobactam 89.7% meropenem 96.7% ,imipenem 96.9% ,cefotaxime 0% ,ceftriaxone 11.8%,ceftazidime 16.1%,cefipime 14.3% ,cefazolin 16.1% cefoxitin 64.7%, aztreonam 14.3%,gentamycin 50% ,tobramycin 64.3%, amikacin 94.3%,ciprofloxacin 58.8% ,levofloxacin,64.5%nitrofurantoin,79.2%,trimethprimesulphamethoxazole 29.6% .Conclusion: the problem of esbl e.coli is expanding and there is a continuous demand for frequent monitoring of the new trends on antimicrobial resistance in different parts of the world in addition to trying to develop new antimicrobials to combat the new highly resistant strains .moreover there is a continuous need to educate the medical and the paramedical staff abot the risk of unjustified and improper prescription and use of antimicrobials.Key words: escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, kirby-bauer method, muller hinton agar
The aim of the research is to identify both the re-engineering of management processes and the strategic decision-making process in the research community and determine the nature of the correlation between the two variables and know the relationship between them to achieve the research goal. The researcher used a descriptive and analytical method. The research community consists of a group of professors and staff of the College of Education affiliated to the University of Mustansiriya in Baghdad, which their number were (45), the researcher has distributed the forms to all members of the sample, only (3) forms were excluded for invalidity and thus the number of forms approved in the analysis were (42) forms. The rese
... Show MoreFor the purpose of studying the effect of the quality of food on the growth and reproduction of crustaceans the type of Cyclops scutifer were used which ranked as the first record in Iraq and the test was bred and classification. To find out the effect of the quality of food on this type it has been selected three groups of food. The first group was chlorophyll, the second group was chlorophyll with Paramecium and the third group was chlorophyll with larvae of mosquitoes in its early stages. After collections the results and conduct statistical test (F test), the results found that the quality of food had great influence on the growth of animals and productivity the impact was clear on the stages of growth and transiti
... Show MoreSeveral efforts have been made to study the behavior of Total Electron Content (TEC) with many types of geomagnetic storm, the purpose of this research is to study the disturbances of the ionosphere through the TEC parameter during strong, severe and great geomagnetic storms and the validity of International Reference Ionosphere IRI model during these kinds of storms. TEC data selected for years 2000-2013 (descending solar cycle 23 to ascending cycle 24), as available from koyota Japan wdc. To find out the type of geomagnetic storms the Disturbance storm time (Dst) index was selected for the years (2000-2013) from the same website. Data from UK WDC have been taken for the solar indices sunspots number (SSN), radio flux (F10.7) and ionosp
... Show MoreThis research investigated the effect of adding two groups of reinforcement materials, including bioactive materials Hydroxyapatite (HA) and halloysite nanoclay and bioinert materials Alumina (AL2O3) and Zirconia (ZrO2), each of them with various weight ratios (1,2,3,4 &5)% to the polymer matrix PMMA. The best ratios were selected, and then a hybrid was preparing Composite red from the best ratios from each group. Thermal properties, including thermal conductivity and Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) technology, have been studied. The results showed that adding 3% Hydroxyapatite (HA) and 5% halloysite nanoclay to the polymethacrylate (PMMA) mer leads to an increase in thermal conductivity. It was also found from the Thermomechanical Analysis
... Show MoreThe influence of solar activity on the predicted ionospheric temperature parameters (electron Te, Ion Ti and neutral particle Tn) have been investigated over ionospheric Iraqi region by data generated using International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and Madrigal models, the models result have been compared during the minimum and the maximum of solar cycle 24 for the years 2009 and 2016 respectively and for an altitudes ranged from 200-1000 km. The region under consideration spans over (latitude 29.1-37.2oN; longitude 38.9-47.7oE) within Iraq territory, the purpose of this paper is to determine the affection of the solar activity represented by the (sunspot number and solar flux) on the annual behavio
... Show MoreThe current research aims to build a training program for chemistry teachers based on the knowledge economy and its impact on the productive thinking of their students. To achieve the objectives of the research, the following hypothesis was formulated:
There is no statistically significant difference at (0.05) level of significance between the average grades of the students participating in the training program according to the knowledge economy and the average grades of the students who did not participate in the training program in the test of productive thinking. The study sample consisted of (288) second intermediate grade students divided into (152) for the control group
... Show MoreIn this study, polymeric coating was developed by incorporating nano graphene in the polymer blend with applications to oil storage tanks. The oil storage tanks samples were brought from the oil Pipeline Company / Doura refinery in Baghdad. The coating polymer was formed with a blend (epoxy resin and repcoat ZR). The proportion of mixing the mixture was 3:1:1 epoxy resin 21.06 gm: repcoat ZR 10.53 gm: hardener 10.53 gm. The blend/graphene was prepared using in stui-polymerization method with different weight percentage 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt % added to blend. The resulting solution was put in a glass tube on a magnetic stirrer for one hour at a temperature of 40 °C. The result of contact angle and wate
... Show MoreThe objective of the study is to demonstrate the predictive ability is better between the logistic regression model and Linear Discriminant function using the original data first and then the Home vehicles to reduce the dimensions of the variables for data and socio-economic survey of the family to the province of Baghdad in 2012 and included a sample of 615 observation with 13 variable, 12 of them is an explanatory variable and the depended variable is number of workers and the unemployed.
Was conducted to compare the two methods above and it became clear by comparing the logistic regression model best of a Linear Discriminant function written
... Show MoreThis research aims to utilize a complementarity of field excavations and laboratory works with spatial analyses techniques for a highly accurate modeling of soil geotechniques properties (i.e. having lower root mean square error value for the spatial interpolation). This was conducted, for a specified area of interest, firstly by adopting spatially sufficient and well distributed samples (cores). Then, in the second step, a simulation is performed for the variations in properties when soil is contaminated with commonly used industrial material, which is white oil in our case. Cohesive (disturbed and undisturbed) soil samples were obtained from three various locations inside Baghdad University campus in AL-J
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