Abstract:

There is a close relationship between rigidity and distort structure of production and productivity and inflation rates. The effects of this relationship are distorted the contribution rate of the productive sectors and the disproportionate of exchange rate in foreign trade.

raising the general level of prices is one of the way that have been used by previous governments (inflationary financing or deficit financing) in order to speed up the process of capital formation, depending on the availability of economic resources idle.

The fabricating inflation for development does not represent a true understanding of the nature of the

This research began by explaining its variables and dimensions especially the digital gap, which the authors explained it elaborately beginning with the concept, the reasons blind its emergence of its measurement, and how to treat it. The authors supposed the potentiality of relying on enforcing knowledge in general and the groups suffer from this gap in particular, especially the targeted knowledge to treat its subject.

As enforcing knowledge usually depends on some strategies or choices of organizational orientation among them is learning and training from one side, and communication, as an indicating factor for organizational effectiveness as the authors refer from the other side.

The growing population and the rising standard of living in cities as well as the increased commercial, industrial and agricultural activities around the world led to
massive production of waste containing different materials and one of them is the municipal solid waste (MSW), so there is a major problem facing the cities around the world about the waste, how to collect, transfer it and how to discard it. Because the accumulation of wastes, whether in the city alleys or in its squares and especially in its residential areas affect the health of their populations besides this situation will be a major indication of the deteriorating quality of life in the city, as hygiene considered a fundamental criterion for the city beauty as well

Abstract

The Paper highlights on one of the main activities in marketing management. That is the internal marketing in the commercial banks and its relationship with the quality services offered to satisfy customers needs and wishes in order to reach he ultimate objectives of those banks. Two state and five private banks in Basrah city (Iraq) were taken in a field study. The survey covered the opinions of (184) state bank employees and (158) clients . The analysis of the survey shows that there is a strong relationship between the internal marketing ( in the banks covered by the survey) and the quality of banking objective services and the private banks show greater interest and concern to the internal ma

The aim of this research to study.

The dimensions of organizational learning have been defined(learning dynamics, individuals empowerment, knowledge management and technology application) as well as the dimensions of learning organization have been defined (culture values, knowledge transfer, communication and employee characteristics), Asset completion questionnaire was used to collect data of this research from a purposely sample represent forty employees who works in Iraqi Planning Ministry at different positions. The research divided to four parts :

The first to the research methodology, the second to the theoretical review o

There is no doubt that development is a human necessity and an urgent technical imperative that science imposes on all aspects of societal life. Especially in the field of graphic design, as logos are among the most prominent graphic achievements of an interactive nature with the requirements of the technical and functional era to serve the recipient and the continuity of interaction with him through a visual message sent to him constantly to remind him of what he interacted with in advance, which is known as visual identity, and during the process of developing logos especially And by providing designs that suit the contemporary technical and functional development, we often see the logo lose its visual identity. Therefore, the research

This dissertation explores the role of Iraqi E-press in crystallizing the orientations or directions of the public towards the local political issues like (demonstrations, parliamentarian elections, provincial elections, the public budget and its consequences, Iraq’s relations with neighboring countries, Iraqi HOR and its sessions, and the relation of the federal government with KRG). The dissertation’s main problem revolves around a central inquiry: what is the role of the Iraqi E-press in crystalizing the direction of the Iraqi public towards the local political issues?
The dissertation included a number of assumptions; the first assumes the relation of demographic variants (gender, age, social status, education, working status

The problem of the research lies in the lack of standard levels for modern administration as a guide for evaluating weaknesses and strengths as well as finding solutions. The aim of the research lies in identifying standard levels for modern administration in Iraqi central Olympic committee and international federations. The subjects were (24) Olympic committee' federations. All procedures were standardized to fit our modern administration work. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations. The researcher concluded standard levels for modern administration in international federation of the Iraqi Olympic committee, in addition to that he concluded that most administrations levels ranged within four levels (good, fa

Testing the current research and effect correlation between Transformational leadership variable manufacturing and variable administrative creativity, as it represented the research problem the extent of the role of transformational leadership in achieving administrative creativity in the office of the Iraqi Ministry of Education, it has been used questionnaire as a tool for data collection, as is the distribution (32) for the sample of the research, which was selected intentional and as director general and assistant general manager and director and deputy director and head of the Division, and represented the premise of the major search existence of liaison and the impact of significantly between transformational leadership and achieve