Fractal image compression depends on representing an image using affine transformations. The main concern for researches in the discipline of fractal image compression (FIC) algorithm is to decrease encoding time needed to compress image data. The basic technique is that each portion of the image is similar to other portions of the same image. In this process, there are many models that were developed. The presence of fractals was initially noticed and handled using Iterated Function System (IFS); that is used for encoding images. In this paper, a review of fractal image compression is discussed with its variants along with other techniques. A summarized review of contributions is achieved to determine the fulfillment of fractal image co

Let be a ring. Given two positive integers and , an module is said to be -presented, if there is an exact sequence of -modules with is -generated. A submodule of a right -module is said to be -pure in , if for every -Presented left -module the canonical map is a monomorphism. An -module has the -pure intersection property if the intersection of any two -pure submodules is again -pure. In this paper we give some characterizations, theorems and properties of modules with the -pure intersection property.

     Feature selection, a method of dimensionality reduction, is nothing but collecting a range of appropriate feature subsets from the total number of features. In this paper, a point by point explanation review about the feature selection in this segment preferred affairs and its appraisal techniques are discussed. I will initiate my conversation with a straightforward approach so that we consider taking care of features and preferred issues depending upon meta-heuristic strategy. These techniques help in obtaining the best highlight subsets. Thereafter, this paper discusses some system models that drive naturally from the environment are discussed and calculations are performed so that we can take care of the prefe

A graphene-based battery-like supercapacitors (SC) were manufactured. The prime objective of this research was to use environmentally friendly and natural materials as possible for the SC electrodes, electrolytes and the separators. The SC were designed in cells like batteries, three types of plastic cases were used as SC cells; the electrode and electrolyte materials were mixed together and a solution formed and placed in the designed cell. The electrode material was graphene powder with different weights mixed with different volumes of electrolytes (which were: lemon juice, apple vinegar, H2SO4 and HNO3), and the separators used were Polytetrafluoroethylene polymer (PTFE) and cellulose based parchment paper (PP).
Charging circuit wa

This research was aimed to study the osmotic efficiency of the draw solutions and the factors affecting the performance of forward osmosis process : The draw solutions used were magnesium sulfate hydrate (MgSO₄.7H₂O) pojtassium chloride (KCL), calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and ammonium bicarbonate (NH₄HCO₃). It was found that water flux increases with increasing draw solution concentration, and feed solution flow rate and decreases with increasing draw solution flow rate and feed solution concentration. And also found that the efficiency of the draw solutions is in the following order:

CaCl₂> KCI > NH₄HCO₃> MgSO₄.7H

      Nowadays, huge digital images are used and transferred via the Internet. It has been the primary source of information in several domains in recent years. Blur image is one of the most common difficult challenges in image processing, which is caused via object movement or a camera shake. De-blurring is the main process to restore the sharp original image, so many techniques have been proposed, and a large number of research papers have been published to remove blurring from the image. This paper presented a review for the recent papers related to de-blurring published in the recent years (2017-2020). This paper focused on discussing various strategies related to enhancing the software's for image de-blur.&n

    Developing a solid e-voting system that offers fairness and privacy for users is a challenging objective. This paper is trying to address whether blockchain can be used to build an efficient e-voting system, also, this research has specified four blockchain technologies with their features and limitations. Many papers have been reviewed in a study covered ten years from 2011 to 2020. As a result of the study, the blockchain platform can be a successful public ledger to implement an e-voting system. Four blockchain technologies have been noticed from this study. These are blockchain using smart contracts, blockchain relying on Zcash platform, blockchain programmed from scratch, and blockchain depending on digital signature. Each bl