Leishmania is the causative agent of leishmaniasis, a widely distributed disease. Amastigote forms of Leishmania are intracellular and reside within the macrophage of the vertebrate host. Previous studies showed that certain Leishmania species may scavenge host factors for survival, specially sphingolipids, the key element of the eukaryotic membranes. In this study we have investigated the survival of new world L. mexicana amastigotes in murine macrophage cell-line in the presence and absence of foetal bovine serum (FBS). Results showed that there was no significance in the infectivity of amastigotes and also the number of parasite per cell; such findings suggest that L. mexicana amastigotes have its own pathway of sphingolipid intake and c

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. The diagnosis of this condition is still essentially clinical and there is difficulty in the clinical diagnosis, especially among elderly, children and patients with a typical presentation, so early and accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis is important to avoid its complications.Objectives: To evaluate the degree of accuracy of Alvarado scoring system in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Method: Two hundred patients were admitted to the Alkindy Teaching Hospital from January 2011 to april 2014- presented with symptoms and signs suggestive of acute appendicitis. After examination and investigations all patients were given a score according to Alvarado sc

Two isolates of Staphylococcus xylosus (urease producer and non urease producer) were injected in mice at a dose of 2 × 108 colony-forming units (CFU) intraurethrally. Results showed that both isolates were able to colonize kidney and bladder of the injected mice, regardless of their urease production. Moreover, there were insignificant differences between the two groups. These results emphasized the pathogenicity of this bacteria in UTI.

Evaluating a reservoir to looking for hydrocarbon bearing zones, by determining the petrophysical properties in two wells of the Yamama Formation in Siba field using Schlumberger Techlog software. Three porosity logs were used to identify lithology using MN and MID cross plots. Shale volume were calculated using gamma ray log in well Sb-6ST1 and corrected gamma ray in well Sb-5B. Sonic log was used to calculate porosity in bad hole intervals while from density log at in-gauge intervals. Moreover, water saturation was computed from the modified Simandoux equation and compared to the Archie equation. Finally, Permeability was estimated using a flow zone indicator. The results show that the Yamama Formation is found to be mainly limest

This study focuses on determining the heterogeneity of Yamama Formation and its spatial distribution in south of Iraq using three indices namely, Coefficient of Variation, Lorenz Coefficient, and Dykstra – Parsons Coefficient. The porosity and permeability values from eleven wells in south of Iraq (Basra and Maysan oil fields) are used for computing heterogeneity indices. Ordinary kriging technique is used to interpolate the computed indices and to show the spatial distribution of these indices over the study area. Results indicated that the average values of Lorenz and Dykstra – Parsons Indices are 0.73 and 0.86, respectively which refer to the extremely heterogeneity nature of Yamama Formation in the study area.The spatial distribu

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immunologic disease. The etiology of OLP is unknown, viral antigens (for example EBV) have been proposed as etiologic agents. OLP may get transformation to malignancy so research on the presence of these in OLP lesions seems to be necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate EBV expression immunohistochemically in OLP. Materials and Methods: Tissue specimens of 30 formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue Blocks histologically diagnosed oral lichen planus was performed to evaluate EBV expression. Results: Expression of EBV was detected in epithelium of (46.6%) in the study samples in (OLP). no statistically significant correlation was found with clinical parameters except for a significan

Background:- Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disorder characterized by the presence and proliferation of functional endometrial gland and stroma outside the uterine cavity, affecting approximately 10% of reproductive age women. Il-6 level increased in the patient with endometriosis.
Objective:- Evaluate the correlation of IL-6 levels with the degree of severity of endometriosis
Patients and methods:- In this study, 84 samples 51women with endometriosis (20 newly diagnosed and 31 treated cases) and 33 of healthy control group, were collected starting from November 2011 to end of January 2012, to investigate the IL-6 serum level by using ELISA kit.
Results :- Endometriosis patients mainly presented at the age betwe

The transition of professionals between different sectors is considered as one of sources of
acquisition of technology and will lead to add the practical experience to them. This experience
depending on different factors like: the scientific degree and practical experience by the
professionals, the technology possessed by the transferor sector, the duration that spent by
experienced in transferor sector, the type of work performed by professional….etc.
The research aims to verify the affect of these factors in technology transfer process.
Research reached that the technology transfer process which is depending on the Iraqi competencies
in work is unsatisfied level between Iraqi organizations because there are dif