Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and remains one of the main reasons of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. KRAS variant rs61764370 (T>G) is associated with an increased risk of occurrence of many cancers, Here The case-control study was accomplished on 135 women including 45 women with breast cancer patients, 45 women with benign breast lesions and 45 healthy women to analyze the association of KRAS variant rs (61764370 T>G) with breast cancer. LCS 6 variant in KRAS gene was amplified by using specific primers, then genotype was detected after sequencing the PCR products. The results showed that the genotype and allele frequency of TT and GT allele of  KRAS

Repeated blood transfusion in beta thalassemia major patients may lead to peroxidative tissue injury by secondary iron overload. In the present study, 100 patients(50 male+50 female) with beta thalassemia major patients with age (5-20) years and 60 healthy control were included during their attendance at Abin Al_Baladi hospital in Baghdad. Malondialdehyde ,Superoxide Dismutase and Vitamin E, were measured by using kits.The results showed A highly significant (p<0.01)increase in the levels of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide Dismutase, whereas, significant p(<0.01)decrease in the levels of vitamin-E, This suggest that oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant defense mechanism play an important role in pathogenesis of beta thalassemia

     This paper aims to find out if FOXP-3 was expressed in samples from Iraqi cervical cancer patients. Expression of FOXP-3 was detected in 55 cervical tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. Since thirty-five cases of aggressive cervical cancer were included, along with 20 normal samples used as controls. The nucleus and cytoplasm levels of FOXP-3 were counted, considering the ratio of positive cells and intensity. FOXP3 cytoplasmic staining was found in 27 out of 35 cases. Only 11 out of 35 samples displayed nuclear lymphocyte staining. Furthermore, four samples expressed this marker in both the nuclear and cytoplasm of the cervical cells. There is a highly significant difference in FOXP3 expression in the cytoplasm of

The present study conducted on 30 female patients with osteoarthritis 0A a
attending Baghdad teaching hosp ital, in addition to 30 healthy females , all subjects
were ( 35-65) years old.
Some biochemical parameters were measured in the sera of patients and healthy
group s. The parameters were Glutathione (GSH). Ceruloplasmin (Cp) and some trace
elements ,including Copper (Cu) ,Cu/ Cp ratio and Selenium (Se) were determined . The
results revealed a significant reduction in all parameters of patients sera compared to
healthy group .
The reduction in GSH and Cu/Cp ratio confirms tissue damage associated with
oxidative stress injury
A conclusion was obtained hrer ,that Cu wasn’t an important ele

Background: The genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) have an association with thalassemia development, additionally to the environmental elements that elicited the disorder in the genetically predisposed individuals. As well, VDR functions responsible for the regulation of bone metabolism, such its part in immunity. Aim: The sitting study intended to inspect the association between thalassemia disease and the genetic polymorphisms of VDR among the Iraqi population then compared these findings to other findings of thalassemia patients in other different ethnic populations. Materials and methods: The restriction enzymes Bsm-I and Fok-I were applied to determine the genetic polymorphisms frequencies of VDR by a Polymerase Chain Re

Background: depressed mood and anxiety are common symptoms in hospitalized cancer patients .it is often presumed that anxiety and depression affect the occurrence and experience of physical symptoms . the researcher was aimed to assess the level of depression among cancer patients and the chemotherapy side effects and to find out the significant difference between depression level regarding these side effects.
Patients and methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted on a purposive sample of 50 cancer patients from both sexes who were admitted to Radiation and Neuclur Medicine Hospital in Baghdad for the purpose of giving chemotherapy for the period from April 4th to June 20th , 2008. A structure

Free radicals and oxidative damage caused by them have being suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. These may result from distorted equilibrium of pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant system that continuously generates and detoxifies oxidants during normal aerobic metabolism. Escape of such system from equilibrium leads to damage of cellular elements with the depletion of cellular stores of anti-oxidants material such as glutathione and vitamin E. Therefore, free radical scavengers (vitamin E or melatonin) seems to be of potential benefit as prophylactic anti-migraine therapy by neutralizing free radicals overproduction and possibly preventing formation of highly toxic intermediates (such as nitric oxide). In addition of being pow

Correlation of Serum levels of Chromium, Copper, and Manganese with the Glucose levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ira

Background: The metabolism of many trace elements such as chromium, copper, and manganese were reported to be altered in type 2 diabetes militates. This element may have specific roles in the pathogenesis and progress of this disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the serum levels of copper, chromium, and manganese in type 2 diabetic patients in Iraq. 

Patients and Methods: This case-control study included 100 type 2 diabetic patients, 35-60 years old, with high BMI as cases, and 100 non-diabetic subjects as controls who were healthy

Breast cancer was one of the most common reasons for death among the women in the world. Limited awareness of the seriousness of this disease, shortage number of specialists in hospitals and waiting the diagnostic for a long period time that might increase the probability of expansion the injury cases. Consequently, various machine learning techniques have been formulated to decrease the time taken of decision making for diagnoses the breast cancer and that might minimize the mortality rate. The proposed system consists of two phases. Firstly, data pre-processing (data cleaning, selection) of the data mining are used in the breast cancer dataset taken from the University of California, Irvine machine learning repository in this stage we