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Asymmetry of accounting information - the reasons and proposed treatments
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The research aims to identify the reasons that lead to asymmetry of information between economic unity administration and the parties that use accounting information such as shareholders, So,  the ability to reach to the solutions that would reduce this problem, these factors have been divided into two types: the first one is the internal factors which represent the administration's desire   in order to expand the self-interest of getting the profits and increase the value and competitive entity and investors to obtaining greater returns for their shares, so the second type is the external factors, which represent the failer that occurs ​​in the laws and regulations  and un-following the criterions of professional conduct by accountants adopted by these units, so to achieve the research objectives, the Researcher has adopted the Inductive approach in view the topic, which was adopted on an extrapolation of the previous experiments and research in the accounting literature review. A questionnaire has been applicated  and distributed to a sample of accountants and professionals working in the economic units that represent the  research sample with total form of (75) persons ,

the most important results reached by this paper that the existing gaps in the Unified Accounting System led to influence the objectivity and credibility of the accounting information contained in the financial statements of economic units in the research sample. As well as the uniform accounting system in its current form does not respond to the needs of the accounting information users, so it requires modifications to ensure consistency with the changes in the business environment of the fact that the use of the principle of historical cost inappropriate manner that reflects the appropriate financial statements and presentation of accounting information to suit all the needs of its users, and no longer provides sufficient information on the business results in economic units of the research sample, it did not take into account changes in the needs of accounting information users, in addition to not taken into account the social and environmental performance of the unit and economic research found that if you do not include corporate law amendments dealing all developments that occur in the contemporary business environment and what should be on the boards of directors have to deal with these variables, led to the effect found in how their duties and functions of the public body.                                                                      

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Thesis
Design and Implementation proposed Encoding and Hiding Text in an Image
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NAA Mustafa, University of Sulaimani, Ms. c Thesis, 2010 - Cited by 4

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
The Journal Of Contemporary Issues In Business And Government
The Role of Servant Leadership in Developing Management Information Systems
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The research aims to test the impact of servant leadership in management information systems, as well as to identify the level of servant leadership practice and management information systems in the Directorate of Communications and Information Systems in the Iraqi Ministry of Interior, in terms of the importance of the research variables to the directorate and the sample community, as the research adopted the exploratory analytical descriptive approach In his achievement, through a survey of the opinions of an intended quota sample of (266) individuals, By adopting the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection that includes (44) items divided into the two research variables, As well as conducting open interviews to identify the pro

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
((Requirements for raising the efficiency and development of rail transport in Iraq according to proposed scenarios))
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Abstract:

 The research concerned the study of the railway transport sector in selected countries that sought to raise the efficiency of the railway network and develop it, after realizing the importance of this vital sector, which is a link between it and the rest of the other economic sectors.

The research sought to explain the methods, methods and procedures adopted by these countries for the development of the railway sector, and to benefit from these experiments to improve the efficiency of the railway transport sector in Iraq.

The railway transport sector in Iraq suffers from the erosion of railway lines and mobile units such as locomotives, pas

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of strategic management accounting and its impact on the competitive advantage in Jordanian industrial companies
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This study aimed to recognize and understand the concept of strategic management accounting (SMA) and how it's the effect on the competitive advantage for industrial companies in Jordan. The study's importance arises due to the lack of Arab studies that dealt with this topic, in addition to the important and vital role of strategic management accounting on companies that represent the artery of the decision-making process, and to identify the benefits associated with SMA technology. The necessary data were collected through the literature review and theoretical study of the references that relevant to the study subject, in addition to a questionnaire developed for this purpose, the study used (124) out of (250) questionnaires tha

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 30 2022
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
The role of creative accounting in increasing the marketing of shares and their profits in the Iraqi stock exchange
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As a result of creative accounting, many firms in the Iraqi stock market are able to achieve two very significant goals: first, to boost the market value of their shares and thus gain the biggest trading volume in shares, and second, to lower their earnings in order to decrease the tax burden. First by growing its profits, then by evading taxes and denying the state its right to its money. Using this research, we hope to demonstrate how financial institutions that use innovative accounting tools in the preparation of their financial statements impact trade activity. Trading volume is critical to accurately forecasting stock price patterns, allowing investors to maximize their wealth. So, without accounting information, the financial

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Judicial Accounting and its impact on the outcome of the activity of the Iraqi General Insurance Company: applied research
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The research aims to shed light on the importance of forensic accounting and its impact on the outcome of the activity of the Iraqi general insurance company by winning the lawsuits filed against the company because the forensic accountant (the judicial expert) possesses the ability to interpret and analyze the data. The research community represents the insurance companies in Iraq. Iraqi insurance, and the researchers adopted the descriptive approach in covering the theoretical aspect and the deductive approach in covering the practical side, depending on the financial statements of the Iraqi insurance company for the years of research.

One of the most important conclusions reached by the researchers was that forensic accounting

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PRODUCT INNOVATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARKETING INFORMATION SYSTEM AND CUSTOMER ORIENTATION
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 Marketing information system (KMIS) is an essential factor of developing business’ performance and getting sustainable success. The main goal of the research is to measure effect of MIS on customer orientation and product innovation. Also, another goal is to analyze the mediation role of product innovation in relationship MIS and customer orientation. This study sought to analyze the marketing information system and measure its effect on the customer orientation and product innovation. The data of the study were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed using statistical tools and SPSS programming. The results of the study showed that the KMIS can positively and significantly effect product innovation. Also, t

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparing Bayesian methods to estimate the failure probability for electronic systems in case the life time data are not available
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In this research, we find the Bayesian formulas and the estimation of Bayesian expectation for product system of Atlas Company.  The units of the system have been examined by helping the technical staff at the company and by providing a real data the company which manufacturer the system.  This real data include the failed units for each drawn sample, which represents the total number of the manufacturer units by the company system.  We calculate the range for each estimator by using the Maximum Likelihood estimator.  We obtain that the expectation-Bayesian estimation is better than the Bayesian estimator of the different partially samples which were drawn from the product system after  it checked by the

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Craniometric asymmetry assessment in class I and class II skeletal relationship patients using helical computed tomography sample aged between 18-35 years
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Background: Asymmetry assessment is an important component of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Several studies attempted to find the relationship between craniometric asymmetry and skeletal jaws relationship and many authors found some extent of asymmetry in individuals with normal jaws relationship. The use of Computed tomography (CT) allows for the assessment of asymmetry on a dimensionally accurate volumetric image, aim of the study is to determine if there are differences in craniometric asymmetry between patient with skeletal class I and patients with skeletal class II relationship using Helical CT scan. Materials and Methods: Ninety individuals with clinically symmetrical faces were imaged with Helical CT scan, and aging

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2025
Journal Name
Tanmiyat Al-rafidain
Managerial Accounting under Digitalization and Sustainability Challenges: Literature Review
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The study aims to review the literature on the fundamental changes in Managerial Accounting (MA) in light of accelerating Digital Transformations (DT) and increasing Sustainability Requirements (SR) from 2020 to August 2025, with the purpose of informing researchers and professionals about recent developments. The study relied on a qualitative analysis of the content of a group of studies indexed in the Scopus database. The study included a literature review of topics such as artificial intelligence tools and techniques, cloud computing, linear programming, sustainability reporting, and strategic managerial accounting practices. The study results revealed that accelerated DT improves the efficiency of managerial accounting practices

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