The Iraqi pharmaceutical sector faces significant challenges arising from the prevalence of substandard and falsified (S/F) medications, which pose a direct threat to public health safety. To strengthen regulatory oversight, health authorities have implemented national medicine track-and-trace system. However, the ultimate efficacy of these regulatory tools is heavily dependent on public awareness and the level of societal acceptance.

Social determinants of health (SDH) profoundly influence diabetes outcomes; nevertheless, their impact on the Iraqi diabetic population remains under researched. The objectives of this study were To investigate the relationship between particular social determinants of health (SDH) variables namely food and housing insecurity, social support, income, and education and clinical outcomes, including HbA1c levels, medication adherence, and patient satisfaction among Iraqi diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study involving 212 diabetic patients in Iraq was conducted. Participants attending a healthcare facility in Iraq filled out validated questionnaires regarding social determinants of health, medication adherence, and satisfaction. HbA1c rea

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder. Ustekinumab (UST) is an effective treatment for CD. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) enhances clinical efficacy while minimizing side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the UST trough level (TL) and anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and to assess the response of patients with CD to optimize UST treatment. This single-center, cross-sectional study included 76 adult patients with CD receiving maintenance UST for at least 24 weeks. The serum TL of UST and clinical remission were assessed at the same visit, immediately before the next dose. Patients were categorized into two groups: Group A, patients reaching the UST target TL (≥1 µg/mL), and Group B, patie

based on the importance of public relations in companies, I will discussed the issue of public relations and its role in marketing national products, given what these companies represent of great importance in terms of providing products and services to large segments of Iraqi society, which necessitated the need to search and investigate the role and importance of activities that Provides public relations in Iraqi companies in all categories( public, private and mixed).
the study tables and theirinterpretations, results and recommendations, and the studyreachedseveralresults, including the positive and the negative, the positive including the success in marketing the products by the number of companies in the Fairswhere the level of

Highlights This research highlights the important topic of musical topics that rarely talk about a musician, an issue of national songs which sang since the founding of the Iraqi state and until the end of the monarchy in Iraq, and wrote about just newspaper articles explaining the political situation experienced by the era of the history of Iraq and passing quickly marginally on the songs and patrons, so you see the researcher need to search for what was published around any way to see the texts of songs and melodies and rhythms and thus the possibility of evaluation, linked with the course of social and political life spiraling events at the time, so as not to miss these musical and literary, artistic and cultural features of forever a

ABSTRACT

The research aims to clarify the role of electronic marketing and what it can achieve in promoting the products of the national industry in Iraq. Marketing channel depends on modern communication and information technology that industrial and metal companies can use in promoting and selling their products along with traditional marketing outlets. To achieve the objectives of the research, a questionnaire was used, which consists of three axes, the first includes the personal data of the sample (gender, age, educational attainment, place of residence, marital status, income level), while the second axis includes various questions about the products of the national industry. Third axis includes que

Prednisolone is essential because it is a potent corticosteroid medication with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, widely used in both human and veterinary medicine. Therefore, accurate measurement is crucial for determining the correct human dose. A fast and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to determine prednisolone in both its pure form and pharmaceutical products. HPLC consists of a 4.6 mm x 250 mm column (C18 packed with 5µm particles), with the mobile phase being (CH3OH: H2O) in a ratio of 58:42 v/v and a flow rate of 1 mL per minute, using an automatic injector (20 µL). The detection was performed at 254 nm with a UV detector. Detection of UV and Flow rate was obtained at 240–254 nm