The current study was conducted on irrigational project called (Beat Zwena River), located in Jadedat- alshat, within the province of Dyala, which is divided from the right side of the Tigris River, the project significant environmental importance was passed in several agricultural areas estimated about 1600 acres, and it is also used for the purposes of irrigation and drinking. One of the major drawback for the current study is the almost lack data about the physiochemical parameter, in addition to measure (chlorophyll a and phyophtin of the River under investigation, in five locations for the period of October 2013 until June 2014. The range of studied properties was: 10.83 -38.75°C and 9.17 -28.5°C for air and water temperature, water depth (165 - 284.33 cm), light transmittance, (14.5 - 152cm) , turbidity (0.27-106.98) NUT, electrical conductivity, EC,(514.83 - 1027.5) µS/cm , salinity (1.15-4.88 part per thousand), total dissolved solids, TDS (287.83- 861.6) mg/l and total suspended solids TSS (2- 49.87) mg/l, pH (6.25- 7.98), dissolved oxygen, DO (3.65- 11.25)mg/l and biological oxygen demand. BOD5 (1.07- 4.35 mg / l, total alkalinity, TA (115.33- 187.5 ) mg CaCO3/l, total hardness, TH,( 221.83- 338.83) mg CaCO3/l, calcium, Ca (52.08-101.36) mg CaCO3/l, and magnesium , (74.62- 177.89) mg CaCO3 /l, total nitrate NO3(0.20- 6.50) mg /l, effective nitrate NO3 (1.55- 6.55) mg/l and effective phosphate PO4 (0.02 - 4.16) mg/l, sulfate SO4 (131.5- 283)mg/l, chlorophyll a, ( 0.12- 25.65) and Phaeophytin-a, (0.85- 25.93). mg/l, respectively. Results of the study showed that most of the studied characteristics and private (Salinity, EC, TH, PO4, BOD5, Turbidity, TDS and Mg) were once influential or higher rates than permitted environmentally, according to WHO, FAO Organization, as well as the Iraqi specifications for the river water, which show that human activities in the region significant effect on water and environment of project.
Optical properties of Rhodamine-B thin film prepared by PLD
technique have been investigated. The absorption spectra using
1064nm and 532 nm laser wavelength of different laser pulse
energies shows that all the curves contain two bands, B band and Q
bands with two branches, Q1 and Q2 band and a small shift in the
peaks location toward the long wavelength with increasing laser
energy. FTIR patterns for Rhodamine-B powder and thin film within
shows that the identified peaks were located in the standard values
that done in the previous researches. X-ray diffraction patterns of
powder and prepared Rhodamine-B thin film was display that the
powder has polycrystalline of tetragonal structure, while the thin film
Interest has largely centered on the use of plant fibers to reinforce plastics, because these fibers are abundant and cheap. Carrot fibers (Curran) have been extracted from carrot, left over from carrot juice manufacture. The fibers of two sizes fine (50<µm) and coarse (100-150 µm) have been mixed with epoxy in four levels of loading (10, 20, 30, 40 wt %) respectively. Impact test, shore d hardness test and three point bending test of epoxy and carrot fiber-epoxy composites samples have been determined. The impact strength values of samples prepared with fine and coarse fibers increased as compared with pure epoxy sample. Hardness values increased, and the Young’s modulus values decreased with fiber content of both sizes.
An Investigation of estimated Mechanical Properties of AL-Alloys 2024-T3, which is the most commonly used in industrial applications, been established experimentally. A new novel Plasma Peening techniques had applied for the whole surfaces of the material by CNC-Plasma machine for 48 specimen, and then a new investigation were toke over to figure the amount of change in mechanical properties and estimated fatigue life. It found that improvement was showing a nonlinear behavior according to peening duration time, speed, peening distance, peening number, and amount of effected power on the depth of the material thickness. The major improvement was at medium speed long duration time normal peening distance. Which shows up t
... Show MoreThin films samples of Bismuth sulfide Bi2S3 had deposited on
glass substrate using thermal evaporation method by chemical
method under vacuum of 10-5 Toor. XRD and AFM were used to
check the structure and morphology of the Bi2S3 thin films. The
results showed that the films with law thickness <700 nm were free
from any diffraction peaks refer to amorphous structure while films
with thickness≥700 nm was polycrystalline. The roughness decreases
while average grain size increases with the increase of thickness. The
A.C conductivity as function of frequency had studied in the
frequency range (50 to 5x106 Hz). The dielectric constant,
polarizability showed significant dependence upon the variation of
thic
Sb2S3 thin films have been prepared by chemical bath deposition on a glas sub Absorbance and transmittance spectra were recorded in the wavelength range (30-900) nm. The effects of thickness on absorption coefficient, reflectance, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant were estimated. It was found that the reflectivity, absorption coefficient , extinction coefficient, real part of dielectric constant and refractive index, all these parameters decrease as the thickness increased, while the imaginary part of the dielectric constant increase as the thickness incre
... Show MorePetrophysical properties of Mishrif Formation at Amara oil field is determined
from interpretation of open log data of (Am-1, 2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,9 ,10 ,11 ,12
and13) wells. These properties include the total, the effected and the secondary
porosity, as well as the moveable and the residual oil saturation in the invaded and
uninvaded zones. According to petrophysical properties it is possible to divided
Mishrif Formation which has thickness of a proximately 400 m, into seven main
reservoir units (MA, MB11, MB12, MB13, MB21, MC1, MC2) . MA is divided into
four secondary reservoir units , MB11 is divided into five secondary reservoir units ,
MB12 is divided into two secondary reservoir units , MB13 is divided into
In this work, (CdO)1-x (CoO)x thin films were prepared on glass slides by laser-induced plasma using Nd:YAG laser with (λ=1064 nm) and duration (9 ns) at different laser energies (200-500 mJ) with ratio (x=0.5), The influence of laser energy on structural and optical properties has been studied. XRD patterns show the films have a structure of polycrystalline wurtzite. As for AFM tests results for the topography of the surface of the film, where the results showed that the grain size and the average roughness increase with increasing laser energy. The optical properties of all films were also studied and the results showed that the absorption coefficient for within the wavelength range (280-1100 nm), The value of the optical power gap fo
... Show MoreThe objective of present study was to investigate the effect of using mixture volaticle oil of rosmarinus and nigella sativa to improve some of the meat quality characteristics, physical and limited storage time of minced cold poultry meat. Duplex volaticle oil was added at 0.025, 0.050 and 0.075 g/kg to minced poultry meat, these treatments were stored individually for 0 , 4 and 7 days at 4-7C0. After making several chemical, physical and oxidation indicators, the following results were obtained:
The process of adding volaticle oil to minced poultry meat led to significant increase (P<0.01)in moisture, prot
... Show MoreThe adsorption of hexavalent chromium by preparing activated carbon from date seeds with zinc chloride as chemical activator and granular date seeds was studied in a batch system. The characteristics of date seeds and prepared activated carbon (ZAC) were determined and found to have a surface area 500.01 m2/g and 1050.01 m2/g , respectively and iodine number of 485.78 mg/g and 1012.91 mg/g, respectively. The effects of PH value (2-12), initial sorbate concentration(50-450mg/L), adsorbent weight (0.004-0.036g) and contact time (30-150 min) on the adsorption process were studied . For Cr(VI) adsorption on ZAC, at 120 min time contact, pH solution 2 and 0.02 adsorbent weight will ach
... Show More