Background: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown etiology. Different techniques and magnetic resonance image sequences are widely used and compared to each other to improve the detection of multiple sclerosis lesions in the spinal cord. Objective: To evaluate the ability of MRI short tau inversion recovery sequences in improvementof multiple sclerosis spinal cord lesion detection when compared to T2 weighted image sequences. Type of the study: A retrospective study. Methods: this study conducted from 15thAugust 2013 to 30thJune 2014 at Baghdad teaching hospital. 22 clinically definite MS patients with clinical features suggestive of spinal cord involvement, patients were imaged with sagittal short tau inversion recovery sequences and sagittal T2 weighted. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.5 ± 6.7years; female to male ratio was 2.7:1. The total number of spinal cord MS lesions was 44 of them 86.4% in the cervical spine, 68.2%of the lesions had less than one vertebra extension,79.6% of the lesions did not show changes in the spinal cord morphology. There was a significant upgrading in the lesions conspicuity at short tau inversion recovery sequence comparing to T2 weighted image, P<0.001. A significant difference had been found in artifact grading between both sequences; P<0.001. Conclusions: short tau inversion recovery magnetic resonance image sequences improve detection of MS spinal cord plaques compared with T2 weighted image and itincreasesthe conspicuity of the visualized T2weighted image lesions, but also it accentuates theartifacts more than T2weighted image.
This paper presents a complete design and implementation of a monitoring system for the operation of the three-phase induction motors. This system is built using a personal computer and two types of sensors (current, vibration) to detect some of the mechanical faults that may occur in the motor. The study and examination of several types of faults including (ball bearing and shaft misalignment faults) have been done through the extraction of fault data by using fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique. Results showed that the motor current signature analysis (MCSA) technique, and measurement of vibration technique have high possibility in the detection and diagnosis of most mechanical faults with high accuracy. Subsequently, diagnosi
... Show MoreThe antiviral activity of leaf extracts from Datura stramonium and tomato plants inoculated with TMV, combined with 20% skimmed milk, was investigated. A TMV isolate was confirmed using bioassay, serological, and molecular approaches and subsequently used to inoculate plants. Tomato plants, both pre- and post-inoculated with TMV, were sprayed with leaf extracts from either TMV-free or infected plants, alone or mixed with 20% skimmed milk. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using tobamovirus-specific antibodies and local lesion tests were conducted to assess antiviral activity based on virus concentration and infectivity in treated plants. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD), and the Least Significant
... Show Moreobjectives: To investigate the polyomaviruses (BK, JC) in asymptomatic kidney transplant recipients and healthy persons as control. It is one of the first reports on serological detection and molecular characterization that describes the circulation of polyomaviruses (BKV, JCV) have been done in Iraq recently. Methodology: The present study was designed as prospective case control study was done during the period from November 2015 to August 2016. Total of 97 serum and urine samples were collected randomly from 25 healthy control person and 72 renal transplant recipients, attending Iraqi Renal Transplantatio
The research included the introduction to the research and its importance as knee joint is an important joint in the human body that is prone to injury. One such injury is knee roughness injury that occurs as a result of the stress of the knee joint and age. The importance of examining the need for the use of rehabilitation exercises, especially in the watercourse system, is highlighted by the fact that the aquatic environment is one of the most important factors helping to alleviate pain and rehabilitate the knee joint and thereby improve the mobility of those with knee roughness. The problem of research is that rehabilitation exercises have been developed in the watercourse system on the basis of scientific bases with a repetitive and sys
... Show MoreThe vast advantages of 3D modelling industry have urged competitors to improve capturing techniques and processing pipelines towards minimizing labour requirements, saving time and reducing project risk. When it comes to digital 3D documentary and conserving projects, laser scanning and photogrammetry are compared to choose between the two. Since both techniques have pros and cons, this paper approaches the potential issues of individual techniques in terms of time, budget, accuracy, density, methodology and ease to use. Terrestrial laser scanner and close-range photogrammetry are tested to document a unique invaluable artefact (Lady of Hatra) located in Iraq for future data fusion sc
Abstract
The methods of the Principal Components and Partial Least Squares can be regard very important methods in the regression analysis, whe
... Show MoreRegression models are one of the most important models used in modern studies, especially research and health studies because of the important results they achieve. Two regression models were used: Poisson Regression Model and Conway-Max Well- Poisson), where this study aimed to make a comparison between the two models and choose the best one between them using the simulation method and at different sample sizes (n = 25,50,100) and with repetitions (r = 1000). The Matlab program was adopted.) to conduct a simulation experiment, where the results showed the superiority of the Poisson model through the mean square error criterion (MSE) and also through the Akaiki criterion (AIC) for the same distribution.
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... Show MoreA comparison study was made for the reaction of triruthenium carbonyl Ru3(CO)12 with azoarene ArN=NAr . This reaction was monitored in two kinds of solvents , toluene , and n- octane , which yielded new triruthenium carbonyl complex Ru3(μ3-NAr)2(CO)9 . The reactions of azoarenes ArN=NAr with Ru3(CO)12 formed the following trinuclear compound of Ru3((μ3- NAr)2(CO)9 (Ar-C6H4Br-4) in law yield . In addition , to new isomers species of mononuclear cyclometallated of Ru(BrC6H4N-NC6H4NBr-4)2(CO)2 in different percentages . The mechanism of the reaction domenstrates that the formation of trinuclear bis arylimido complexes , and ortho metallated was , the result of cleavage of nitrogen –nitrogen bond . Monitoring this gave evidence that the rea
... Show MoreThis study aims to conduct an exhaustive comparison between the performance of human translators and artificial intelligence-powered machine translation systems, specifically examining the top three systems: Spider-AI, Metacate, and DeepL. A variety of texts from distinct categories were evaluated to gain a profound understanding of the qualitative differences, as well as the strengths and weaknesses, between human and machine translations. The results demonstrated that human translation significantly outperforms machine translation, with larger gaps in literary texts and texts characterized by high linguistic complexity. However, the performance of machine translation systems, particularly DeepL, has improved and in some contexts
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