Seventy exudative lymphocytic pleural fluid specimens of patients with suspected tuberculous pleural effusion submitted to the National Reference Laboratory of tuberculosis/Baghdad from October 2012 to February 2013. These effusions were due to tuberculosis pleuritis (n=12) and non-tuberculosis pleuritis (n=58). The following parameters were analyzed: protein concentration, glucose concentration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration and adenosine deaminase activity (ADA). As a result, the protein concentration was higher in TPE patients (8.80 ± 0.89 g/dl) than it's concentration in non-TPE patients (7.61 ± 0.54 g/dl), as well as LDH concentration was (3366.58 ± 284.28 U/L) in TPE patients and (3024.12 ± 116.84 U/L) in non-TPE pa

The impact of smoking on human health is remarkable and can lead to death. This research was performed to test the effects of cigarette smoking on some parameters that are considered as signs of critical problems in human body. The study was carried out on fifty Iraqi male smokers in Baghdad city, who smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least 15 years. The group includes 25 male smokers with an age range of 20 -55 years and 25 male non-smokers who were collected with the same range of age for statistical comparison. The results of the study revealed significant increases in blood parameters, including hemoglobin (Hb, 16.0917 (g/dl) , packed cell volume (PCV, 49.2%), red blood cells (RBC, 5.4763 X1012/L), white blood cell (WBC, 1

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of the crude extracts mixture of three plants (Tribulus terrestris, Phoenix dactylifera and Nasturtium officinale) on semen quality,sex hormones and reproductive performance of mature male mice. A group of 25 male mice given 150mg/kg/day of the powder of the plants mixture with the food for four weeks and another three groups of 25 animals each given intraperitoneal injection from each of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts with a doses 75, 150, and 300mg/kg/day for two weeks. A remarkable increase in sperm concentration and motility with a decreased abnormal morphology was obtained in the experimental groups. A significant increase in hormones level were recognized in most grou

Copper (Cu) Zinc (Zn) and Magnesium (Mg) in serum, RBC, urine and dialyzate fluids were
studied in 39 patients, who have been undergoing chronic haemodialysis treatment. They were
divided in to polyuric , oliguric and anuric depending on their urinary output. Elevated serum and
RBC Mg was observed before dialysis, while decreased serum and RBC level was noticed except
serum Mg of polyuric patients. Before dialysis elevated serum and RBC Zn were observed. While
after dialysis these parameters were increased. Normal RBC Cu value before dialysis was observed.
While low serum Cu was noticed. After dialysis serum Cu showed raised value, while RBC level
decreased in oliguric and increased in polyuric patients. Zn / Cu rati

Total protein and total fucose were determined in sera of thyroid

disorder patients.

Sera of (40) diagnosed by consultant hyperthyroidism, and 40 hypothyroidism  were analyzed  for  the above  parameter  for  control, sera of (40) normal individuals were used.

They   were   healthy   with    no  appearing   disorder   results   analysis revealed  no significant  differences  (P<0.05)  in  the (mean  Â±SD)  of total   protein   values  in   sera  of   hyper  and   hypothyroidism   were compared

A series of new 1,3,4- oxadiazole derivatives and cyclic Imides containing Creatinine
heterocyclic molecule were prepared via following method:first step included Synthesis of
amic acid from reaction between different cyclic anhydrides with Creatinine which
subsequently dehydrated to the corresponding imide via treatment with acetic anhydride
and anhydrous sodium acetate,.then,second step was tratedamic acid with Thionyl chloride
producing acid chloride which on amination with hydrazine hydrate in thierd step and the
last turn to 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives by condensation reaction with Phosphorous
Oxychloride(POCl3) and different benzoic acids. Cyclization to 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole
derivatives. Antibacterial activit

The spectacular film is a type of feature films which has specific elements that contribute in increasing the aesthetics of the shape in its structure. The researcher started studying this type of films by researching the spectacular film concept, the history of its development, who are its most important stars and then tackling the Indian cinema represented by Bollywood, which is considered a school for this type of film. The researcher addressed the most important influential elements that entre in its production as well as studying these elements that contribute to building the shape including the configuration, movements of cameras, lenses, the lighting, colors, costumes etc. and what influence they have in forming a special aestheti

In the present study the radon concentration was measured in indoor places by the RAD7 (radon detector) was in some locations at Al-Tuwaitha nuclear site and some surrounding areas for the duration from 13/10/2016 to 2/1/2017 and the measurement of the indoor radon concentration ranged from (4.96±4.4 to 102±25) Bq/m3. The high value of radon has been found at decommissioning directorate /emergency room, which is lower than the action value recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which is (148 Bq/m3) while the lowest value has been founded in central laboratories directorate \ models room. These values were used to calculate the annual effective dose and the health risks for cells bronchial which caused by the inhalatio

Three hundred and sixty different samples were collected from different sources, including wound, burn, nasal, and oral swabs from several hospitals in Baghdad. A number of 150 (53%) Staphylococcus aureus samples were isolated and identified among a total of 283 samples. Then, the spread of the Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 gene (tsst-1) was investigated in β-lactamase resistant S. aureus. According to the source of samples, the distribution of S. aureus  isolates was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.01) in wound samples as compared to other sources. According to the age, a highly significant  distribution (p < 0.01) was recorded in the age group of 15-30 years,

Background: Osteoarthritis is a complicated, chronic disorder of cartilage and bone, associated with homeostasis of bio-elements. The current study aims to assess the role of serum progranulin levels among Iraqi patients with knee osteoarthritis. Patients and Methods: The study encompassed 50 patients aged 52.50 ± 3.12 years (25 males and 25 females), admitted to the at the Baghdad Medical City through the period from November 2021 to March 2022. All individuals were identified by physicians in a Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic and the clinical data was collected along with the assess¬ment of biochemical parameters. Fasting serum glucose, lipid profile, calcium, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, vitamin D3, and p