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Test the effectiveness of transactional and transformational leadership in the Egyptian Environment
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       The present study aims to test a range of hypotheses about the effectiveness of each of the theory of transactional leadership, and the theory of transformational leadership in the Egyptian environment, and to identify any of them are better able to predict the effectiveness of leadership. And after the effect will be to identify the quality of the relationship between the leader and the subordinate in leadership , and what is the role of transformational leadership dimensions influencing the effectiveness of leadership. The field study was conducted on a sample of companies' public and private sector and the government in Egypt. The results of the study resulted in experimental that transactional leadership was having a significant impact on the effectiveness of the commander expressed satisfaction from work, and the performance of the functional roles. The results also found that transformational leader is the one, who formulate a vision for the future of the organization, and provides a model to emulate subordinates, and works to accelerate the acceptance of the goals of the group, and provides individual support. In turn, this leads to increase the effectiveness of the commander expressed consent of the workers. The results of the study also found that the transformational leader who is developing the objectives of the working group, and draws high expectations for performance, reflected in the form of effective leadership, and improve the level of performance of employees for their roles, and provide performance levels beyond the minimum set by the organization. On the other hand, the results showed that the leadership of transactional was more effective than transformational leadership in the interpretation expressed satisfaction with the work, while transformational leadership was more effective than transactional   leadership expressed in the performance of the index job role. The study group implications for researchers and managers, the study also suggested a range of ideas for future studies.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The extent of including logical intelligence in the Book of chemistry for the fifth Grade of science
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The aim of the current research to determine the extent of logical intelligence in the book of chemistry for the fifth grade of science and to achieve the goal the researcher has prepared a special criterion in the areas of logical intelligence main and sub-to be included in the book after reviewing the previous literature and studies in this regard may be the final form after presentation to experts and arbitrators in the field of Educational and psychological sciences, curricula and teaching methods from (3) main areas and (21) sub-fields, then the researcher analyzed the book Bibih and applied branches and adopted the idea of ​​both explicit and implicit as a unit of registration and repet

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Publication Date
Thu May 14 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The Impact of the Method of Dealing with the Product of Wars in the Continuity of the Crisis Wars. Beirut city as an Example
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This research investigates the subject of the impact of wars (as a manifestation of crisis) on architecture, and the extent of continuing wars physical and moral results of wars, even after the end of the cause of the crisis. The impact of different rebuilding which exposed to the effects of the war seems different in crisis regions.

The problem of research is about the uncertainty of the impact of the way chooses for reconstructing the buildings after wars in the continuity of the crisis of war. The goals of this research are to clarify the influence of methods of reconstruction of buildings in a city chosen which is Beirut, on the continuation of the war crisis with the argument of demolishing and rebuilding newly or keeping tr

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 30 2025
Journal Name
University Of Anbar Sport And Physical Education Science Journal
The study of comparing the cognitive teaching method effect ( total and analytic ) in teaching the counter- attack of Epee
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The research's aim is to place two teaching methods ( total and analytical method) and to know which one of them is better than the other in teaching the counter-attack with Epee. The researchers have used the experimental method for being considered suitable to solve the problem of the research. The sample of the research includes third –stage female students of college of physical education and sport sciences / Baghdad University in the subject of fencing, their number amounted 60 female students. It has been used SPSS for processing the results. They have concluded that the two groups of the research and the two methods (( total and analytical) have learnt the counter- attack of the two over mentioned groups. they have recommended to c

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 13 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Water And Land Development
A study of the climate and human impact on the future survival of the Al-Sannya marsh in Iraq
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Polish Academy of Sciences

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 18 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Constitutional amendments in the era of Justice and Development Party after 2002 (reality and ambition)
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Abstrct The Turkish political system has undergone exceptional and unprecedented circumstances, represented by a series of security and political unrest that has cast its shadow over the Turkish state and regional and international challenges. It has never been a pretext or pretext for continuing the comprehensive reform process. The constitutional amendments of the 1982 Constitution, Justice and development, whether political, economic or social, is not a reaction to a difficult reality; it is a system of governance and a national option stemming from within. It promotes national unity and enshrines democracy and the concept of public rights and freedoms.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Significance and Conservation of Birds of the Genus of Bee-eater (MEROPS) in Uzbekistan
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The purpose of this article is to identify and evaluate the importance of birds of the genus Merops (European Bee-eater -Merops apiaster and Blue-cheeked Bee-eater -Merops persicus) in Uzbekistan, as well as to develop recommendations aimed at solving some problems associated with its conservation. As a result of the study, in the aspect of biocenotic relations, the natural significance of these species was revealed. The economic value is determined and analyzed in beekeeping farms. From the study of the remains of food contained in the stomachs, throats and nests of M.apiaster, a preliminary list of the main species of the food spectrum has been compiled. Based on the bioacoustic repellent "Korshun-8"

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The Chinese Economy and its impact on international trade (Study on the role of the port of Gwadar)
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China's economic policy and its huge capabilities operate according to an expansion strategy, especially in investing foreign projects, as the past ten years have witnessed a major development in the elements of comprehensive strength, especially in the economic field, in 2014 China launched the largest initiative in the world, represented by the Belt and Road Project (BRI), which links nearly 70 countries, through this project, a very important region has emerged, which is (the port of cadres) in Pakistan, as China has headed towards that region and given the highest importance that is in its interest in the first place regardless of the great Pakistani interest, This is consistent with its future aspirations, especially after breaking

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
International Auditing Standards and their role in rationalizing the auditor's personal judgment in Iraq"
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The impact of the auditor's personal judgment starts from the beginning of the audit process to the formation of the final opinion and the issuance of the report, and because of the possibility of bias in the auditor's judgment for various reasons that may relate to the auditor himself or the circumstances surrounding it, which requires assessing the current reality of the auditor's personal judgments In the local environment and determining their determinations. To clarify the concept and determinants of the auditor's personal judgments when implementing the audit work, prepare the report and determine the role of the international auditing standards in rationalizing the auditor's personal judgment when conducti

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
HISTORY AND MODERNITY OF POETRY AS : A Reference Of The Modern Poem In Iraq
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One of the most important intellectual issues, which receive attention is the issue of modernity, it has occupied the scholars of all time. However, modern poetry used to have special care in Iraq and in the Arab countries .. it is not strange that the concept of modernity is linked to history .. or having history as the most important dimension of its dimensions .. because Arab poetry is historical and it is moving into an area of ​​the past that is still active in terms of language and literary image .. When some poets found that changing and modernizing poetry became a necessity of evolution, and one of the fundamentals of modernization, the cultural impact did not respond to the desire of poets, and their impulse in modern poetry

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Transparency and Its Impact on Achieving The Organizational Reputation.
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 This research test the relationship and the effect of an explanatory variable transparency in the organizational reputation responder variable by senior management in the departments of the Ministry of Housing and Construction centrally funded, As well as come  out among other recommendations contribute to the achievement of organizational reputation of the organizations surveyed. Given the importance of the research topic for the public sector and the community and the environment in which they operate researcher designed questionnaire containing (30) items, and collected data from (92) respondents, representing the research community (eight establishments) exclusively and comprehensively, relying descriptive analytic

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