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Smoking Behavior Among School Students At Al-Doura/Al- Kurkh/Baghdad Year 2014
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Background: Most adult smokers start smoking regularly some time before 18 years of age. Cigarette smoking is a major ‘preventable’ cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is well-known that smoking has hazardous effect on many systems like pulmonary and cardiovascular system.

Objectives: Study the prevalence of smoking among school pupils according to the mode of smoking, age, school grade, school environment and possible health risk associated with smoking. Type of the study: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: Study was conducted between 1st of March 2014 to 30th of May 2014 at Al-Doura/Al- Kurkh/Baghdad by using convenient sample, including all pupils from 6 schools. The schools were 2 secondary schools, 3 intermediate schools and 1 professional secondary school from second Al-Kurkh education directorate. A total of 1258 boy pupils were studied. An anonymous self-completion questionnaire was used. The questionnaire included 15 questions (3 open questions and 12 close questions) about sociodemographic information, smoking information, and possible health disorders associated with smoking. Results: The present study had shown that the prevalence of smoking habits both (12.1% cigarette and 2.3% shisha) increased with age, class grade, and broader school environment. Both cigarette and shisha smoking produce various health disorders among schools' pupils. The results indicate that dry cough more frequent among shisha smoking pupils which was statistically highly significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Age, school grade of pupils and broader school environment play the major rule in the increasing prevalence of smoking among pupils, both cigarette and shisha smoking had hazardous effect on pupils' health.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 27 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Parents' Attitudes toward Immunization and its Relation with Pediatric Immunization Compliance at Primary Health Care Centers in Karbala City, Iraq
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Objective(s): To assess parents' attitude toward immunization and its relation with their compliance and to find out the relationship between parents' attitude and their socio-demographic characteristics.
Methodology: A descriptive design is conducted from the period of 19th September 2020 to the 6th of March 2021. A non-probability (convenient) sample of (292) parents was selected from (5) primary health care centers in Karbala city. These centers are distributed throughout (2) primary health care sectors selected randomly as (20%) from each sectors. The questionnaire is developed and composed of three parts: First part: parent's socio-demographic characteristics, Second part: parents' attitude domain, which involves (13 items), and

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Nano Hybrids And Composites
Specific NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Gas Sensor Worked at Room Temperature Based on MWCNTs-OH Network
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Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs-OH) network with thickness 4μm was made by the vacuum filtration from suspension (FFS) method. The morphology, structure and optical properties of the MWCNTs film were characterized by SEM and UV-Vis. spectra techniques. The SEM images reflected highly ordered network in the form of ropes or bundles with close-packing which looks like spaghetti. The absorbance spectrum revealed that the network has a good absorbance in the UV-Vis. region. The gas sensor system was used to test the MWCNT-OH network to detect NH3gas at room temperature. The resistance of the sensor was increased when exposed to the NH3gas. The sensitivities of the network w

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 02 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Language Studies
Activating Functional Formulas of EFL Learners` Fluency and Accuracy Skills at the College of Education for Human Sciences (Ibn Rushd)
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The paper investigates the frequency and the impact ofusing Functional formulas in EFL students` fluency and accuracyused in English teaching in College of Education for HumanSciences (Ibn Rushd), English Department. This study aims atfinding out the frequency of formulaic sequences’ in students`fluency- accuracy skills, whether or not the student differences inthe functional formulas in fluency- accuracy competences ,andinvestigating differences in types formulaic sequences in fluencyaccuracyskills. The instruments are (observation and essay writing)used in investigating the fluency through using observation whereasin accuracy using essay testing. With 100 functional formulas, oneighty students second year at English Department.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of The Electrochemical Society
Electrochemical Incineration of Oxalic Acid at Manganese Dioxide Rotating Cylinder Anode: Role of Operative Parameters in the Presence of NaCl
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A detailed experimental study was devoted to the anodic oxidation of oxalic acid using manganese dioxide rotating cylinder anode with the objective to evaluate in a systematic way the effect on the oxalic acid oxidation process of several relevant parameters, including the presence of sodium chloride, the current density (J), the rotation speed, the temperature, and the initial concentration of oxalic acid. Thin manganese dioxide film on graphite substrate has been prepared by electrochemical oxidation from MnSO4-H2SO4 electrolyte. The morphology of this electrode was investigated by XRD, SEM, EDS and AFM techniques. The results show that a firm γ-structure of MnO2 film on graphite rod can be obtained successfully. The results indicate tha

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
Preparation and analysis of Ag2Se1-xTe x thin film structure on the physical properties at various temperatures by thermal evaporation
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Silver selenide telluride Semiconducting (Ag2Se0.8Te0.2) thin films were by thermal evaporation at RT with thickness350 nm at annealing temperatures (300, 348, 398, and 448) °K for 1 hour on glass substrates .using X-ray diffraction, the structural characteristics were calculated as a function of annealing temperatures with no preferential orientation along any plane. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray techniques are used to analyze the Ag2SeTe thin films' physical makeup and properties. AFM techniques were used to analyze the surface morphology of the Ag2SeTe films, and the results showed that the values for average diameter, surface roughness, and grain size mutation increased with annealing temperature (116.36-171.02) nm The transm

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2024
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Through the Eyes of Healthcare Providers, the Necessity and Challenges of Implementing Medication Reconciliation at Hospital Discharge: A Qualitative Study
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Background: Medication reconciliation can include medication reviewing and providing counseling and a list of all the medications during every transition of care. Objectives: to explore in-depth the perspectives of Iraqi physicians and pharmacists regarding the necessity of medication reconciliation at hospital discharge and identify the possible benefits and challenges that could face its implementation. Subjects and Methods: A qualitative study included semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and physicians working at a public teaching hospital in Iraq. The interviews were conducted face-to-face from February to March 2023. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data generated from the interviews. Results: In th

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 23 2020
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
The philosophy of the workplace spirituality in the third millennium organizations: A field study at the Ministry of Health Center
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Assessment the Genotoxic Potential of Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline at Maximum Therapeutic Doses for Four-Week Treatment in Experimental Male Rats
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Abstract

At any moment, the continuous usage of medications can accompanied by DNA damage and the accumulation of such damages can cause serious consequences. Antidepressants are long-term used drugs and the incidence of their genotoxic impacts cannot be excluded. Therefore, this work was designed to investigate the possible genotoxic effects of the commonly used antidepressants (fluoxetine and amitriptyline) in adult male rats.

Detection of DNA damage in individual cells was assessed by comet and micronucleus assays in three different cell populations i.e. liver, testis and bone marrow tissues of 24 swiss albino adult male rats. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups of 8 rats ea

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Application Effect of the Conflict Management Strategies On Increasing Workers Productivity at the Electricity Company (IGEC) (Field Study Irbid Governorate)
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Research aimed to explore the Application Effect of the Conflict Management Strategies by the managements to solve conflict between and inside the conflicted parties within (IGEC) to increase the productivity of the workers. To collect data, 110 questioners had been distributed among managers and heads of departments of all managerial levels, 102 answered questioners regained, 5 of them were disqualify for statistical analytic, only 97 were taking in consideration   for statistical analysis presenting 93% of the retained number.

SPSS Program supported with a group of statistical tools, had been used for analysis purposes such as Kronbach Alpha test to assure the validity & stability of the t

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 08 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences And Humanities
Evaluating Banking Performance According to the European Model of Institutional Excellence: Case Study at United Bank for Investment and Finance1
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The aim of the research is to identify the impact of the dimensions of the European Excellence Model in evaluating the performance of the bank of the research sample, as well as to interpret which dimensions are more important to the banks of the research sample. Based on the dimensions of this model, the United Bank for Investment and Finance has chosen a research community, and has met with officials of the United Bank for Investment and Finance at various administrative levels to measure the practices of excellence management in the European model, and the analytical approach has been the case study and the construction of the checklist as a tool to collect information. The research has reached the most important results There is a discr

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