ABSTRACTBackground: In Iraq smoking is a common habit in both the urban and rural areas. There are many respiratory diseases like chronic bronchitis, bronchial carcinoma and emphysema which are related to chronic tobacco smoking.Objectives: To study the effect of tobacco smoking on the respiratory system, to establish a correlation between chronic tobacco smoking and its effects on the parameters which were studied and to create awareness in tobacco smokers about the effects of tobacco on their healthMethod: In this study 100 male subjects, 50 chronic smokers and 50 non- smokers were assessed for their pulmonary function tests by using a computerized spirometer.Results: Almost all their respiratory parameters were significantly reduced. In the present study obstructive lung dysfunction was the commonest finding in smoker
The results of the phytochemical analysis of the crude aqueous and
methanolicextracts of Myrtle (Myrtuscommunis), peppermint (Menthapiperita) and
Sweet basil(Ocimumbasilicum) contain active compounds : Phenols, Flavonoids and
Tannins and missing of Steroids and Coumarines in all extract but Saponins and
Alkaloids found in methanolicextract only, while terpens were present in peppermint
and basiland absent in Myrtle. Administratingto animals with different extracts
showed no effect on serum Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) compared withthese fed on
ethanol liquid diet, Methanolicand aqueous extracts of Myrtle, peppermint and
basilin the serum of decreased Acetylcholinesterase level significantly(p≤0.05)[(1.25
ΔpH/
The role of free radical generation and lipid peroxidation in most diseases as a scientific explanation for development and destractivc process in biological tissues is confirmed. In this study, an attempt to shed li ght on the possible rel ation between some biochemical parameters as a marker lor antioxidant in sera of (40)workers in the ticld of mercury was investigated. The workers were divided into two
gt-oups according to the_1>_eri odof occupati.On.
Group A Occupation period <I 0
C'TTOl
... Show MoreIn this work an approach has been developed to investigate the influence of surface roughness on thermohydrodynamic performance in aligned and misaligned journal bearings by considering an average flow model and deriving the shear flow factor for various roughness configurations, similar to the pressure flow factor. An average Reynolds equation for rough surfaces is defined in term of pressure and shear flow factors, which can be obtained by numerical flow simulation, though the use of measured or numerically generated rough surfaces. Reynolds, heat conduction and energy equations are solved simultaneously by using a suitable numerical technique (Finite Difference Method) to obtain the pressure and temperature di
... Show MoreThis study produces an image of theoretical and experimental case of high loading stumbling condition for hip prosthesis. Model had been studied namely Charnley. This model was modeled with finite element method by using ANSYS software, the effect of changing the design parameters (head diameter, neck length, neck ratio, stem length) on Charnley design, for stumbling case as impact load where the load reach to (8.7* body weight) for impact duration of 0.005sec.An experimental rig had been constructed to test the hip model, this rig consist of a wood box with a smooth sliding shaft where a load of 1 pound is dropped from three heights.
The strain produced by this impact is measured by using rosette strain gauge connected to Wheatstone
This study has investigated the effect of jaundice on some
hematological and biochemical paramenters in male and female. The results have shown significant decrease in Hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, white blood cell count and platelet count. The biochemical parameters results have shown significant increase in prothrombine time, level of total bilirubin, Aspartale transminase and Alanin trans aminase in the serum of male and femal.
While many educators are highly focused on state test, it is important to consider that
over the course of a year, instructors can build in many opportunities to assess how learners
are learning. Therefore, assessment techniques are considered a good method to get benefit
for both instructors and learners in the process of teaching and learning. The sample consists
of 27 learners who participated in TOEFL training course in the Development and Continuous
Education Centre. Validity and reliability were verified.
To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follows” It is hypothesized
that the TOEFL learners' scores will not be increased after TOEFL course training.” T-test
for two dependent samp
The present study is designed to reveal the effect of Voltarin drug on some genetic indicators such as mitotic index(MI) of bone marrow cells and chromosome aberrations(CA) .The Voltarin is one of non Steroidal Anti-inflammation drug .Three concentrations of Voltarin were used 1.6 , 2 , 2.5 mg/kg Albino mices (Mus musculus) were injected for 7 days then mitotic index (MI) was counted and chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow cells . The results could be summarized as follows : 1-The doses (1.6,2) mg/Kg showed no negative effects on&nbs
... Show MoreMalaysia will be an ageing population by 2030 as the number of those aged 60 years and above has increased drastically from 6.2 percent in 2000 and is expected to reach 13.6 percent by 2030. There are many challenges that will be faced due to the ageing population, one of which is the increasing cost of pensions in the future. In view of that, it is necessary to investigate the effect of actuarial assumptions on pension liabilities under the perspective of ageing. To estimate the pension liabilities, the Projected Unit Credit method is used in the study and commutation functions are employed in the process. Demographic risk and salary risk have been identified as major risks in analyzing pension liabilities in this study. The sensitivity
... Show MoreThe objective of this study is to determine the extent to which the determinants of organizational support contributed to enhancing the mental status of banking services in a number of banks in Dohuk governorate in order to diagnose the correlation between the perceived organizational support and the mental status of services. Availability in the environment of banks and to enhance the mental position from the point of view of customers as the main hypotheses focused on the nature of the relationship between the dimensions of research among them has been tested these hypotheses using statistical and descriptive methods have been The study concluded that the contribution of organizational support, which is
... Show MoreThe problem of this research lies in the fact that there is a lack of accurate scientific perceptions about the size of the use of Iraqi women’s social networking sites and the motives behind this use and the expectations generated by them.
The goals of the research are as follows:
1- Determine the extent of Iraqi women’s use of social networking sites (Facebook, YouTube, twitter, and Instagram).
2- Investigative the motives behind the use of social networking sites by Iraqi women.
3- Detecting the repercussions of Iraqi women’s use of social networking sites (Facebook, you tube, twitter, and Instagram).
The research is classified as a descriptive one. The researchers use the survey methodology. The research commu