A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of chromium (VI) was studied. The method is based on the reaction of chromium (VI) with promethazine forming a red colored species by chromium in hydrochloric acid medium and exhibits a maximum absorbance at 518 nm. A plot of absorbance with chromium (VI) gives a straight line indicating that Beer’s law has been obeyed over the range concentration of 0.05-4.0 µg/ml with a molar absorptivity of chromium(VI) 2.04  104 l.mol-1.cm-1 , Sandell’s sensitivity index of 0.0025 µg.cm-2 while the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.0924 µg.ml-1 and a relative standard deviation of (0.63-1.24)%,depending on the concentration level. The method is developed for the determination of chromium (III) and has been successfully applied to the determination of chromium in various water samples, pharmaceutical preparations, synthetic alloys and standard rock sample of known composition (MRG-1).
A new Turbidimetric method characterized by simplicity, accuracy and speed for determination of Hydronium ion by continuous flow injection analysis. The method was based on the formation of complex Zn3[Fe(CN)6] for Zinc(II) that was eluted by Hydronium ion from cation exchanger column with Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) for the formation of a pale yellow precipitate and this precipitate was determined using homemade Linear Array Ayah-5SX1-T-1D continuous flow injection analyser. The optimum parameters were 2.7 mL.min-1 flow rate using H2O as a carrier stream, 1.7 mL.min-1 reagent stream, 110 L sample volume and open valve for the purge of the sample segment. Data treatment shows that linear range 0.01-0.1 mol.L-1 for each acids (HClO
... Show MoreA new Turbidimetric method characterized by simplicity, accuracy and speed for determination of Hydronium ion by continuous flow injection analysis. The method was based on the formation of complex Zn3[Fe(CN)6] for Zinc(II) that was eluted by Hydronium ion from cation exchanger column with Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) for the formation of a pale yellow precipitate and this precipitate was determined using homemade Linear Array Ayah-5SX1-T-1D continuous flow injection analyser. The optimum parameters were 2.7 mL.min-1 flow rate using H2O as a carrier stream, 1.7 mL.min-1 reagent stream, 110 L sample volume and open valve for the purge of the sample segment. Data treatment shows that linear range 0.01-0.1 mol.L-1 for each acids (HClO
... Show MoreA specific, sensitive and new simple method was used for the determination of methyldopa in pure and pharmaceutical formulations by using continuous flow injection analysis. This method is based on formation of ion pair compound between methyldopa and potassium hexacyanoferrate in acidic medium to obtain a yellow precipitate complex using long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2). The linear range for calibration graph was 0.05-35 mmol/L for cell A and 0.05-25 mmol/L for cell B, and LOD 1.4292 µg /200 µL for both cells with correlation coefficient (r) 0.9981 for cell A and 0.9994 for cell B, RSD% was lower than 0.5 % for n=8 for. The results were compared with classical method UV-Spectrophotometric at λ max=280 nm and turbi
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Folate metabolism is fundamental and essential for DNA structure synthesis and repair. Change in genes that participate in folate metabolism can be linked with different types of malignant tumor, Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the association between methylenetetrahydrofolatereductaseMTHFR gene polymorphisms and risk of breast cancer in a sample of Iraqi patients. One Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ( SNP) including MTHFR C677T was calculated using a tetra primer ARMS PCR experiment assay. The results explained that (MTHFR C677T) consists of three genotype (CC, CT, TT), The CC genotype was the most frequent in patients and control group ( 40.00%) and(60.00%) ,respectively, while the lowest frequency was for TT genotype(26
... Show MoreBackground: Different diagnostic definition and criteria have been recommended by different expert groups for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, however, it’s prevalence in the same population could differ depending on the definition used yielding different results. In Iraq, there is a lack of research comparing these different diagnostic definitions. Objective: To find out the most suitable metabolic syndrome definition to be used for Iraqi people. Methods: 320 participants were recruited for this study, 53.4% men and 46.6% women, aged between 25-85 years, visiting Baghdad Teaching Hospital, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to different definitions were compared and the agreement was assessed by the Kappa st
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Abstract: Background: Prediabetes and are increasing in prevalence all over the world, they each carry risks to the future development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. These risks will be greatly exaggerated if they occur together in the same individual. The aim of the study was to find the prevalence and the association of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome, in addition to analyzing the correlation of the risk factors that lead to their development. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, simple random study that included 300 Iraqi individuals, aged between 30-75 years, who accepted to take part in this study were recruited. Result: Prevalence of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome was (33.66%) and (42%) r
... Show MoreBackground: Different diagnostic definition and criteria have been recommended by different expert groups for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, however, it’s prevalence in the same population could differ depending on the definition used yielding different results. In Iraq, there is a lack of research comparing these different diagnostic definitions.
Objective: To find out the most suitable metabolic syndrome definition to be used for Iraqi people.
Methods: 320 participants were recruited for this study, 53.4% men and 46.6% women, aged between 25-85 years, visiting Baghdad Teaching Hospital, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to different definition
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This work illustrates an enhanced visible light photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye (M.O.) by employing BiOI / BiOCl composites prepared under room temperature and without any organic precursors. Various experimental parameters have been studied, namely; composition of the composite, irradiation time and cell material. Composition D which implied 75% BiOI and 25% BiOCl has shown the highest bleaching of M.O. dye. This confirms the optimum photo-sensitization phenomenon for this composition in comparison to others. In the optimum photo-sensitized composite the electron of the conduction band reveals better reducing power and the hole of the valence band exhibits more oxidative power than those of pure BiOI electron and hole. Acco
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The finite element approach is used to solve a variety of difficulties, including well bore stability, fluid flow production and injection wells, mechanical issues and others. Geomechanics is a term that includes a number of important aspects in the petroleum industry, such as studying the changes that can be occur in oil reservoirs and geological structures, and providing a picture of oil well stability during drilling. The current review study concerned about the advancements in the application of the finite element method (FEM) in the geomechanical field over a course of century.
Firstly, the study presented the early advancements of this method by development the structural framework of stress, make numerical computer solution
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