Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. The diagnosis of this condition is still essentially clinical and there is difficulty in the clinical diagnosis, especially among elderly, children and patients with a typical presentation, so early and accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis is important to avoid its complications.Objectives: To evaluate the degree of accuracy of Alvarado scoring system in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Method: Two hundred patients were admitted to the Alkindy Teaching Hospital from January 2011 to april 2014- presented with symptoms and signs suggestive of acute appendicitis. After examination and investigations all patients were given a score according to Alvarado scoring 10 (8 variables) and they were classified accordingly to 6 groups of scores (score 5, score 6, score 7, score 8, score 9 and score 10). All the patients underwent appendectomy and the appendix specimens were sent for histopathological examination and the patients were divided into two groups:1-patients 7 score (164 patients)2-patients <7 score (36 patients)-We calculate the percentage of appendix proved to be inflamed by histopathology in each group of these 6 scoring groups.Results: The patients ages range from (7-64 years).One hundred six patients were male, 94 patients were female with male: female ratio of 1.24:1.Out of 200 patients, 168 patients had inflamed appendix proved by histopathological study, including 93 male and 75 female, while 32 patients have a normal appendix (13 male, 19 female).The Alvarado sensitivity found to be 83%, specificity is 59%, diagnostic accuracy of 85%, positive predictive value of 92% and negative predictive value of 59%.The diagnostic accuracy of the Alvarado score was found to be increased with the increase in the Alvarado score as it was 81% with Alvarado score 7 it was 100% in Alvarado score 10.Conclusion : Alvarado scoring system is a useful tool in diagnosis of acute appendicitis because it is simple, with high diagnostic accuracy rate and this accuracy increase proportionally to the increase in the degree of the score.Alvarado scoring system is a useful tool in diagnosis of acute appendicitis because it is simple, with high diagnostic accuracy rate and this accuracy increase proportionally to the increase in the degree of the score
Recent population studies have shown that placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders remain undiagnosed before delivery in half to two-thirds of cases. In a series from specialist diagnostic units in the USA, around one-third of cases of PAS disorders were not diagnosed during pregnancy. Maternal
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Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has proved to be an effective and accurate method for diagnostic prediction over the years. This article focuses on the development of an automated CAD system with the intent to perform diagnosis as accurately as possible. Deep learning methods have been able to produce impressive results on medical image datasets. This study employs deep learning methods in conjunction with meta-heuristic algorithms and supervised machine-learning algorithms to perform an accurate diagnosis. Pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) or auto-encoder are used for feature extraction, whereas feature selection is performed using an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. Ant colony optimization helps to search for the bes
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Values are penetrating or interfering in the lives of individuals and groups and are connected to them in the sense of life itself, because they are closely linked to the motives of behavior, hopes and goals, and can be said that values are everything. The concept of values is one of the concepts that have received the attention of researchers from different disciplines. This has resulted in a kind of confusion and variation in use from one specialization to the other, and uses multiple uses within one specialization. Therefore, there is no uniform definition of values because they relate to individuals. Individuals differ in many things, such as perception,
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This study deals with the role of compensation system in improving the quality of educational services (University of Halabja as a Model) also our problem was the following question ; What is the role of compensation system in its different dimensions in improving the quality of educational services? And what is the relationship and impact of using the dimensions of the compensation system to improve the quality of educational services? The hypothesis of the research included the correlation and the impacts between the compensation system and its combined variables in the quality of educational services. This was proved through a field study and the distribution of questionn
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The internal observing system is considered a cornerstone for the high management in all the systems. It aims at defending the things for waste and increasing efficient and application the rules and regulations and constrictions. To easier for the high management activity in the internal observing system which in presented and practiced and to what extent can depend on it. Thus it goes to evaluate the internal observing system periodically to check the weak points in that system so as the find out the mistake, in the construction of the system or mistake, by indication of the workers. The importance of this study is represented in the need of increasing the coactivity in the internal observing system so as to be in touch with the new tre
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At the local level in the early 1990s first established an Islamic bank 1993 is called Iraqi Islamic bank and was established by Dr. abdullatef hmim and with capital of 200 Million Iraqi dinars .
After 2003 began the attention of Iraqis tend to create Islamic banks until now up to 30 banks in the present , He confirmed Mr. Governor of the Iraqi Central Bank recently that there is more than 40 iintroduction licence to establish an Islamic bank in Iraq , That banking activity which is compatible with Sharia law widely welcomed by savers and those in need for more development and modernization in order to gain a greater share within the Iraqi market , and allowed the Iraqi Central Bank in recent years
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Background: Nasal obstruction is common in otorhinolaryngology outpatient visitors. The diagnosis of such compliant is by history, clinical examination and diagnostic procedures. Nasal endoscopy and computerized tomography scan are common diagnostic investigations. Nasal obstruction is either anterior or posterior (nasal septal deviations, hypertrophied turbinate pathological cyst, polyps, mass etc), or postnasal obstruction (hypertrophied turbinate, adenoid hypertrophy, nasopharyngeal cyst or nasopharyngeal tumors).
Aim of study: Prospective study to compare endoscopic finding and computerized tomography of nose, paranasal sinuses and postnasal space as diagnostic methods for nasal obstruction and other nose, p
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