Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important respiratory bacterial pathogen, especially among children. It causes acute upper and lower respiratory infections.Objective: This study was aimed to measure anti- M. pneumoniae antibodies among hospitalized children who were admitted to hospital diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infections.Method: Automated ELISA technique was performed to detect anti- M. pneumoniae antibodies (IgM and IgG antibodies) in serum from 108 children less than 5 years old. The children were admitted to the Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Suleimani city/Kurdistan Region/Iraq because of acute respiratory tract infections. A questionnaire was designed to collect demographic and clinical data from those children.Results: IgM anti- M. pneumoniae antibodies were positive in 15 (13.9%) out of 108 children. The highest seroprevalence was found in the age group 25-36 months while the lowest is in the age group 1-12 months. M. pneumoniae infections were more common among males than females though results were statistically not significant, and attendance of kindergarten or nursery, residency, history of chronic diseases, history of contact with similar conditions, and family history of chronic diseases, they were all statistically not significant. The IgMseropositive children were suffering from bronchitis, croup, pneumonia, or other respiratory infections, in frequencies of 7 (46.6%), 4 (26.7%), 3 (20%), and 1 (6.7%) respectively. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, diagnosis of croup, and diagnosis of bronchitis were more frequent in M. pneumoniae infected group and the results were statistically significant. The IgG anti- M. pneumoniae antibodies were positive in 31 (28.8%) out of the 108 children, and the greatest IgG seroprevalence was highest in age group 49-60 months.Conclusion: M. pneumoniae is an important respiratorypathogen among hospitalized children in Sulaimanigovernorate/Kurdistan/Iraq, and nearly one third of childrenhad experienced M. pneumoniae infection by the age of fiveyears
The goal (purpose) from using development technology that require mathematical procedure related with high Quality & sufficiency of solving complex problem called Dynamic Programming with in recursive method (forward & backward) through finding series of associated decisions for reliability function of Pareto distribution estimator by using two approach Maximum likelihood & moment .to conclude optimal policy
The current research aims to test the effect of knowledge sharing in its dimensions represented by(individual dimension, organizational dimension, and technological dimension), In reducing the strategic Anxiety of Iraqi Airways, In view of the importance of the two variables for the company from the perspective of society and the sample resulting from directing various organizational phenomena to reduce its strategic Anxiety, As a goal, it should be viewed from multifaceted perspectives(uncertainty, relational disorder, competitive disorder, resource depletion), And it was embodied by choosing the descriptive, exploratory approach, as it is the most appropriate in that aspect, so that the research questionnaire is one of solid scientific
... Show MoreThis research focuses on the removal and adsorption of Fe (III) ion using a low cost commercial polyacrylic acid hydrogel beads as adsorbent. The effects of time, initial concentration and pH on the metal ion adsorption capacity were investigated. The regeneration of the hydrogel bead and recovery of the metal ion adsorbed were study. The adsorption isotherm models were applied on experimental data and it is shown that the Langmuir model was the best one for Fe (III) ion removal. The maximum capacity was calculated. First-order and second- order kinetic models were used and it is shown that the experimental data was in reliable compliance with the first- order model with R2 value of (0.9935, 0.9011, 0.9695, 0.9912) for all concentrations
... Show MoreFive bread wheat cultivars was selected namely, IPA99, Tamouz 2, Rasheed, Abu-ghraib And Iraq, were selected for susceptibility to green bug, Schizaphis graminum R.(Aphididae: Homoptera) infestation. Experiments done in under laboratory temperature 20±2C˚, humidity 65±5 % at 12h light. Results have indicated that IPA99 was highly preferred by in S. graminum and no significant of differences with Rasheed and Abu-ghraib, while Iraq and Tamouz2 came second. Although all wheat cultivars were infested by S. graminum except Iraq cultivar which showed some tolerance when exposed to three densities of 5, 10, ap plant during the time of test was 4 weeks. the development time of nymphs were 8, 8, 9, 9.3and 8.3 days for cultivars IPA99, Tamoz2,
... Show MoreField trial was conducted during the growing season of 2011-2012 at the Research
Field, Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University to test the
performance of wheat cv Rabyaa, Latifiya, Al-Iraq, Tummose 2, Abu-Graib 3, IPA
99 and Sham 6 grown under different soil water deficit stresses. Several agronomic
and physiological traits and yield and yield components of the test cultivars were
determined. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with five replications
for each treatment. The cultivars were kept in the sub plot while water stress
treatment was assigned as main plot. Water stress was applied by irrigated the plots
to the soil field capacity (FC) then withheld next irrigation until
The goal of this paper is to expose a new numerical method for solving initial value time-lag of delay differential equations by employing a high order improving formula of Euler method known as third order Euler method. Stability condition is discussed in detail for the proposed technique. Finally some examples are illustrated to verify the validity, efficiency and accuracy of the method.
Most systems are intelligent and the industrial world is moving now towards
technology. Most industrial systems are now computerized and offer a high speed.
However, Face recognition is a biometric system that can identify people from their
faces. For few number of people to be identified, it can be considered as a fast
system. When the number of people grew to be bigger, the system cannot be adopted
in a real-time application because its speed will degrade along with its accuracy.
However, the accuracy can be enhanced using pre-processing techniques but the
time delay is still a challenge. A series of experiments had been done on AT&TORL
database images using Enhanced Face Recognition System (EFRS) that is
In this research an improvement of the efficiency of vacuum microwave tube type Gl-19B had been done by activation of internal surfaces using two specific procedures which can qualify the tubes to be reused again.
The first method was the reevacuuated and heating treatment.
The second method wa:s the glow discharge method which used ro
clean the electrodes and improve the vacuum to about!o·8 mbar.
In order to study the using of both processes together, Copper
samples heate
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to identify the availability of visual thinking skills in the chemistry textbook scheduled for the third intermediate grade for the academic year (2020-2021) in the Republic of Iraq. The study sample consisted of all (85) images contained in the chemistry course for the third intermediate grade, which are (85) form using the curriculum. Analytical descriptive A list of visual thinking skills was prepared, and the unit of form was adopted as a unit of analysis and repetition as a unit of counting, and frequencies and percentages were used for statistical treatment, and validity and reliability were calculated. And using the Holste equation. The following results were reached: The skill
... Show MoreLED is an ultra-lightweight block cipher that is mainly used in devices with limited resources. Currently, the software and hardware structure of this cipher utilize a complex logic operation to generate a sequence of random numbers called round constant and this causes the algorithm to slow down and record low throughput. To improve the speed and throughput of the original algorithm, the Fast Lightweight Encryption Device (FLED) has been proposed in this paper. The key size of the currently existing LED algorithm is in 64-bit & 128-bit but this article focused mainly on the 64-bit key (block size=64-bit). In the proposed FLED design, complex operations have been replaced by LFSR left feedback technology to make the algorithm perform more e
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