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The Structural and Optical Properties of Zinc Telluride Thin Films by Vacuum Thermal Evaporation Technique
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Different thicknesseses of polycrystalline ZnTe films have been deposited on to glass substrates by vacuum evaporation technique under vacuum 2.1x10-5 mbar. The structural characteristics studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the films are polycrystalline and have a cubic (zinc blende ) structure. The calculated microstructure parameters revealed that the crystallite size increases with increasing film thicknesses. The optical measurements on the deposited films were performed in different thicknesseses [ 400 , 450 and 500]nm, to determine the transmission spectrum and the absorption spectra as a function of incident wavelength. The optical absorption coefficient (α) of the films was determined from transmittance spectra in the range of wavelength (400-1100) nm. The dependence of absorption coefficient, on the photon energy showed the occurrence of a direct transition with band gap energy from 2.24eV to 1.92eV (for ZnTe films of different thicknesseses), where with high film thicknesses there are several energy levels resulting in several overlapping energy bands in the band gap of these films. The overlapping energy bands therefore tend to reduce the energy band gap, resulting in lower band gaps for thicker films.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 20 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Proposition Framework to Application Kaizen Cost Technique of to realization Target Pricing: Practical Study in the Al-Muthanna Cement Company
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The study the problem emerged in the inability of local companies to enter the field of active competition with other companies operating in the same economic sector due to the high cost of their products, hence, the companies that want to apply this technique can effectively compete in order to achieve those objectives.

  So this study focused on the goal of reducing the cost of products by reducing the cost product to a minimum , as the study was based in its hypothesis on the ability of companies to application this technique which in turn leads to increased profits under conditions of normal working and the power available and their potential in improving the quality of its products, as well as the need for full coordina

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 31 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Origin of Creation in Khattab (The Beginning of Creation) by Imam Ali (as) and Genesis (Comparative Study)
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The research aims to answer the questions that revolve in the mind of mankind about how to create creation, how it existed prior to creation, who created existence, and the characteristics of that presence. The researcher also wanted to show that the culture of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) In the book of Adam, peace be upon him, God has punished Adam (peace be upon him) for not having sinned. Because his wife is the one who fed him the fruit of the tree, and this is contrary to what was stated in the sermon of Imam (peace be upon him) who Z Adam (peace be upon him) is the one who trusted Satan and Gwighth.

We note that the approach of the rhetoric has pointed to the creation of angels and did not refer to

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 14 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Origin of Creation in Khattab (The Beginning of Creation) by Imam Ali (as) and Genesis (Comparative Study)
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The research aims to answer the questions that revolve in the mind of mankind about how to create creation, how it existed prior to creation, who created existence, and the characteristics of that presence. The researcher also wanted to show that the culture of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) In the book of Adam, peace be upon him, God has punished Adam (peace be upon him) for not having sinned. Because his wife is the one who fed him the fruit of the tree, and this is contrary to what was stated in the sermon of Imam (peace be upon him) who Z Adam (peace be upon him) is the one who trusted Satan and Gwighth.We note that the approach of the rhetoric has pointed to the creation of angels and did not refer to the creation of Eve and the class

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Nonlinear Analysis And Applications (ijnaa)
Applying a suitable approximate-simulation technique of an epidemic model with random parameters
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Because the Coronavirus epidemic spread in Iraq, the COVID-19 epidemic of people quarantined due to infection is our application in this work. The numerical simulation methods used in this research are more suitable than other analytical and numerical methods because they solve random systems. Since the Covid-19 epidemic system has random variables coefficients, these methods are used. Suitable numerical simulation methods have been applied to solve the COVID-19 epidemic model in Iraq. The analytical results of the Variation iteration method (VIM) are executed to compare the results. One numerical method which is the Finite difference method (FD) has been used to solve the Coronavirus model and for comparison purposes. The numerical simulat

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 03 2013
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
New adaptive satellite image classification technique for al Habbinya region west of Iraq
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Efficiency of CFRP torsional strengthening technique for L-shaped spandrel reinforced concrete beams
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Abstract<p>The present study aims to get experimentally a deeper understanding of the efficiency of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets applied to improve the torsional behavior of L-shaped reinforced concrete spandrel beams in which their ledges were loaded in two stages under monotonic loading. An experimental program was conducted on spandrel beams considering different key parameters including the cross-sectional aspect ratio (<italic>i.e.</italic>, web height/web thickness), and the availability of the CFRP strengthening system. The ledge of the spandrel beams was exposed during testing to a very high eccentric load, which was transferred to the web of the spandrel beam </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
A Digital-Based Optimal AVR Design of Synchronous Generator Exciter Using LQR Technique
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In this paper a new structure for the AVR of the power system exciter is proposed and designed using digital-based LQR. With two weighting matrices R and Q,  this method produces an optimal regulator that is used to generate the feedback control law. These matrices are called state and control weighting matrices and are used to balance between the relative importance of the input and the states in the cost function that is being optimized. A sample power system composed of single machine connected to an infinite- bus bar (SMIB) with both a conventional and a proposed Digital AVR (DAVR) is simulated. Evaluation results show that the DAVR damps well the oscillations of the terminal voltage and presents a faster respo

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 27 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
New Adaptive Satellite Image Classification Technique for Al habbinya Region West of Iraq
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   Developing a new adaptive satellite images classification technique, based on a new way of merging between regression line of best fit and new empirical conditions methods. They are supervised methods to recognize different land cover types on Al habbinya region. These methods should be stand on physical ground that represents the reflection of land surface features.      The first method has separated the arid lands and plants. Empirical thresholds of different TM combination bands; TM3, TM4, and TM5 were studied in the second method, to detect and separate water regions (shallow, bottomless, and very bottomless). The Optimum Index Factor (OIF) is computed for these combination bands, which realized

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Taibah University Medical Sciences
Preparing polycaprolactone scaffolds using electrospinning technique for construction of artificial periodontal ligament tissue
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Objectives The strategies of tissue-engineering led to the development of living cell-based therapies to repair lost or damaged tissues, including periodontal ligament and to construct biohybrid implant. This work aimed to isolate human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and implant them on fabricated polycaprolactone (PCL) for the regeneration of natural periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues. Methods hPDLSCs were harvested from extracted human premolars, cultured, and expanded to obtain PDL cells. A PDL-specific marker (periostin) was detected using an immunofluorescent assay. Electrospinning was applied to fabricate PCL at three concentrations (13%, 16%, and 20% weight/volume) in two forms, which were examined through field emission

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 29 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Yellow Dye in Wastewater using H2O2/TiO2/UV Technique
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In the present study, advanced oxidation treatment, the TiO2 /UV/H2O2  process was applied to decolorisation of the reactive yellow dyes in aqueous solution. The UV radiation was carried out with a 6 W low-pressure mercury lamp. The rate of color removal was studied by measuring the absorbency at a characteristic wavelength. The effects of H2O2 dosage, dye initial concentration and pH on decolorisation kinetics in the batch photoreactor were investigated. The highest decolorisation rates were observed (98.8) at pH range between 3 and 7. The optimal levels of H2O2 needed for the process were examined. It appears that high levels of H2O2 could reduce decolori

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