Zygapophyseal joints (or facet joints), are a plane synovial joint which located between the articular facet processes of the vertebral arch which is freely guided movable joints. Ten dried vertebrae were used for the lumbar region and taking (L₄) as a sample to reveal stress pathways across the joints by using ANSYS program under different loading conditions which used Finite Elements Analysis model. Results obtained from the ANSYS program are important in understanding the boundary conditions for load analysis and the points of stress concentration which explained from the anatomical point of view and linked to muscle and ligament attachments. This model used as a computational tool to joint biomechanics and to prosthetic im

Writing as a female playwright in theatre gives a deeper depiction of woman’s real- self. Beth Henley has succeeded in providing a new realist vision of women’s abilities to face their inevitable tragic fates and how to conquer their despair. In Crimes of the Heart, the playwright uses certain method to present the development of the heroines’ characters through blending the tragic events with a comic frame. In fact, Henley focuses on the simple humorous activities more that the importance of the tragic event to present her vision of how to survive and face the crisis of life.

Crimes of the Heart is a play that is concerned about three sisters whose lives are headed in distinctly different directions; howe

Three hospitals were chosen for the present (Maternity hospital, Raperin hospital and Rhizgari hospital) survey within Erbil city, 36 water samples were collected at regular monthly interval periods beginning at January to December 2012. Microbial analysis was done by selective medium and biochemical tests and the isolated bacteria from those hospitals were Eshcerichia coli, Acinetobacter lowffii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxilla spp., Salmonella Typhi, Citrbtobacter freundii, Vibrio fluvials, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Weeksella zoohelcum, Pasteurella multicida, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. E. coli isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In vitro activities of 10 different antibiotics against E. coli isolates we

The coma gasses consist of molecules liberated from the nucleus by solar heating and relative sublimation. Once they have left the nucleus, these molecules in the coma are exposed to direct solar radiation and can be damaged in various ways due to the combined action of these reactions.

   One of some complex problems facing the research in this field is that the Maxwell-Boltzmann equation gives distribution function for one kind of particles which have same masses, but the gas has multi-groups of particles (Carbon, Neon, Sodium … etc.), where all these components must be in one program to extract average velocity of all and calculate particles velocity to each band. This problem is solved here by Matlab program a

Reinforced concrete (RC) beams containing a longitudinal cavity have become an innovative development and advantage for economic purposes of light-weight members without largely affecting their resistance against the applied loads. This type of openings can also be used for maintenance purposes and usage space of communication lines, pipelines, etc. RC beams are primarily loaded in the plane of the members, which are two-dimensional in a plane stress state and the dominant structural behaviours include bending, shear, or combination of both. In the present study, six numerical models of RC beams with and without openings were simulated by using commercial finite element software ANSYS to evaluate the structural behaviours of those b

This study aimed to explore and separate the phytochemicals of the whole plant Conyza canadensis, a naturally growing plant in Iraq, since no phytochemical research was done previously in Iraq. The whole plant of C. canadensis was defatted by maceration in hexane for 24 hours. The defatted plant materials were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus, the aqueous ethanol 85% as a solvent extraction for 9 hours, and fractionated by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for their steroids, alkaloids, and polyphenolic (phenolic acids and flavonoids) contents. One alkaloid was isolated from chloroform fractio

 Placental dysfunction and or fetal central nervous system infestation caused by Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading cause of congenital non-genetic neuro-developmental problems of the newborn, worldwide. Although the highest rates of congenital infection and CMV seroprevalence occurs in developing countries like Iraq, there remains a paucity of data from that part of the world. This descriptive case control study was undertaken in Babylon/ Iraq to determine the local seroprevalence of CMV in women of child bearing age, and to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with it.  This study found a seropositivity peak amongst the 26-35 yr olds which declined in the 36 – 45 yr olds. However, the