One of the most significant environmental issues facing the planet today is air pollution. Due to development in industry and population density, air pollution has lately gotten worse. Like many developing nations, Iraq suffers from air pollution, particularly in its urban areas with heavy industry. Our research was carried out in Baghdad's Al-Nahrawan neighbourhood. Recently, ground surveys and remote sensing were used to study the monitoring of air pollution. In order to extract different gaseous and particle data, Earth Data source, Google Earth Engine (GEE), and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software were all employed. The findings demonstrated that there is a significant positive connection between data collected by ground-based devices and remote sensing platforms. The brick manufacturers' operations in the region's northwest and west directions from Baghdad were plainly having an impact on the region of Al-air Nahrawan's quality. As a result, residents in the area are more likely to contract illnesses caused by pollution.
One of the main environmental problems which affect extensively the areas in the world is soil salinity. Traditional data collection methods are neither enough for considering this important environmental problem nor accurate for soil studies. Remote sensing data could overcome most of these problems. Although satellite images are commonly used for these studies, however there are still needs to find the best calibration between the data and real situations in each specified area. Landsat satellite (TM & ETM+) images have been analyzed to study soil pollution (Exacerbation of salinity in the soil without the use of abandoned agricultural for a long time) at west of Baghdad city of Iraqi country for the years 1990, 2001 & 2007. All of the th
... Show MoreHeat island is known as the increases in air temperature through large and industrial cities compared to surrounding rural areas. In this study, remote sensing technology is used to monitor and track thermal variations within the city center of Baghdad through Landsat satellite images and for the period from 2000 to 2015. Several processors and treatments were applied on these images using GIS 10.6 and ERDAS 2014, such as image correction and extraction, supervised classification, and selection of training samples. Urban areas detection was resulted from the supervised classification linked to the temperature readings of the surface taken from the thermal bands of satellite images. The results showed that the surface temperature of the c
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Biodiversity, biological diversity, biological diversity, biological diversity, biological diversity, biological diversity, biological diversity (by developmental factors) environmental factors and environmental factors environmental factors and environmental factors and environmental factors Correlation between biology and the succession of geological and historical factors of living organisms and geological and historical factors to the site and what It is surrounded by natural and tourist attractions and the pursuit of scientific methods in order to advance the studies of biological diversity in the region .
This paper describes the use of remote sensing techniques in verification of the polluted area in Diyala River and Tigris River and the effected of AL-Rustamiyah wastewater treatment plant, which is located on Diyala River, one of the branches of Tigris River in south of Baghdad. SPOT-5 a French satellite image of Baghdad, Iraq was used with ground resolution of 2.5 m in May 2016. ENVI 5.1 software programming was utilized for Image processing to assess the water pollution of Diyala and Tigris River’s water. Five regions were selected from a study area and then classified using the unsupervised ISODATA method. The results indicated that four classes of water quality which are successful in assessing and mapping water pollution which confi
... Show MoreAir pollution is considered one of the major environmental problems that contain many challenges and difficulties facing most countries of the world, including Iraq. The problem has emerged widely with the emergence of the industrial revolution in the world and the tremendous increase in the population and the increase in the number of transportation and its development in addition to excavation, maintenance and work Construction and weather fluctuations, such as dust and sandstorms, pollution resulting from oil refining, extraction, diversion and other processes that cause pollution, and the start of the world using methods that limit the volume of environmental pollution. The most prominent of these methods is the imposition of
... Show MoreThe effects of land use/cover change are recognized as one of the challenges facing humans in the twenty-first century. In contrast to less developed regions, its characteristics are characterized by a variety of climatic conditions. The changes result in “Urban Heat Island”, in which the temperature in cities is higher than the temperature in the rest of the country. By monitoring the city of Baghdad for a short period, Baghdad's urbanization progressed quickly, which negatively affected the region’s climate through the decreasing of agricultural lands surrounding the area. Understanding the extent of effects on the environment is critical for long-term development. Climate change and environmental cleanup include making the right
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Drought is one of the most natural hazards that may harm human life and property under different weather and environmental conditions. This study used remote sensing data to monitor agricultural and meteorological drought in Babel Governorate. Drought maps were drawn using Landsat 8 images based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for 2015, 2018, and 2021. The meteorological drought was assessed using a standardized precipitation index (SPI 12) for the same years. The results showed that the SPI-12 indicated near-normal drought types in 2015 and 2018, whereas SPI values showed a lower value in 2021. Two drought categories were identified which were moderate drought and severe drought. The NDVI results showed tha
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In order to take measures in controlling soil erosion it is required to estimate soil loss over area of interest. Soil loss due to soil erosion can be estimated using predictive models such as Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The accuracy of these models depends on parameters that are used in equations. One of the most important parameters in equations used in both of models is (C) factor that represents effects of vegetation and other land covers. Estimating land cover by interpretation of remote sensing imagery involves Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), an indicator that shows vegetation cover. The aim of this study is estimate (C) factor values for Part of Baghdad city using NDVI derived from satellite Image of Landsat-7
... Show MoreThe object of the presented study was to monitor the changes that had happened in the main features (water, vegetation, and soil) of Al-Hammar Marsh region. To fulfill this goal, different satellite images had been used in different times, MSS 1973, TM 1990, ETM+ 2000, 2002, and MODIS 2009, 2010. A new technique of the unsupervised classification called (Color Extracting Technique) was used to classify the satellite images. MATLAP programming used the technique and separated Al-Hammar Marsh from other water features (rivers, irrigated lands, etc.) when calculated the changes in the water content of the study region. ArcGIS 9.3 (arcMAP, arcToolbox) were used to achieve this work and calculate area of each class.