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Management of COVID-19 in Children and Adolescents -A Practical Up-to Date Guideline
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Sufficient high-quality data are unavailable to describe the management approach and guideline of COVID-19 disease in pediatric and adolescent population which may be due to mild presentation in most of cases and less severe complications than older ages.

World Health Organization was concerned with the establishment of an approved guideline to manage the increasing number of COVID-19 patients worldwide aiming to prevent or lessen COVID-19 global burden.

The clinical features have a wide spectrum starting from uncomplicated mild illness, mild-moderate pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, septic shock, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Many important definitions were developed to identify the COVID-19 case status including confirmed, suspected, and probable case.

Many laboratory tests may be beneficially done but reverse transcriptase – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 RNA is diagnostic.

Patient isolation and adequate intake of fluid and calories, antipyretics (preferably paracetamol), antibiotics (in secondary bacterial infections), and bed rest are the mainstay of approved supportive treatment. While oxygen supplementation may be added in moderate to severe cases; anticoagulation prophylaxis (enoxaparin) is strongly advised in children with certain situations where hypercoagulability state is identified, and therapy should be evaluated based on risk factors.

New approaches, drugs, and therapies are currently under research to manage COVID-19 pediatric and adolescent patients including antivirals (lopinavir/ritonavir, and favipiravir), remdesivir, tocilizumab, dexamethasone, convalescent plasma, and specific treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (immunoglobulin, steroids, tocilizumab, anakinra, and aspirin).

The practical approach was summarized in a flow chart scheme to assist health care professionals to manage COVID-19 in children and adolescents within a rapid look though details are given in the text.

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Preparation and characterization of Posaconazole as a Nano-micelles using d-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS)
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It is important to note that Posaconazole (POCZ) is a newly developed extended-spectrum triazole that belongs to BCS class II and has a solubility of less than 1µg/ml. In patients with a weakened immune system, POCZ has been shown to be effective as an antifungal treatment for invasive infections caused by candida and aspergillus species. The nano-micelles technique can be used to increase POCZ solubility. In order to increase their apparent solubility in water, nano-micelles are made by combining macromolecules that self-assemble into ordered structures capable of entrapping hydrophobic drug molecules in the interior domain. Dispersed colloidal systems, of which nano-micelles are a subset, are a large and diverse group. Composed of a p

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Comparative Study of Various Intelligent Optimization Algorithms Based on Path Planning and Neural Controller for Mobile Robot
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In this paper, a cognitive system based on a nonlinear neural controller and intelligent algorithm that will guide an autonomous mobile robot during continuous path-tracking and navigate over solid obstacles with avoidance was proposed. The goal of the proposed structure is to plan and track the reference path equation for the autonomous mobile robot in the mining environment to avoid the obstacles and reach to the target position by using intelligent optimization algorithms. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithms are used to finding the solutions of the mobile robot navigation problems in the mine by searching the optimal paths and finding the reference path equation of the optimal

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The factors that affecting in the recruitment of a teaching staff for the Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in university teaching at the University of Khartoum.
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This research aimed at identifying the factors that affecting in the recruitment of a teaching staff for the Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in university teaching at the University of Khartoum. The descriptive method was followed. The questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection,, which was distributed directly to a sample of (181) respondent of the teaching staff members of the senate at University of Khartoum from those who were attend at the senate meeting No. (409) which was held on 22 August 2016 Of (272). The researcher followed for the distribution the chance method, where each questionnaire was distributed to each of a teaching staff from different faculties at the University of Khartoum, according to his willingness

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Kinds of Food and Drinks in Morocco in the Period of Al-Murabteen and Al-Moahideen
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Cooking was of great importance in the Islamic Arabic culture and the
people of Morocco have shown great interest in this aspect and also in the
variety in the making of food. They used all kinds of meat of and have shown
interest in preserving and distributing it .The people of Morocco used the
additives in their cooking such as salt, saffron and many other kinds to add
special flavor and taste and their cooking a distinctive flavor.
Sweet and pastry, in addition to the drinks, represented another aspect of the
Moroccan kitchen. At that time women were brought as slaves from Sudan
and as a result they brought their experience in the making of sweets and
pastry with them to Morocco, they used sugar, fat, wheat

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 07 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Entomology And Zoology Studies
Genomic diversity and prevalence of Rotavirus in cow and buffalo calves in middle area of Iraq
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A total of 335 suspected fecal sample were collected from calf of cattle and buffalo with age in between (3 days to 4 months) from middle area of Iraq between November 2016 to May 2017.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 12 2021
Journal Name
Medico Legal Update
A Comparative Study about Knowledge, Attitude, Practice of Antibiotic Use and Perceptions of the Possible Causes of Resistance between Final Year Undergraduate Students and Postgraduate Pharmacy Students
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Background: Antibiotic resistance is a problem leading to difficulty in treating microbial infections thatmay occur due to many causes. For the important pharmacist role as a reference for the information and theability to access to medications, they are vital members in lowering the development of antibiotic resistance,and also they support the proper use and control of antibioticsmisuse. Our goal is comparing the knowledge,attitude, practice of undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy students and their perceptions about thecausing factors of antibiotic resistance in Iraq.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted involving the final year bachelor and postgraduate (masterand Philosophical doctor) students from different private

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 25 2023
Journal Name
Optical Materials
Impact of a precise pH value change on the characteristics of deposited tin monosulphide films onto a flexible substrate
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The chemical bath deposition technique (CBD) is considered the cheapest and easiest compared with other deposition techniques. However, it is highly sensitive to effective parameter deposition values such as pH, temperature, and so on. The pH value of the reaction solution has a direct impact on both the nucleation and growth rate of the film. Consequently, this study presents a novel investigation into the effect of a precise change. in the pH reaction solution value on the structural, morphological, and photoresponse characteristics of tin monosulphide (SnS) films. The films were grown on a flexible polyester substrate with pH values of 7.1, 7.4, and 7.7. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the grown films at pH 7.1 and 7.4 confirmed

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Analytical Solution of Transient Heat Conduction through a Hollow Cylindrical Thermal Insulation Material of a Temperature Dependant Thermal Conductivity
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The one-dimensional, cylindrical coordinate, non-linear partial differential equation of transient heat conduction through a hollow cylindrical thermal insulation material of a thermal conductivity temperature dependent property proposed by an available empirical
function is solved analytically using Kirchhoff’s transformation. It is assumed that this insulating material is initially at a uniform temperature. Then, it is suddenly subjected at its inner radius with a step change in temperature. Four thermal insulation materials were selected. An identical analytical solution was achieved when comparing the results of temperature distribution with available analytical solution for the same four case studies that assume a constant the

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 05 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Analytical Solution of Transient Heat Conduction through a Hollow Spherical Thermal Insulation Material of a Temperature Dependant Thermal Conductivity
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The one-dimensional, spherical coordinate, non-linear partial differential equation of transient heat conduction through a hollow spherical thermal insulation material of a thermal conductivity temperature dependent property proposed by an available empirical function is solved analytically using Kirchhoff’s transformation. It is assumed that this insulating material is initially at a uniform temperature. Then, it is suddenly subjected at its inner radius with a step change in temperature. Four thermal insulation materials were selected. An identical analytical solution was achieved when comparing the results of temperature distribution with available analytical solution for the same four case studies that assume a constant thermal con

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Publication Date
Thu May 01 2025
Journal Name
Process Safety And Environmental Protection
Electromembrane extraction of Cadmium (II) using a novel design of electrochemical cell with a flat sheet supported liquid membrane
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