The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of essential oil extracted from yellow peels of Citrus aurantium on the radial growth of all fungi.  Penicillium expansum, Aspergilus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum.              The results showed significant gradual reduction of the surface growth of fungi, P. expansum and A. flavus was more affected by the essential oil, while  F. oxysporum  showed less sensitivity towards the essential oil. The reaction of growth was inconcommitant with increasing concentrationsof oil, reaching concentration of (5)% which showed complete inhibition.

Artemisia is a perennial wild shrub with large branches and compound leaves. Artemisia contains about 400 types, and its medical importance is due to the presence of many active substances and compounds such as volatile oils, alkaloids and flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and coumarins. This study was designed to study the effect of the aqueous extract of the fruit of the Artemisia plant on the organs of the body, as well as to know its ability to activate the hepatic enzyme alanine transaminase (ALT/GPT). The fruit of this shrub was extracted using the measurement technique gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MASS) and organic solvent hexane and ethyl acetate in one to one ratio. It contained 21 compounds, a high percentage

Effect of drought stress induced by mannitol on secondary products in callus of Golden Sunrise cherry tomatoes were studied in vitro. Seeds were irradiated with gamma at the doses (0, 20, or 40 Gy), and germinated on Murashige and Skoog, (MS) basal medium. Callus were initiated from cotyledon leaf explants using a combination of (2.0 kin + 2.0 IAA mg. l^-1) then transferred into MS medium supplemented with mannitol at concentrations of (0, 40, and 60 g.l^-1). Vitamin C(vit C), enzyme activity, Ascorbate peroxidase (Apx), and Amylase  enzymes, Proline amino acid and β- carotene were quantified by high-performance Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results revealed that, highest contents of (Apx) 128.16 µg. m

In this study, the effects of different loading doses of cerium in the prepared NaY zeolite from Iraqi kaolin were investigated. Al-Duara  refinery atmospheric residue fluid catalytic cracking was selected as palpation reaction for testing the catalytic activity of cerium loading NaY zeolite.  The insertion of cerium in NaY zeolites has been synthesized by simple ion exchange methods. Three samples of modified zeolite Y have been obtained by replacing the sodium ions in the original sample with cerium and the weight percent added are 0.35, 0.64, and 1.06 respectively. The effects of cerium loading to zeolite Y in different weight percent on the cracking catalysts were studied by employing a laboratory fluidized

This study was aimed to study the effect of adding transglutaminase (TGase) on the mechanical and reservation properties of the edible films manufactured from soybean meal protein isolate (SPI) and whey protein isolate(WPI). The results showed an improvement in the properties with increase in the WPI ratios. Thickness of the SPI films amounted 0.097 mm decreased to 0.096 mm for the WPI: SPI films at a ratio of 2:1, when TGase was added decreased to 0.075 mm. While the tensile strength increased from 7.64 MPa for SPI films to eight MPa for the WPI: SPI films at a ratio of 2:1, when TGase was added increased to 11.04 MPa. Also, the elongation of the WPI: SPI films at a ratio of 2:1 presence of the TGase decreased to 40.6% compared wit

The child spends several hours watching animated films, which affect their behavior negatively and positively. This calls parents to monitor what their children are watching, to show them the serious risks of some violent films, and to direct them toward choosing both positive and educational programs that develop their positive behavior. This study aimed to explore the positive and negative effects of watching animation films as well as to identify the role animation films in increasing the cognitive knowledge of kindergarteners. To do this, the descriptive and analytical methods were used. A questionnaire was adopted as a tool for data collection. A scale of (45) items classified into three categories was applied on  the r

This study was carried out to investigate the cytogenetic effects of crude aqueous extract of Lycium barbarum on the roots tip of Allium cepa Using three concentration 125, 25, 50 mg/ ml for 2, 4, 6 hours treatment periods.This study were included some cytogenetic analysis such as mitotic index , phase index and chromosome aberration. The data showed that the treatment with 50mg/ml for 6huors led to reduce the mitotic index less than 50% . This reduction considered to have toxic and sublethal effect . These results revealed mutagenic potency by inducing differents type of chromosome aberration.

The effects of temperature on an exotic aquatic snail Pomacea canaliculata  (Lamarck, 1819) collected from the Shatt Al-Arab intertidal zone were investigated. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted during the summer period of 2017. Individuals of new born snails hatched in the laboratory from adult snails were collected from Shatt Al-Arab intertidal zone, and subjected to five fixed temperatures: 15, 25, 35, 40 and 45 Cº, after short term thermal acclimation. The heartbeats (HB) were counted at each temperature level. The results showed significant  direct increase of HB from 15 Cº (19.8 HB/min) up to 25 Cº (76 HB/min) (P<0.05)  as well as from 25 Cº to 35 Cº (93 HB/min). At 40 Cº the snail HB

جريت دراسة مختبرية لمعرفة تأثير الزيت الطيار لقشور ثمار نبات النارنج الصفرC. aurantium تجاه النمو السطحي للفطريات Penicillium expansum، Aspergillus flavus و Fusarium oxysporum ، أظهرت نتائج الفعالية التثبيطية للزيت الطيار تأثيراً معنويا متفاوتاً في الفطريات المشمولة بالدراسة، إذ كان الزيت الطيار أكثر تأثيرأَ في الفطر P. expansum تلاه الفطر A. flavus ،في حين كان الفطر oxysporum F.أقل حساسية تجاه الزيت الطيار. بصورة عامة اظهر الزيت الطيار تأثيرا تثبيطيا