Sovereign wealth funds have attracted the attention of the governments of the oil and non-oil countries alike, with a variation of the size of those funds to those states, based on the size of the financial surpluses resulting from Alriadat oil or foreign reserves, or state revenues for other sovereign assets. Raj use these funds remarkably during the financial crises the world has seen, including the crisis of 2008-2007., And Iraq is a oil-producing countries, which has the third largest reserves of crude oil (Crude Oil) at the level of the Arab world and of 140 300)) million barrels after Saudi Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the fourth reserves of crude oil in the world after issued Venezuela to the reserve (OBEC, 2013:21) as well as the size of the reserves of natural gas (Natural Gas) and deep (3,158) billion gallons, enriched by Iraq of the importance of this resource strategic, but unlike the oil-producing countries, Iraq was based on oil revenues in the dam operating expenses, and neglected the rest of the economic sectors. Which led to be among the consuming nations and not producing. Than heavier the general budget, and to make matters worse, is the international claims of Iraq and committed by Iraq before 2003, any of the former regime, governed by international law, which separated the heavily indebted, have created justifications to lay hands on oil revenues by the coalition Provisional Authority and in accordance with UN Security Council resolutions related thereto, and that on the track was set up the Development Fund for Iraq, adopting a fund for the deposit of all revenues from oil sales in the international market for the purposes of restructuring the Iraqi economy and contribute to the economic and social development and bridging the humanitarian needs for the Iraqi people, and the payment of international claims, which set up because of the wrong policies it is the purpose of showing off the power at the expense of the interests of the country and then was McCann!
For the duration of the last few many years many improvement in computer technology, software program programming and application production had been followed with the aid of diverse engineering disciplines. Those trends are on the whole focusing on synthetic intelligence strategies. Therefore, a number of definitions are supplied, which recognition at the concept of artificial intelligence from exclusive viewpoints. This paper shows current applications of artificial intelligence (AI) that facilitate cost management in civil engineering tasks. An evaluation of the artificial intelligence in its precise partial branches is supplied. These branches or strategies contributed to the creation of a sizable group of fashions s
... Show MoreGas Lasers are important tools that are used in variety purposes, for their low and (cw) output power. The aim of this study was to prepare a way to calculate an optimum stimulated emission cross-section in a gas laser containing a mixture of Xenon and Neon by (30%-70%). The process was a theoretical study of each gas in separate in terms of their physical properties as an active medium. The results of these calculations are logic and more convenient than other mixtures used before
Genetic algorithms (GA) are a helpful instrument for planning and controlling the activities of a project. It is based on the technique of survival of the fittest and natural selection. GA has been used in different sectors of construction and building however that is rarely documented. This research aimed to examine the utilisation of genetic algorithms in construction project management. For this purpose, the research focused on the benefits and challenges of genetic algorithms, and the extent to which genetic algorithms is utilised in construction project management. Results showed that GA provides an ability of generating near optimal solutions which can be adopted to reduce complexity in project management and resolve difficult problem
... Show MoreA water crisis is a circumstance in which a region accessible potable, unpolluted water is less than the requirement of that country. Two converging trends cause water scarcity, that are expanded use of irrigation, and loss of available freshwater supplies. Water scarcity can arise from two mechanisms, the physical water scarcity because of deficient natural water supply to fulfil the country demand, and economic water scarcity due to bad management for sufficient available water resources. This research examines data set as multispectral Landsat 8 satellite images that are detected for Basrah city, located in southern Iraq, and positioned between Kuwait and Iran on the Shatt al-Arab. Such raw data are satellite images. Using ENVI 5.3 softw
... Show MoreReceipt date:08/26/2020 accepted date:9/8/2020 Publication date:12/31/2021
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The research entitled (Moderation in Omani External Political Behavior 1970-2020. contained introduction and two sections conclusion and recommendations. The introduction included a general overview of the topic, and the importance of the political behavior o
... Show MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the anti mitotic activity of ether extract prepared from Datura stramoium plant on cancer cells. Recently oncology studies are directed toward substances which act somehow to induce apoptosis or to prevent abnormal dividing of cell, that may provide therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. Thus, many research on various types of plants such as fruits, vegetables, other editable plants and toxic plants have been done in vitro and in vivo. But, few studies on Datura plant were occurred and there was no previous study dealing with its effect on proliferative activity of cancer cells. In current study, two types of common malignant tumor were tested in vitro. These were mamm
... Show MoreDirect agglutination test was used to evaluate the immunogenicity of three different antigens inoculated in hamsters as one , two and three doses which were: Group (1) inoculated with autoclaved killed Leishmania tropica , Group (2) inoculated with BCG vaccine alone while Group (3) inoculated with mixed antigens (autoclaved killed Leishmania "AKL"+ BCG).(4) Control animals inoculated with phosphate buffer saline. The maximum level of antibody titers were evaluated in animal inoculated with one , two or three dose of mixed antigens (320 , 640 and 1280) respectively when it compared with animals inoculated with corresponding doses of AKL antigen (80 , 160 and 320) respectively. While the minimum level of antibody titers were observed in ani
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