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Measuring and Analyzing The Causal Relationship between Investing Government Expenditure non-oil GDP in Iraq For The Period (1990-2011)
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The investment government expenditure is considered the fundamental of enhancing the economic activity as it has become a mean for achieving capital accumulation in all economic  sectors, The Iraqi economy is characterized of being yield unilateral depending petroleum  revenues as an essential  resource of financing government expenditure , as  the contribution of petroleum  sector in GDP is large in proportions to other economic sectors  contribution.

 The relationship between investing government expenditure, and non-oil GDP  is about to be not existent during the period of the research on the long term, and the reason is the  economic sanctions imposed which left negative effects  on Iraq economic representing in the decrease of employment levels in the Iraqi sectors , the decrease of productive capacities in commodity sectors ( agricultural - industrial ) and other reasons ,  After  U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003,new economic features have emerged representing in infrastructure collapse for the  most economic and, the decrease of the investments presented to be  sustained and expanded for the purpose of their fittnss with population increases and economic and social developments ,

the continuity yield style  of  and non- productive of the economic policy trends  which contributed in deterioration of  commodity sectors , particularly agricultural and industrial , and the accumulation of yield  service of  Iraqi economy for the benefit of defense and security activities that brought a continuous  increase in consumption expenditure at the expense of investing expenditure  in productive and development fields ,in addition to that  the prevalence of financial and administrative corruption in all economic, managerial and security government activities , and the lack of suitable investing environment that is of a direct role in the decrease of production and hence, the  weakness of its contribution  in non-oil GDP

 

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Pushkin quotes in the works of Chekhov: Пушкинские цетаты в произведениях чехова
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Pushkin's quotations in Chekhov's works are one of the means of expressing connections between texts, performing the most important constructive role: behind them Chekhov reveals a deep development of the plot-thematic structure, ideas and, more broadly, Pushkin's artistic philosophy.

The scientific relevance of our work is the analysis of the similarities between the literary texts of Pushkin and Chekhov, and touches on quotations in Chekhov's works.

Аннотация

Работа посвящена проблеме функционирования пушкинской традиции в прозе А.П. Чехова . Творчество Чехова занимает уникальное

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
ORGANIZATIONAL ENERGY ITS ROLE IN THE RELIABILITY OF MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES (APPLIED STUDY)
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     This aims tackles the importance of the organizational energy of the hotel organizations that search the success in the business field to penetrate in the whole tourist markets, and to draw the policies and firm rules which must be framed with the administrative strategies that contributed in creativity and achievement the targets besides provide a future vision due to its position among the competitive henceforth achieving the activity. This is what the chapters tackle in the theoretical side. Also many general questions have been arisen to determinate the importance of the research and many other special questions that express the problem of the study. To limit the levels of study alter

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 03 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
The educational means used by teachers of art education in primary schools
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      Education varies in terms of form and content between verbal and abstract education through the delivery of knowledge and enriching experiences through verbal communication and ephemeral learning and based on sensory experiences that provide visual and audio visualizations that make it imperative to install and retain knowledge and experience. It is obvious that meanings And the concepts grow the more tangible sensory experiences that make the process of communication highly efficient, and the more the learner's acquisition of direct sensory experiences, ie the first source is the life situations and normal circumstances of the process of communication, but if these can not be available It is necessary to a

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Use the Six Sigma technique in a solutionProblems of work (analytical study)
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The research Concentrates on modern Variable in the organizations that is 6 sigma. The field study is two of Iraqi industrial organizations, The first is state company of …………… , the other is the state company of ……

The problem of the research determines some questions and hypotheses, The data was Collected by question air, which contains 5 dimensions and (10) critical Successful factories  . 

The sample contains (42) who Works in that organizations. The points out many conclusions. The main of it, there is significant differences among the two organizations Then The research concluded with a number of important recommendations serve it's objectives .

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The strategy of preventive war In US National Security Documents (2002-2006)
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The adoption of the concept of preventive war in any country especially in a country like the United States result in a lot of serious consequences, so that pre-emptive military action may alter certain regional arrangements based on the basis of political and security balance, and reduce the incidence of tensions that may worsen a sudden during the application of preventive war, so the concept is applicable to be a risk much more when you face the reality and that because the issues more importantly, it should prepare a detailed and careful study of the post –stage of the use of preventive military action and this requires realy no papers insist or documents discuss this but accurate this field study of the situation thereafter.

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Knowledge Economy in Financial Reporting System Development proposed model ""
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This  world is moving towards knowledge economy which basically depends on knowledge and information. So, the economic units need to develop its financial reporting system which helps to provide useful information in timeliness for investors in accordance with the requirements of  the knowledge economy and meets the needs of those investors. This  research aims to revealing the reflects of knowledge economy on the approaches of financial reporting and suggesting a financial reporting model in the environment of knowledge economy,  depending on combining the value approach with the events approach using database and communication technology and providing useful accounting information for all users regardless of

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Science Processes Included in the Teacher's Handbook of Middle School Science Experiments
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The aim of this research is to uncover the science processes included in the teacher’s guide to scientific experiments for science books for grades (first-second) for the intermediate stage, The research sample included all the scientific experiments contained in the teacher’s guide for scientific experiments for the intermediate stage, The researcher used the descriptive and analytical method, and designed an analysis tool, The content of science operations, and verified its validity and consistency, and after using percentages and ranks for statistical treatment, the research reached the following results: The number of practical experiments varies from one class to another in the intermediate stage, where the highest percentage ap

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of Assessment Techniques on EFL Learners’ achievement in TOEFL Test
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While many educators are highly focused on state test, it is important to consider that
over the course of a year, instructors can build in many opportunities to assess how learners
are learning. Therefore, assessment techniques are considered a good method to get benefit
for both instructors and learners in the process of teaching and learning. The sample consists
of 27 learners who participated in TOEFL training course in the Development and Continuous
Education Centre. Validity and reliability were verified.
To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follows” It is hypothesized
that the TOEFL learners' scores will not be increased after TOEFL course training.” T-test
for two dependent samp

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Constructivism Theory in International Relations (Case Study on the War on Terrorism)
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        The topic of the research revolves around constructivist theory, which is one of the most important theories that added weight to the theoretical and epistemological field of international relations. The constructivist theory studies international relations from a completely different side of theories by focusing on the social aspects of international relations, and by looking at international relations as social constructs. Ideas, cultures, norms, standards and language play a major role in their formation. The study also examines the state of the war on terrorism as it represents one of the most international cases in which its composition and composition coincide with constructive ideas and a

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Criticism of poetry in the book of mortality Ibn Khalkan (681 AH)
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The researchers go to the classification of the book (mortality of objects) of Ibn Khalkan in the books of biographies, translations and history and consider it an important dictionary in translations and this is not disputed, but none of them did not reveal clearly about the literary phenomenon in which it is clearly related and the size of this phenomenon, it has come in the side This research sought to investigate this critical encyclopedia, which occupied a large area of ​​the historical framework of the book as we rarely found a figure in which did not turn - in extrapolation of translations - in the orbit of poetry as well as the great celebration of poetic speech during Translation has reached a number Perhaps the most promine

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