The aim of the currnet study to examine the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in diabetic patients on coagulation parameters. This retrospective case–control study involves 130 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), divided into 65 T2DM with newly diagnosed SCH and 65 euthyroid (EUT) T2DM patients without SCH. Fibrinogen (FIB) was significantly higher in SCH (508.2 ± 63.0 mg/dL) than EUT (428.1 ± 44.8 mg/dL). In the SCH patients, FIB correlated with several parameters, such as age (β = 0.396), body mass index (β = 0.578), glycated hemoglobin (β = 0.281), and activated partial thromboplastin time (β = 0.276). In conclusion SCH in DM patients appears to increase the magnitude of coagulopathy.

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed form of malignant tumour in Iraqi women. Tamoxifen and trastuzumab are highly effective adjuvant therapy for breast cancer.

This study's objectives were to define the patient's belief in tamoxifen or trastuzumab when used as adjuvant therapy and to determine the variation in belief between the two medications in a sample of Iraqi breast cancer patients.

The cross-section survey was conducted using the BMQ-Specific questionnaire. Ninety-seven participants (sixty-seven tamoxifen, thirty trastuzumab) participated in this study.

The mean of specific-necessity scale for tamoxifen was (3.7) and for trastuzumab (4). The findings showed a high necessity for both medicines, and there wer

Monitoring lotic ecosystems is vital for addressing sustainability issues. The Al-Shamiyah River is the primary source of water for various daily activities in the Al-Shamiyah district. This study assessed the pollution levels of the river by measuring the concentration and distribution of heavy metals—specifically chromium, cadmium, manganese, copper, zinc, and lead—in both the river's water and sediments. The concentrations of heavy metals in the water ranged from 0.05 to 1.44µg/ L for copper (Cu), 1.57 to 7.25µg/ L for manganese (Mn), 0 to 1.7µg/ L for cadmium (Cd), 0.02 to 1.33µg/ L for lead (Pb), 0.08 to 2.74µg/ L for zinc (Zn), and 0.44 to 1.84µg/ L for chromium (Cr). In the particulate phase, the concentrations ranged from

Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is getting popularity for the treating of symptomatic gall bladder disease; conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy (OC) is also common.

Objective : To find out the prevalence of causes, risk factors of conversion from LC to OC among  patient suffering from gall bladder disease, and  to explore the most common causes of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of general surgery at Alkindy teaching hospital from first of January 2016 to the end of December 2017 .Nine hundred twenty patient were included. Patient age, gender, his

The Comedy of patterns dramas that gave Representative possibilities of advanced functionality and wide being dependent on the diversity performance piece , which is intended to provoke laughter at the receiver, through the diversity of genres performing between dancing and singing and Albantomaim and other methods that have made them distinct from the species dramas other being enabled Representative in dealing with all roles across mature and adaptation of his tools of physical and vocal , as the comedy discusses the societal issues many have a factor of psychological and behind their platforms as a tool face is not directly give way to vent citizen injustice and disadvantages of humans and these conditions need to techniques of physic

  The present study was conducted on spring-fed(Abdullah Abu-Nadjem Oasis)west of AlDewanyah province,Iraq. ,during Winter 2007.    The results indicate that water quality was neutral tend to be slightly alkaline pH was 7.7 and 7.4 for station(1)and station (2) respectively.   Total hardness value of water about 1520 and 1488 mg/l.for two stations respectively ,This high values of hardness may be due to Calcium ions 397.5 and 395.5mg/l.for two stations. According to Salinity values (1.58 - 2.22) ‰(ppt) ,water of oasis may be classified as brackish water, the oasis water was well aerated dissolved oxygen was 5.3 and 7.4 mg/l.     On the other hand about (58) algal taxa were recorded

The marshes are one of the important environmental features affecting human and animal systems, so the studying of changes they undergo is one of the important topics. This study is concerned with the changes occurring in the Al Saadya marsh for the period from 1987 to 2017 exclusively in the winter season (the marshes’ revival season in Iraq revive). In order to inspect the changes in this marsh, we choose 7 years to cover the study period as a criterion years, namely 1987, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2007, 2014 and 2017. The “Maximum Likelihood” classifier was used to separate the stacked land cover features, where the minimum overall accuracy ratio that recorded for all years of study was 96%. The results revealed that Al-Saadya marsh went t

Sustainability is a major demand and need pursued by cities in all areas of life due to the environmental, social and economic gains they provide, especially in the field of city planning and urban renewal projects that aim to integrate the past, present and future.

The research aims to evaluate the Haifa Street renewal project, and Al-Shawaka district, one of the Baghdad districts located next to Al-Karkh, was elected by comparing the sustainability indicators of urban renewal with the reality of the situation through a field survey and questionnaire form and focusing on the social and economic impacts and environmental for the project on the study area. To reach the most important conclusions and recommendations

Imam Muslim bin Qasim al-Qurtubi   And his efforts in wound and modification