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Measuring and analysing inequality in the Distribution of Economic Welfare in Suleimania Governorate during (2007):
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Abstract

 The issue of inequality in distribution of income and / or consumption expenditure is related to economic welfare because there is an inverse relationship between the economic welfare on the one hand, and the degree of inequality, on the other hand. Despite the fact that inequality is considered as normal phenomenon in every society, but if it exceeded certain limits it will lead to undesirable economic, social and political consequences. Therefore, the availability of indicators about inequality is a necessary tool for planning and evaluation of economic development programs. So, current study is aiming at measuring and analyzing the degree of inequality in distribution of consumption expenditure within three geographic areas of Suleimania governorate, namely: the governorate center, other urban and rural area, using familiar objective measures like Gini Cofficient, Kuznets Cefficient, and Coefficient of Variation, sa well as measuring and testing inequality between them by using special measures called Economic Distance Ratios. As was expected, the study found that the degree of inequality in per capita expenditure distribution is relatively high in the areas under consideration, as well as found significant differences between them.The data wich have been used were collected by Iraqi Central Bureau of Statistics and Information Technology cooperation with the statistics of the Kurdistan Region - Iraq during (2007).Finally,the study suggested some proposals that may serve future studies related to inequality, or that assist in designing of programs that contract the living standards gap between individuls of the society.

 

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Formal and Functional Perspectives in the Analysis of Hyperboles in Obama's Speeches
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     Hyperbole is an obvious and intentional exaggeration in the sense that it takes things to such an extreme that the audience goes too far and then pulls itself back to a more reasonable position, i.e. it is an extravagant statement or figure of speech not intended to be taken literally. This paper focuses on the formal and functional perspectives in the analysis of hyperbole which American candidates produce in their speeches in electoral campaigns, for it is hypothesized that candidates in their electoral campaigns use hyperbolic expressions excessively to persuade voters of the objectives of their electoral campaign programs. Hence, it aims to analyze hyperbole in context to determine the range of pragmatic func

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Role of IL-37 and Dectin-1 during Toxoplasmosis
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Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection that triggers immune cells to produce cytokines and inflammatory mediators that are responsible for abnormal or aborted immune responses. This study highlights the evaluation of the Dectin-1 receptor and cytokine IL-37 in the serum of 80 patients who had miscarried in the first trimester and were infected with toxoplasmosis, as well as 40 pregnant women in the first trimester who had a successful pregnancy (control groups). The serum was first screened for the T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and then the serum levels of IL-37 and Dectin-1 were determined. The results showed that the serum level of Dectin-1 was significantly increased in anti-

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of monetary policy in achieving economic stability and growth in Iraq for the period (2004-2011)
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The objective of this research to analyze the effectiveness of monetary policy in achieving economic stability and growth for the period 2004-2011 ،This period of time saw a fundamental shift in monetary policy after the issuing new law the Central Bank of the full independence of the monetary authority ،This is Prompt the monetary authority to bring about a change in the philosophy and objectives and the tools used to achieve the desired  goals ،Which give them the ability to control the size of the money supply and to achieve price stability Indeed، Monetary policy has been able to achieve the golden triangle of economic stability ،Consisted of staff، exchange rate stability and low and stable general level of prices

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The economic dimensions of the railway link between Iraq and Kuwait and the role of national alternatives (Faw port and the dry canal as a model(
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   Decision-makers in each country work to define a list of internal and external interests, goals and threats to their countries according to the nature of their awareness of these interests, goals and threats. 

  Hence, Iraq is not an exception to this rule, and the process of evaluating its interests and the objectives of its foreign policy is subject to the pattern of awareness of decision-makers and the influencing forces in defining its basic interests, which often witness some kind of difference in defining them, evaluating their importance and determining the size of the threats they face. And among these interests and threats that have witnessed a difference in the assessment of their

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 18 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Calculation and Analysis of the Total Electron Content Over Different Latitudes and Seasons Using the Numerical Trapezoidal and Simpson Methods
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It has been shown in ionospheric research that calculation of the total electron content (TEC) is an important factor in global navigation system. In this study, TEC calculation was performed over Baghdad city, Iraq, using a combination of two numerical methods called composite Simpson and composite Trapezoidal methods. TEC was calculated using the line integral of the electron density derived from the International reference ionosphere IRI2012 and NeQuick2 models from 70 to 2000 km above the earth surface. The hour of the day and the day number of the year, R12, were chosen as inputs for the calculation techniques to take into account latitudinal, diurnal and seasonal variation of TEC. The results of latitudinal variation of TE

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of the rebound effect and interactive between fiscal and monetary policy on the General economic equilibrium (IS-LM)
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      Will address this research interaction and coordination between fiscal and monetary policies and the impact of this interaction and coordination on economic stability and growth، and how the financial implications of monetary policy may stimulate action monetary policy and treatment side effects and the nature of responsiveness and bounce between procedures both two policies and their impact on the balance of overall economic and explained in the folds of searchjustifications coordination and the extent necessary in order to address the imbalances in economic activity through twinning actions of monetary and fiscal، has embodied this coordination and interaction between policies and their impact m

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Treatment of the general budget deficit in Islamic economic system
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In the name of God the Merciful
 Praise be to God and the Hall and Peace Uncle Prophet Muhammad and blindness Alo and companions
 Money is the lifeblood and a reason for living. An individual cannot live without money to make it
It is only through the necessities of life and the state that it can perform its duties and functions only
As money is so important, the state must regulate the balance of revenues
And expenses in order to avoid failure in Mizanitia, but perhaps the country may be exposed to crises
An exception that leads to misappropriation in the general Mizanitia and the Islamic Shari'ah is valid for Makkah
Time and place for all circumstances has created several ways to address the budget defici

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 11 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STUDY THE MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF BROKEN AND CRACKED COMMERCIAL TABLE EGG IN BAGHDAD MARKETS AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFECT: STUDY THE MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF BROKEN AND CRACKED COMMERCIAL TABLE EGG IN BAGHDAD MARKETS AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFECT
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The aim of this novel native study was to determine the microbial contamination of broken and cracked imported commercial table egg in Baghdad markets and its economic effect. A total of 21510 commercial chicken table eggs were checked and surveyed from retail markets in different popular regions of Baghdad city during a year period from January 3rd to December 28th of 2018 and its microbial contamination were studied. Results revealed that significant differences (P<0.01) were appeared in the studied microbial counts during months of the study and significant differences (P<0.01) in the average counts between broken and cracked eggs and sound (not bro

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 16 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
HUMAN MODELING IN THE IRAQI PRESS: (A Survey of Human Modeling for March And April 2011)
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This research deals with what so called concept of The Human Model and how Iraqi Media concerns of this concept practically as it plays a key role in attracting readers, on the first hand. On the second, it is important to shed light on the scientific desire of the Iraqi Media and how it deals with this contemporary trend especially in editorial media.

The importance of the research stems from the fact that it alerts to a new stream of modern trends in journalistic writing, according to many modern Arab and foreign media studies; and to the importance of employing human modeling in dealing with facts, events, issues and problems in various editorial arts within their effective influence in concilia

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect of IFRS 16 on the quality of financial reporting For the Iraqi economic units Applied to the General Company of Iraqi Airways
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The rental activity receives "significant" interest from accounting organizations interested in issuing accounting standards worldwide, such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). As leases represents an important source of finance for economic units as an alternative to financing assets through purchase or borrowing. Professional organizations have focused on addressing the situation of extra-budgetary funding through which the lessee hides many leases that are classified as financing without It shows in the budget, which gives an incorrect picture of the reality of the financial situation of economic unity, IASB has issued IFRS 16, which terminates off- Balance s

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