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A proposed model for disclosing the role of the collective intelligence system in improving joint auditing
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This research aims to present a proposed model for disclosure and documentation when performing the audit according to the joint audit method by using the questions and principles of the collective intelligence system, which leads to improving and enhancing the efficiency of the joint audit, and thus enhancing the confidence of the parties concerned in the outputs of the audit process. As the research problem can be formulated through the following question: “Does the proposed model for disclosure of the role of the collective intelligence system contribute to improving joint auditing?”   

The proposed model is designed for the disclosure of joint auditing and the role of collective intelligence in improving it to achieve integration between the auditor’s report on the one hand and the joint audit information on the other hand, by disclosing the joint audit information in the explanations complementing the audit report that should be available in the current audit file of the economic unit in question. Auditing, by merging the questions of the collective intelligence system (who, what, how, why) with the indicators of the quality of the audit, and the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is unified documentation of the joint audit work in the audit office as it is permissible to use the collective intelligence system—documenting the work carried out by members of his team independently of the other office. As for the most important recommendations, they were represented in need to adopt the proposed model for using collective intelligence to improve the quality of joint auditing performance, which aims to provide a mechanism for disclosure and documentation of joint auditing

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 24 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
THE ROLE OF IFN- γ AND TNF- α IN EXPERIMENTAL MASTITIS
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This study was design to characterize the immune response in experimentally Pseudomonas aeruginosa mastitis mice treated probiotic bifidocin and cazacin of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei. We quantified the level of the IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines in blood by ELISA technique. IFN-γ level was significantly higher in infected group compared to control (340.21 ± 41.61, 8.45 ± 0.83 pg/ml, respectively). While the level of IFN-γ was significantly higher in mastitis mice than bifidocin and cazacin treated mice. Also, TNF-α level showed a significant increase in mastitis mice compared to controls (320.11±40.33, 8.45±0.83pg/ml, respectively). Among mastitis and bifidocin (9 and 18 mg/ml), cazacin (11 and 22 mg/ml) treate

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Publication Date
Thu May 05 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Role of Strain Elastography in Evaluating Borderline Axillary Lymph nodes
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Background: Axillary lymph node (ALN) enlargement with diffuse cortical thickening and conserved echogenic hilum may represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Sonographic strain elastography may help the characterization of borderline ALN. 

Aim: To evaluate the strain elastography of borderline ALN and to calculate a cutoff value of strain ratio (SR) that can identify suspicious ALN with the highest sensitivity and specificity to reduce unnecessary invasive procedures. 

Subjects and Methods: A prospective study included 45 patients who attended the Breast clinic in Oncology Teaching Hospital with borderline axillary lymphadenopathy (intact hilum and diffusely thic

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 11 2021
Journal Name
مجلة القانون الدستوري والعلوم الادارية
  The role of positive psychological capital in activating sustainable performance standards
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اعداد : أسرار عبد الزهراء علي - علاء الدين - ب. جواد  حسن عودة عبد الله  - جامعة بغداد جامعة بغداد كلية البصرة للعلوم والتكنولوجيا - كلية الإدارة والاقتصاد. كلية الإدارة والاقتصاد المركز الديمقراطي العربي –   مجلة القانون الدستوري والعلوم الإدارية : العدد التاسع شباط – فبراير 2021 المجلد 3 ،

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Spatial Quantile Autoregressive Model: A Review
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This paper is specifically a detailed review of the Spatial Quantile Autoregressive (SARQR) model that refers to the incorporation of quantile regression models into spatial autoregressive models to facilitate an improved analysis of the characteristics of spatially dependent data. The relevance of SARQR is emphasized in most applications, including but not limited to the fields that might need the study of spatial variation and dependencies. In particular, it looks at literature dated from 1971 and 2024 and shows the extent to which SARQR had already been applied previously in other disciplines such as economics, real estate, environmental science, and epidemiology. Accordingly, evidence indicates SARQR has numerous benefits compar

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Spatial Quantile Autoregressive Model: A Review
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This paper is specifically a detailed review of the Spatial Quantile Autoregressive (SARQR) model that refers to the incorporation of quantile regression models into spatial autoregressive models to facilitate an improved analysis of the characteristics of spatially dependent data. The relevance of SARQR is emphasized in most applications, including but not limited to the fields that might need the study of spatial variation and dependencies. In particular, it looks at literature dated from 1971 and 2024 and shows the extent to which SARQR had already been applied previously in other disciplines such as economics, real estate, environmental science, and epidemiology. Accordingly, evidence indicates SARQR has numerous benefits compar

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 31 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad (jfacmed Baghdad)
The Role of Activin A levels, Body Mass Index and Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Ectopic Pregnancies and Missed Abortions – A Study on a Group of Iraqi Women
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Predict the Laser Power and Recovery Period in Treatment by Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA)
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            Eight patients (3 male and 5 female) were treated in this study by Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA); Mathematical models are proposed to estimate the applied laser power and to assess the recovery period. The estimations of the applied laser power and recovery period in these models will be depended mainly on the diameter of the incompetent vein.  In addition, Excel Program was utilized to find the proposed models.  A 1470 nm diode laser up to 15W continuous power (CW) was used in the treatment of venous ulcers by EVLA procedure. Following up by duplex ultrasound was started in the 1st week after the first session until the vein is completely closed. The present study concluded that the relationship both between

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 13 2023
Journal Name
Diagnostics
The Effect of a Bioactive Oral System and CO2 Laser on Enamel Susceptibility to Acid Challenge
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This study evaluated the structural changes of enamel treated by the Regenerate system and carbon dioxide (CO2) laser against acid challenge. Thirty human enamel slabs were prepared and assigned into three groups: Group I: untreated (control); Group II: treated with the Regenerate system; and Group III exposed to CO2 laser. All specimens were subjected to an acid challenge (pH 4.5–7.0) for 14 days. Specimens were evaluated and compared at 120 points using five Raman microspectroscopic peaks; the phosphate vibrations ν1, ν2, ν3, and ν4 at 960, 433, 1029, and 579 cm−1, respectively, and the carbonate at 1070 cm−1, followed by Vickers microhardness test. The ratio of carbonate to phosphate was correlated to the equivalent mic

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Pharmacokinetic Consideration to Formulate Sustained Release Drugs: Understanding the Controlled Drug Diffusion through the Body Compartment of the Systemic Circulation and Tissue Medium-A Caputo Model
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The aim of this study is to provide an overview of various models to study drug diffusion for a sustained period into and within the human body. Emphasized the mathematical compartment models using fractional derivative (Caputo model) approach to investigate the change in sustained drug concentration in different compartments of the human body system through the oral route or the intravenous route. Law of mass action, first-order kinetics, and Fick's perfusion principle were used to develop mathematical compartment models representing sustained drug diffusion throughout the human body. To adequately predict the sustained drug diffusion into various compartments of the human body, consider fractional derivative (Caputo model) to investiga

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Global NAVIGATION Satellite System Contribution for Observing the Tectonic Plate Movements: Status and Perspectives
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The long-term monitoring of land movements represents the most successful application of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), particularly the Global Positioning System. However, the application of long term monitoring of land movements depends on the availability of homogenous and consistent daily position time series of stations over a period of time. Such time series can be produced very efficiently by using Precise Point Positioning and Double Difference techniques based on particular sophisticated GNSS processing softwares. Nonetheless, these rely on the availability of GNSS products which are precise satellite orbit and clock, and Earth orientation parameters. Unfortunately, several changes and modifications have been mad

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