Extraction and preparation of red organic dye from beetroot plant in different concentrations by using the solvent extraction process. Ethanol was the solvent used to prepare five different concentrations at the ratio of (Dye: Ethanol) abbreviated (D: E) 5:0,4:1, 3:2, 2:3,1:4. The optical, structural, and morphological properties are studied for the samples. The results appeared using the UV-Vis spectroscope the maximum peak of absorption (A) spectrum at wavelength Aλmax=480 nm when the transmittance (T) at the same wavelength 25% and the reflectivity 0.8%. Florescent (F) spectrum of beetroot dye is measured at wavelength Fλmax=535nm achieved to redshift about Δλ=55 nm. Also, measured the energy band gap Eg=2.36 eV and the refractive index n=1.36 of beetroot dye. Finally, the atomic force microscopy (AFM) found the average particle size of dye is 85.9 nm. The results illustrated the organic beetroot dye has a good homogeneity and stability at room temperature so that it can be used in painting, optical, and industrial applications. Also, the dye can be applied in color optics and color optical contact lenses, LASER, and sensitive dye solar cells, which means in different applications because it was harmless, environmentally friendly, and fall under green energy.
In this paper three techniques for image compression are implemented. The proposed techniques consist of three dimension (3-D) two level discrete wavelet transform (DWT), 3-D two level discrete multi-wavelet transform (DMWT) and 3-D two level hybrid (wavelet-multiwavelet transform) technique. Daubechies and Haar are used in discrete wavelet transform and Critically Sampled preprocessing is used in discrete multi-wavelet transform. The aim is to maintain to increase the compression ratio (CR) with respect to increase the level of the transformation in case of 3-D transformation, so, the compression ratio is measured for each level. To get a good compression, the image data properties, were measured, such as, image entropy (He), percent r
... Show MoreIn this paper three techniques for image compression are implemented. The proposed techniques consist of three dimension (3-D) two level discrete wavelet transform (DWT), 3-D two level discrete multi-wavelet transform (DMWT) and 3-D two level hybrid (wavelet-multiwavelet transform) technique. Daubechies and Haar are used in discrete wavelet transform and Critically Sampled preprocessing is used in discrete multi-wavelet transform. The aim is to maintain to increase the compression ratio (CR) with respect to increase the level of the transformation in case of 3-D transformation, so, the compression ratio is measured for each level. To get a good compression, the image data properties, were measured, such as, image entropy (He), percent root-
... Show MoreIn this paper , an efficient new procedure is proposed to modify third –order iterative method obtained by Rostom and Fuad [Saeed. R. K. and Khthr. F.W. New third –order iterative method for solving nonlinear equations. J. Appl. Sci .7(2011): 916-921] , using three steps based on Newton equation , finite difference method and linear interpolation. Analysis of convergence is given to show the efficiency and the performance of the new method for solving nonlinear equations. The efficiency of the new method is demonstrated by numerical examples.
This book includes four main chapters: 1. Indefinite Integral. 2. Methods of Integration. 3. Definite Integral. 4. Multiple Integral. In addition to many examples and exercises for the purpose of acquiring the student's ability to think correctly in solving mathematical questions.
Abstract Software-Defined Networking (commonly referred to as SDN) is a newer paradigm that develops the concept of a software-driven network by separating data and control planes. It can handle the traditional network problems. However, this excellent architecture is subjected to various security threats. One of these issues is the distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack, which is difficult to contain in this kind of software-based network. Several security solutions have been proposed recently to secure SDN against DDoS attacks. This paper aims to analyze and discuss machine learning-based systems for SDN security networks from DDoS attack. The results have indicated that the algorithms for machine learning can be used to detect DDoS
... Show MoreHeat transfer around a flat plate fin integrated with piezoelectric actuator used as oscillated fin in laminar flow has been studied experimentally utilizing thermal image camera. This study is performed
for fixed and oscillated single and triple fins. Different substrate-fin models have been tested, using fins of (35mm and 50mm) height, two sets of triple fins of (3mm and 6mm) spacing and three frequencies
applied to piezoelectric actuator (5, 30 and 50HZ). All tests are carried out for (0.5 m/s and 3m/s) in subsonic open type wind tunnel to evaluate temperature distribution, local and average Nusselt number (Nu) along the fin. It is observed, that the heat transfer enhancement with oscillation is significant compared to without o
The corrosion behavior of 2024 aluminium alloy was investigated in alkaline medium (pH=13) containing 0.6 . in absence and presence of different concentrations of three amino acids separately [Methionine, Glutamice acid and Lysine] as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors over the temperature range (293-308)K. Electrochemical polarization method using potentiostatic technique was employed. The inhibition efficiency increased with an increase of the inhibitor concentration but decreased with increase in temperature . The maximum efficiency value was found with lysine =80.4 of 293 k and 10 . concentration of lysine. The adsorption of the amino acids was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm . Some thermodynamic parameter âˆ
... Show MoreBackground: DVT is a very common problem with a very serious complications like pulmonary embolism (PE) which carries a high mortality,and many other chronic and annoying complications ( like chronic DVT, post-phlebitic syndrome, and chronic venous insufficiency) ,and it has many risk factors that affect its course, severity ,and response to treatment. Objectives: Most of those risk factors are modifiable, and a better understanding of the relationships between them can be beneficial for better assessment for liable pfatients , prevention of disease, and the effectiveness of our treatment modalities. Male to female ratio was nearly equal , so we didn’t discuss the gender among other risk factors. Type of the study:A cross- secti
This book includes three main chapters: 1. Functions & Their Derivatives. 2. Minimum, Maximum and Inflection points. 3. Partial Derivative. In addition to many examples and exercises for the purpose of acquiring the student's ability to think correctly in solving mathematical questions.
World statistics declare that aging has direct correlations with more and more health problems with comorbid conditions. As healthcare communities evolve with a massive amount of data at a faster pace, it is essential to predict, assist, and prevent diseases at the right time, especially for elders. Similarly, many researchers have discussed that elders suffer extensively due to chronic health conditions. This work was performed to review literature studies on prediction systems for various chronic illnesses of elderly people. Most of the reviewed papers proposed machine learning prediction models combined with, or without, other related intelligence techniques for chronic disease detection of elderly patie
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