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Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Neonatal sepses, Al -Alwyia Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad
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Background: Neonatal septicemia is a major health problem in developing countries furthermore data on bacteriological profile in early onst sepses (EOS) and late neonatal sepsis (LOS) are lacking in context of  continuous change in bacteriological profile and increasing resistant strains. Objectives: The study done to determine the pattern of organisms implicated in neonatal septicemia in a neonatal care unit and to measure the degree of bacterial resistance to some antibiotics.

Type of the study : cross –sectional study.

Methods: Confirmed cases of neonatal septicemia admitted at Al-Alwyia pediatric teaching hospital for the period from January 2011- January 2012 were included which constitute 107 case. Blood samples were obtained, incubated and Subculture was done on blood agar and MacConkey Agar routinely after 48 hours and 7 days and in between if visible turbidity appeared. Bacterial isolates and antibiotic sensitivity   were identified by standard conventional methods.

Results EOS constituted  29.9%(32 case) of  confirmed neonatal sepsis , while LOS constituted 70.1% (75case) .Eescehrichia coli (E. coli) constitutes 37% of EOS followed by Klebsella pneumonia and Staphylocoocus species (which constitute 12.5% for each of them ) were the most common microorganisms, while for LOS: E.coli constituted 38.7 % of LOS followed by Staphylocoocus species 17.3% and Klebsella pneumonia 10.7%. Gram negative (G negative) bacteria predominated over gram positive (G positive) bacteria in both EOS (81.2%) and LOS (74.7%) .  Staphylocoocus species predominates G positive   sepsis in both EOS and LOS. Group B streptococci are not identified in the study sample. Microorganisms tested shows highly resistant to amoxicillin or ampicillin and to gentamycin.For amoxicillin or ampicillin higher resistant (100%) were encourted with pseudomonas, proteus and Enterobacter. For cefotaxime high rate of resistance encountered with klebsella (71.4%) compared to 40% resistant in pseudomonas. Amikacin also shows varied degree of resistant for E. coli(22% ) and klebsella (41%) , pseudomonas(10%)  ,and  Enterobacter (16.7%) .for Staphylococcus aureus, proteus and citrobacter no resistance was encountered to amikacin and the  sensitivity was 100% in tested isolates .

Conclusions:   G negative bacteria is more common in EOS and LOS with predominant of E. coli in two categories .Resistant strains to commonly used antibiotics is a common finding.  Guidelines in treatment of neonatal sepsis should be frequently reviewed taking in consideration antimicrobial resistance .  Due to magnitude of problem, preventive measures for EOS and LOS should be considered.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 25 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
Effectiveness of Interpretation in Graphic Design: سحر علي سرحان
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The interpretation is one of the means used to by the designer to construct his perceptions of the world in which he lives, either to better understand or rediscover or reproduce the new thing and the creative thing which is characterized by novelty and originality. The design innovations in the political posters, achieved by the designer, result from his perceptions for the response towards a certain subject through what he has of practical experience to interpret his ideas and his desire to achieve harmony with the reality and compatibility with his aims in visible visual effects that will be established in the recipient's memory and stimulate his senses in the realization of the content of the media message. The political poster has a

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The influence of the Bauhaus in contemporary graphic design
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This research aims to study and reveal the influence of Bauhaus principles in contemporary graphic design. The researcher determined the objective/spatial/temporal limit: Study of the Bauhaus influence in the design of the graphic poster in Germany in 2020. The theoretical framework in the first section dealt with (the emergence and factors of the emergence of the Bauhaus school and its characteristics), while the second topic dealt with (the intellectual, functional and aesthetic data of the Bauhaus School), after which the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework were produced.

He mentioned four previous studies, one of them was discussed in detail. In the third chapter he defined the methodology, society, and sam

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Female education in Iraq 1921-1958 - A historical Study-
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In spite of the foundation of Iraqi state in 1921 and the formation of the new features of
the modern state, however, the inherited costumes and traditions sustained in the conservative
society. But due to the development that inflicted to the Iraqi society and the development of
the staff in all fields and requirement conducting to female learning. After WW II and the
1950s, women get out of their houses to seek learning by approaching the doors.
What is positive about that phase was the formation of the College of Queen A'liya
which is regarded as a positive indicator. In any case the Iraqi family encouraged women to
be indulged in higher education. Calling the college Queen A'liya

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Explaining the actions of God Almighty in Ash'ari thought
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Are the actions and rulings of God Almighty justified by intentions and purposes or not? This is a matter of the minutes of the science of theology in which there was a wide difference between the Islamic groups, especially the verbal ones.

This study is an attempt to reach the correct opinion or to avoid it, and to clarify the disagreement that took place in this issue, especially in the Ash'ari school of thought, and it is also an attempt to reconcile opinions as much as possible, and to explain what may appear to be disagreements among some.

Therefore, I divided this research into two topics, and issued it with an introduction in which I defined the terms that are related to the explanation.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Artistic processing of Emotional Scenes in the Narrative Film
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This research entitled: "Artistic processing of Emotional Scenes in the Narrative Film" deals with how to process and embody those emotional scenes. As there are certain filmic elements that play an effective role in deepening the viewer's sense of the importance of those scenes, and that their presence in the film is necessary and inevitable, and cannot be dispensed because it forms an interconnected connection with the rest of the film's scenes, in addition to its dramatic and aesthetic value in the film in crystallizing the viewer's feelings and integrating him/her into the scene.
The research was divided into four chapters, the first chapter includes: the methodological framework, which represented the research problem, and brin

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Digital employment of education data in children's television programmes
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The communication inspiration formed an essential foundations for contribute the influence individuals and recipients, whether negatively or positively, through the messages that were published and presented in them with multiple themes and viewpoints that covered all parts of the world and all age groups; it is directed to children addressing the various stages of childhood, as it simulates many goals, including what is directed through the digital use of educational data in television production, as it is considered an intellectual and mental bag to deliver ideas and expressive and aesthetic connotations to children, where the songs and cartoons carrying data on education; within adjacent relations and in a mutual direction, both of th

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 07 2021
Journal Name
Romanian Neurosurgery
Indirect revascularization in an Iraqi child with Moyamoya Disease
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Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by bilateral stenosis starting at the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA), with the development of a collateral network of vessels. It is an established cause of stroke in the pediatric age group. Despite its increasing prevalence in various parts of the world, it remains largely underrecognized in the Middle East, particularly in Iraq. This is the first case of MMD in an Iraqi patient undergoing surgery. Case description: A 12-year-old boy presents with a 3-months history of progressive behavioural changes. MRI revealed diffuse infarcts of different ages. MRA and CT angiography revealed extensive asymmetrical steno-occlusive changes of t

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of modern manufacturing systems in process Design
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The aim of the research to measure the correlation relationship between modern manufacturing systems and process design and measure the effect by adopting the regression; the research consists of two main variables, which are modern manufacturing systems and process design; it was applied in the production lines of the General Company for Construction Industries, There is a sample of managers, engineers, technicians, administrators, and some workers were selected to fill the special questionnaire with (70) forms which distributed and (65) were approved suitable for use, For data analysis the correlation coefficient was adopted to measure the relationship and regression analysis to find out the effect, Using (SPSS), So the first h

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Traffic Noise in Arterial Streets: Case of Kirkuk City
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Loud noise can be extremely harmful to the auditory system as well as to human health. Noise pollution is primarily caused by traffic noise. The study's goal was to determine how various vehicle types and speeds affected the amount of noise generated by traffic. The two factors were investigated at seven different arterial streets throughout Kirkuk city to measure the noise levels. The measurements were performed during peak hours to compare the result with WHO standards for noise specification. Traffic volume and vehicle speed are shown to be the key elements that determine an increase in noise level. 

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Salt Distribution in a Soil Irrigated by Subsurface Emitter
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The best design of subsurface trickle irrigation systems requires knowledge of water and salt distribution patterns around the emitters that match the root extraction and minimize water losses. The transient distribution of water and salt in a two-dimensional homogeneous Iraqi soil domain under subsurface trickle irrigation with different settings of an emitter is investigated numerically using 2D-HYDRUS software. Three types of Iraqi soil were selected. The effect of altering different values of water application rate and initial soil water content was investigated in the developed model. The coefficient of correlation (R2) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was used to validate the predicted numerical res

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