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The impact of governmental consumer spending on the development of the current account balance in Iraq for the period (1990-2014) using ARDL model
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To avoid the negative effects due to inflexibility of the domestic production inresponse to the increase in government consumption expenditure leads to more  imports to meet the increase in domestic demand resulting from the increase in government consumption expenditure. Since the Iraqi economy economy yield unilateral depends on oil revenues to finance spending, and the fact government consumer spending is a progressive high flexibility the increase in overall revenues, while being a regressive flexibility is very low in the event of reduced public revenues, and therefore lead to a deficit in the current account position. And that caused the deficit for imbalance are the disruption of the structure of government spending in favor of consumer spending and the disruption of the current account structure, as the export of a single commodity is oil from which to finance the spending offset by a wide range of imports that are brought to a large portion of this spending it.

Therefore research aims to determine the impact of government consumer spending on the development of the current account balance in light of increased government spending, through the reality of government consumer spending analysis and structure of the current account in Iraq, measure and analyze the impact of government consumer spending on the development of the current account balance during the study period (1990- 2014), has been using Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model(ARDL), because of this form of advantages is the suitability for small samples and data of stationtary in the first-difference or the level or a combination of the two, a researcher has reached to the existence of a long-term positive relationship between spending government consumption and the deficit current account balance, as the increase in government consumption expenditure (1%) lead to increased current account deficit by (0.25%). The increase in consumer spending, the government and one unit (million I.D) has led to the increase of imports of goods and services by (0.58) unit (million I.D) in the short term and by (1.16) (million I.D) in the long term.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Building a Statistical Model to Detect Foreground Objects and using it in Video Steganography
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Video steganography has become a popular option for protecting secret data from hacking attempts and common attacks on the internet. However, when the whole video frame(s) are used to embed secret data, this may lead to visual distortion. This work is an attempt to hide sensitive secret image inside the moving objects in a video based on separating the object from the background of the frame, selecting and arranging them according to object's size for embedding secret image. The XOR technique is used with reverse bits between the secret image bits and the detected moving object bits for embedding. The proposed method provides more security and imperceptibility as the moving objects are used for embedding, so it is difficult to notice the

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Measuring the cost of consulting services under the traditional cost approach and the performance-based costing technique and its impact on achieving profits : Applied research in the advisory office of Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering - University of Baghdad
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Abstract:

                    This research aims to apply the Performance Focused Activity Based Costing System in the consultant office of Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering at the University of Technology for the purpose of measuring the cost of consulting services provided by these offices in order to reduce costs and their reflection in achieving profits. For the purpose of calculating costs accurately, and to test the hypothesis of the research, the research was applied in the office of the consultant of the College of Engineering Al-Khwarizm - University of Baghdad through the financial statement

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The role of relational general policies in achieving the aims of sustainable development
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شهدت العالم منذ نهايات القرن الماضي وبدايات القرن الواحد والعشرين تطورات دراماتيكية على صعيد الادبيات التنموية ، اذ تحولت التنمية من المفهوم التقليدي الذي اهتم بالنمو الاقتصادي الى رؤية جديدة هي رؤية التنمية البشرية ومن ثم الى التنمية المستدامة التي اعطت للتنمية البعد الانساني وجعلت من مشكلات واحتياجات البشر منطلق لها لتحويل الفرد والمجتمع الى مرحلة جديدة تضمن له العيش الكريم وتحقق معه

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Swarm And Evolutionary Computation
A review of heuristics and metaheuristics for community detection in complex networks: Current usage, emerging development and future directions
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Swarm And Evolutionary Computation
A review of heuristics and metaheuristics for community detection in complex networks: Current usage, emerging development and future directions
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Sensibly highlighting the hidden structures of many real-world networks has attracted growing interest and triggered a vast array of techniques on what is called nowadays community detection (CD) problem. Non-deterministic metaheuristics are proved to competitively transcending the limits of the counterpart deterministic heuristics in solving community detection problem. Despite the increasing interest, most of the existing metaheuristic based community detection (MCD) algorithms reflect one traditional language. Generally, they tend to explicitly project some features of real communities into different definitions of single or multi-objective optimization functions. The design of other operators, however, remains canonical lacking any inte

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Scopus (60)
Crossref (43)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Swarm And Evolutionary Computation
A review of heuristics and metaheuristics for community detection in complex networks: Current usage, emerging development and future directions
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Scopus (60)
Crossref (43)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jan 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Relation Ship and Effect Of Jet Stream in Anti-Ciyclone in Influencing The Climate Of Iraq
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This study aimed to statement jet stream and its impact in the anti-cyclone affecting the climate of Iraq. Through the use of simple correlation coefficient ( Pearson ) that there is a very strong relationship between high- Siberian and both of the jet stream especially during the winter or over the stations of North . Therefore we, observe the relationship be significant in most of the winter months , spring and autumn . Statistically significant , but are different between station and another station , while the study come to another Anti-ciyclon have a real ,significant and statistically relationship corrclation . But this relationship is less than which found in are much less it with the Siberian high , it depends on the type of stat

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Use the le'vy Model on stock returns for some Iraqi banks estimate
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In this article we  study a single stochastic process model for the evaluate the assets pricing and stock.,On of the models le'vy . depending on the so –called Brownian subordinate as it has been depending on the so-called Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG). this article aims as the estimate that the parameters of his model using my way (MME,MLE) and then employ those  estimate of the parameters is the study of stock returns and evaluate asset pricing for both the united Bank and Bank of North which their data were taken from the Iraq stock Exchange.

which showed the results to a preference MLE on MME based on the standard of comparison the average square e

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Strategic audit in detection of financial corruption cases in Iraq - Proposed Framework
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This research focuses on detecting the financial corruption cases in Iraq in light of adoption the strategic audit, the paper deals with the problem of the proliferation corruption cases particularly financial in Iraq and dramatically in the presence of audit and control devices as well as inspection and integrity devices, which indicates the existence of deficiencies and weaknesses in those devices in the implementation of audit and control functions in order to detect the corruption cases in the economic units in Iraq.

Stems objective of this research through the provision of approach of strategic audit concepts and indicate the extent importance of adopting of strategic audit as a means to detect the f

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Higher Education Theory And Practice
THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE CULTURE OF PEACE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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The issue of peace, renunciation of violence, and acceptance of the other is one of the vital issues that rose to the top of the list of priorities at the end of the last century and the beginning of the new millennium of the conscience of the Iraqi people by spreading the culture of peace. In this context, we seek during this research to identify the concept of the culture of peace and its impact on sustainable development, and to draw a set of results and suggestions to consolidate this culture in our Iraqi society as an obligation of sustainable development.

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