Background: Spleen is a hemopoietic organ which is capable of supporting elements of different systems. It is affected by several groups of diseases; inflammatory, hematopoietic, reticuloendothelial proliferation, portal hypertension and storage diseases. Ultrasound (US) may detect mild splenomegaly before it is clinically palpable. Knowledge of the normal range of spleen size in the population being examined is a prerequisite. Racial differences in splenic length could result in incorrect interpretation of splenic measurements and such differences would make it difficult to standardize expected splenic length and to determine non- palpable splenic enlargement.Objectives: To measure the normal values of splenic lengthin Iraqi subjects and compare the results with western,Chinese and Jordanian data; to determine whether there is aconstant ratio of the length of the spleen to the left kidney,which could be used to diagnose splenomegaly withoutreference to a nomogram.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among a total of 280 subjects ranging in age from birth to 20 years (159 males and 121 females). US was used to measure maximum splenic and left kidney lengths to obtain normal values for splenic length and to determine spleen to left kidney ratio. The subjects were divided into the same age groups as those used by other similar international studies in order that comparisons with their results could be made.Results: Splenic lengths in Iraqi subjects are similar to those in American, Chinese and Jordanian subjects up to the age of 15 years. The spleen to left kidney ratio is strikingly constant with a mean value of 1. Using 2 SD above the mean as a guide, the upper limit of normal for spleen to left kidney ratio is 1.25.Conclusion: Splenomegaly should be suspected in children if the spleen is more than 1.25 times longer than the adjacent kidney.Key words: Spleen, subjects, ultrasound
The study aimed to get acquainted with kindergarten teachers in the development of
emotional intelligence in children, To achieve this a study too, which consisted of 40 items,
within four areas was condncted: (managing emotions, emotional knowledge, empathy, social
networking) The study tool was applied to the sample amounting (200) teachers of the
kindergarten teachers in the province of Jerash and after analyzing the results statistically
using arithmetic averages standard deviations and variance analysis quartet the following
results were reached :
- presence of statistically significant differences at the level of (α =0,05) is attributable to the
impact of the educational level in the areas of empathy and so
Understanding of in-situ stress profiles and orientations plays a vital role in designing a successful hydraulic fracturing treatment. This paper is an attempet to examine the effect of lithology and in situ stress on geometery of hydraulic fractures. A hydraulic fracturing design simulator software called FracproPT with various capabilities for designing most of hydraulic fracture was used for simulate and optimize the hydraulic fracturing. For studying purpose, three different cases of stress gradient contrast between different formations are considered in this study (0.4, 0.5 and 0.75 psi/ft). The results obtained from the simulator showed that lithologies surrounding the pay zone have an effect on the fracture
... Show MoreBackground: The aim of this study was to measure the radiopacity (RO) of modified microhybrid composite resins by adding 2 types of nanofillers (Zinc Oxide and Calcium Carbonate) in two concentrations 3% and 5% and comparing them to unmodified microhybrid composite resins and to nanofilled composite resin. Materials and Methods: Two types of composite resin were used (Microhybrid composite MH Quadrent anterior shine and Nanofilled composite resin Filtek Z350 XT), for each tested group five disk-shaped specimens (1-mm-thick and 15 mm diameter) were fabricated. The material samples were radiographed together with the aluminum step wedge. The density of the specimens was determined with a transmission densitometer and was expressed in term of
... Show MoreThis study is concerned with a survey of seven species belonging to seven genera under two families and two orders found in some different areas of the Tigris River, especially since these areas have not been surveyed for a long time, and an attempt to identify the existing species at the present time after the recent water scarcity of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and all water bodies interior of Iraq and the impact of this scarcity on the fish diversity found in some areas of the Tigris River in Baghdad.
Background: Animal bites in humans are an important public health problem. Most of these bites are dog bites. Dog bites in humans are a complex problem embracing public health and animal welfare, both in developed and developing nations. .
Al-kindy Col Med J Vol.8 No.2 2012 P: 149
Objectives: in order to estimate the magnitude of the problem and to understand the epidemiological characteristics of dog bite victims registered in Baghdad city regarding their age, sex, number of registered dog bite victims per month and year along the studied period ( 2006-2010) and also to sniff out any seasonal variation in dog bite attacks .
Methods: A across-sectional study was carried out during January (2011), in the Anti-Rabies clinic of (Pa
The results showed the spread of disease blight leaves caused by injury fungus Alternaria in different areas of cultivation in the city of Baghdad where he was recording the highest rate and the severity of the disease of 100% and 80%, respectively, in the Abu Ghraib area and the least of 20% and 12% respectively in the Amiriya district results showed test pathogenicity of the fungus pathogen emergence of symptoms of the disease superficial discoloration Authority of black paper when wound areas and yellowing of leaves about race as centrist and leaky latest country clear ????? on Central race after 48 hours ....
The analysis of detective novels has taken different aspects. The linguistic analysis of them, for example, has tackled the linguistic systems of morphology, phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. In line with the linguistic analysis, this study explores the various pragmatic and stylistic devices realized through detective novels for the purpose of misdirecting and deceiving the reader. The problem is that when readers try to reach to the truth, they face difficulties. They might not reach to the right solution or infer wrong conclusions because writers use some techniques to hide the truth and mislead them. This study aims at examining these techniques and devices; namely, Grice's Maxims and ambiguity as pragmatic devices on the
... Show MoreThe hero traditionally has such admirable traits as courage, fortitude,
chivalry and patriotism. In the literary works, the hero is the leading
character and the pivot around which all the characters and the events
revolve. The characteristics of the hero usually reflect the cultural values
of his time. Because, in each age, Man's attitudes towards himself and the
world change, different images of the hero emerge.
In Greek Mythology, the hero is frequently favoured by the gods;
therefore, he is himself semi-divine. The Greek hero is of princely birth
and is endowed with good physique, exceptional strength, skill in
athletics and battle, energy and eloquence, like Odysseus who is the hero
of the Odyssey, long